Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Deep-neural-network-based framework for the accelerating uncertainty quantification of a structural–acoustic fully coupled system in a shallow sea 基于深度神经网络的浅海结构声全耦合系统不确定度加速量化框架
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106112
Leilei Chen , Qingxiang Pei , Ziheng Fei , Zhongbin Zhou , Zhongming Hu
{"title":"Deep-neural-network-based framework for the accelerating uncertainty quantification of a structural–acoustic fully coupled system in a shallow sea","authors":"Leilei Chen ,&nbsp;Qingxiang Pei ,&nbsp;Ziheng Fei ,&nbsp;Zhongbin Zhou ,&nbsp;Zhongming Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106112","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106112","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To systematically quantify certain uncertainties within the vibro-acoustic coupling problems, we propose a framework for sampling the acceleration and uncertainty quantification based on a Deep Neural Network (DNN). Coupling the Finite Element Method (FEM) and Boundary Element Method (BEM) with Catmull–Clark subdivision surfaces to generate samples for DNN training and testing. Constructing various DNN surrogate models with different input dimensions to generate abundant samples for uncertainty quantification. Applying a highly structured neural network Stochastic Differential Equation Network (SDE-Net) for uncertainty quantification using these samples. Numerical examples are implemented to verify the validity and effectiveness of the proposed algorithm. The main results are as follows: The numerical results match well with the analytical results, indicating that the FEM–BEM can accurately solve the fully coupled structural–acoustic system and provide high-quality initial samples for the DNN; The statistical metrics of DNN testing results demonstrate extremely high prediction accuracy; The proposed uncertainty quantification framework offers a time advantage and potential for dealing with more complex physical problems.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106112"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142975147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
BEM formulation for simulating heat dissipation in microelectronic packaging with point heat sources 点热源微电子封装散热模拟的边界元计算公式
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106076
V. Gutiérrez-Posada, I. Ubero-Martínez, J. Cifuentes-Rodrǵuez, J. Vallepuga-Espinosa
{"title":"BEM formulation for simulating heat dissipation in microelectronic packaging with point heat sources","authors":"V. Gutiérrez-Posada,&nbsp;I. Ubero-Martínez,&nbsp;J. Cifuentes-Rodrǵuez,&nbsp;J. Vallepuga-Espinosa","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106076","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106076","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work presents a new and robust formulation for studying the effect of point heat sources on three-dimensional thermomechanical contact problems. The aim of this work is to accurately analyze heat dissipation in microchips with known heat sources. To achieve this, the Boundary Element Method (BEM) has been used to calculate the thermomechanical influence coefficients. The traditional BEM has been extended in the proposed formulation to account for the complex interactions between the microchip and heatsink, which result from the inclusion of point heat sources. This includes the effects of microcontacts, microgaps, and thermal contact resistance. To solve the problem’s inherent non-linearity, a dual iterative solution scheme has been proposed. The formulation is validated by a numerical example and is shown to be capable of accurately capturing traction variations in the contact zone and the influence of heat sources on the contact zone temperature. The formulation is then applied to study the thermomechanical behavior of microelectronic packages, particularly those with low heat dissipation, under the influence of simulated point heat sources.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106076"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A volume compensation model for multi-resolution moving particle method simulating free-surface flow 多分辨率移动粒子法模拟自由表面流的体积补偿模型
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106080
Xiaoxing Liu , Kai Wang , Shunhua Chen , Shuai Zhang
{"title":"A volume compensation model for multi-resolution moving particle method simulating free-surface flow","authors":"Xiaoxing Liu ,&nbsp;Kai Wang ,&nbsp;Shunhua Chen ,&nbsp;Shuai Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106080","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106080","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a novel volume compensation model for multi-resolution moving particle method simulating free surface flows. The volume-compensation model is developed to conserve volume when simulating free surface flow using multi-resolution particles, a topic that has been rarely discussed for multi-resolution simulations in previous literature. The free surface is reconstructed by a linear polynomial, enabling the volume of fluid occupied to be easily calculated. Then particles on the free surface are shifted according to the volume change to conserve volume. In the multi-resolution model, the particle size is capable of adapting in an adaptive manner in accordance with its position. In the refined area, the large particles split into four smaller child particles. Child particles near to the large particles are further merged into middle-size particle to avoid the instability caused by the contact of child particles and parent particles. In order to ensure the accuracy of the calculations, the LSMPS framework is employed. A series of numerical tests were conducted to validate the capability of the developed method using multi-resolution particles.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106080"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142825129","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Consistent generalized finite element method: An accurate and robust mesh-based method even in distorted meshes 一致广义有限元法:一种基于网格的方法,即使是在扭曲的网格中,也具有精确和鲁棒性
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106084
Jinwei Ma , Qinglin Duan , Rong Tian , Siqi Shu
{"title":"Consistent generalized finite element method: An accurate and robust mesh-based method even in distorted meshes","authors":"Jinwei Ma ,&nbsp;Qinglin Duan ,&nbsp;Rong Tian ,&nbsp;Siqi Shu","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106084","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106084","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A consistent generalized finite element method (C-GFEM) is proposed, showing excellent accuracy and convergence in distorted quadrilateral and hexahedral meshes. Both displacement approximation and domain integration are taken into consideration regarding the declining performance of the finite element method (FEM) in distorted meshes. In the displacement approximation, extra-degrees of freedom-free and linearly independent enrichments developed in GFEM are employed, which restores the reproducibility of the approximation in distorted meshes. In the domain integration, the idea of correcting nodal derivatives in the framework of the <em>Hu–Washizu</em> three-field variational principle is introduced into GFEM, based on which consistent integration schemes using quadrilateral and hexahedral elements are developed in this work. Furthermore, to consistently enforce the essential boundary condition, additional terms of boundary integral are introduced into the weak form. As a result, the proposed C-GFEM can pass patch tests and keep high accuracy even though the computational mesh is distorted. Its perfect performance in distorted meshes is sufficiently demonstrated by the numerical investigation of several benchmark examples.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106084"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Elastic fields for a heterogeneous geo-material medium under antisymmetric indentation of a circular rigid plate 圆形刚性板非对称压痕作用下非均质土工材料介质的弹性场
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106098
Sha Xiao , Zhongqi Quentin Yue
{"title":"Elastic fields for a heterogeneous geo-material medium under antisymmetric indentation of a circular rigid plate","authors":"Sha Xiao ,&nbsp;Zhongqi Quentin Yue","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106098","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106098","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the contact problem of a heterogeneous geo-material medium indented by a circular rigid plate. The rigid plate is subjected to an applied moment about a horizontal axis. An <em>n</em>-layered half-space model is employed to analyze a heterogeneous geo-material half-space. The mathematical formulation of the <em>n</em>-layered half-space model is derived using classical integral transforms and a Fredholm integral equation of the second kind. Numerical methods are developed to solve the proposed analytical model. Numerical verification demonstrates that the layered approach can provide accurate solutions for the contact problem of the heterogeneous half-space with arbitrarily variable elastic constants in depth. Numerical results reveal the influence of geo-material heterogeneity on the elastic field of a heterogeneous medium under antisymmetric loading on a circular rigid plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106098"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A rational kernel function selection for Galerkin meshfree methods through quantifying relative interpolation errors 通过量化相对插值误差,对伽辽金无网格法进行合理的核函数选择
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106062
Like Deng , Dongdong Wang
{"title":"A rational kernel function selection for Galerkin meshfree methods through quantifying relative interpolation errors","authors":"Like Deng ,&nbsp;Dongdong Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106062","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106062","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although kernel functions play a pivotal role in meshfree approximation, the selection of kernel functions is often experience-based and lacks a theoretical basis. As an attempt to resolve this issue, a rational matching between kernel functions and nodal supports is proposed in this work for Galerkin meshfree methods, where the quadratic through quintic B-spline kernel functions are particularly investigated. The foundation of this rational matching is the design of an efficient quantification of relative interpolation errors. The proposed relative interpolation error measures are not problem-dependent and can be easily and efficiently evaluated. More importantly, these relative interpolation error measures effectively reflect the variation of the real interpolation errors for meshfree approximation, which essentially control the solution accuracy of the Galerkin meshfree formulation with consistent numerical integration. Consequently, an optimal selection of kernel functions that match the nodal supports of meshfree approximation can be readily realized via minimizing the relative interpolation errors of meshfree approximation. The efficacy of the proposed rational matching between kernel functions and nodal supports is well demonstrated by meshfree numerical solutions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106062"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793486","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Wave–current–wind interaction with elastic floating offshore wind turbines 弹性浮式海上风力发电机的波浪-流-风相互作用
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106052
A. Lamei , M. Hayatdavoodi , H.R. Riggs , R.C. Ertekin
{"title":"Wave–current–wind interaction with elastic floating offshore wind turbines","authors":"A. Lamei ,&nbsp;M. Hayatdavoodi ,&nbsp;H.R. Riggs ,&nbsp;R.C. Ertekin","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106052","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106052","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study is concerned with rigid-body responses and elastic motion of floating offshore wind turbines (FOWTs) under combined wave, current and wind loads. A numerical approach is developed in frequency domain based on the linear diffraction theory with a Green function for small current speeds and the blade-element momentum method for hydrodynamic and aerodynamic analysis, respectively. This approach is coupled with the finite-element method to obtain the hydro- and aeroelastic motion of FOWTs. The interaction of combined wave–current–wind with three FOWTs, namely SPAR, semisubmersible and barge, is considered. Rigid-body responses of the three FOWTs to waves and wind are compared to those when current loads are present. Furthermore, the effect of current speed and misalignment of incident waves with current-wind on the motion of the FOWTs is investigated. Discussion is provided on the importance of considering wave–current interaction together with aerodynamic loads on the responses of the considered FOWTs. It is observed that the motion of the SPAR FOWT to combined waves and wind changes the most when the current loads are added. Finally, the effect of wave–current-wind interaction on the elastic motion of flexible FOWTs is investigated and compared with their rigid-body counterparts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106052"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142793488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Various near singularity regularization methods derived from distance transformations in 3D boundary element method 三维边界元法中由距离变换衍生的各种近奇点正则化方法
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106094
Yukai Jin, Yidan Zhang
{"title":"Various near singularity regularization methods derived from distance transformations in 3D boundary element method","authors":"Yukai Jin,&nbsp;Yidan Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106094","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106094","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper focuses on applying non-linear transformations for near singularity regularization combined distance transformations. In the previous methods, near singularities are usually considered in only the polar direction, ignoring those in the circular direction, which leads to low accuracy when calculating nearly singular integrals of narrow element or when the projection point is located near the element end. In this paper, the near singularities are traced firstly based on the distance function, by which the distance function can be constructed in two ways. The general form of nearly singular integrals in the two directions is extracted. Then, several non-linear transformations are introduced about removal of the near singularities in one direction. In our method, the only one directional methods are combined to solve the nearly singular integrals. Finally, comparisons of the results by the combined distance transformations show that by employing the non-linear transformations in both directions, more stable and accurate results can be obtained especially for nearly singular integrals of the narrow elements.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106094"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142901667","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
BIOEFGM II: Two-dimensional meshless model to simulate the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of BTEX contaminant through multiple electron acceptors in groundwater BIOEFGM II:模拟地下水中BTEX污染物通过多个电子受体进行好氧和厌氧生物降解的二维无网格模型
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106089
Tinesh Pathania
{"title":"BIOEFGM II: Two-dimensional meshless model to simulate the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradation of BTEX contaminant through multiple electron acceptors in groundwater","authors":"Tinesh Pathania","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106089","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106089","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In the present study, a meshless BIOEFGM II model is proposed to simulate the natural attenuation of BTEX contaminant (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes) through multiple aerobic and anaerobic electron acceptors in the two-dimensional groundwater system. This model is the extension of the BIOEFGM I model for aerobic BTEX degradation. In BIOEFGM II, the meshless element-free Galerkin method (EFGM) is applied to governing groundwater flow and reactive transport equations. The weak-integral form of EFGM is also applied to the Darcy law equation to compute the groundwater velocity directly at scattered field nodes representing the aquifer domain. This step allows the easy coupling of flow and transport models with both regular and irregular nodes in BIOEFGM II, unlike grid/mesh-based models. The proposed model is the first multispecies model that can simulate natural BTEX degradation using regular/irregular field nodes. In this study, proposed BIOEFGM II-RG and BIOEFGM II-IRG for regular and irregular nodes respectively are applied to a hypothetical aquifer and field-type large heterogeneous aquifer, and results are verified with the benchmark RT3D model. The results of this study reveal that aerobic and anaerobic processes contribute to 30%–40% and 60%–70% of the total BTEX degradation respectively.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106089"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
A new procedure for solving the transport of corrosion products in liquid lead bismuth eutectic loop 求解液态铅铋共晶回路中腐蚀产物输运的新方法
IF 4.2 2区 工程技术
Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106107
YaoDi Li , Mei Huang , Boxue Wang , Xiangyuan Meng , YanTing Cheng
{"title":"A new procedure for solving the transport of corrosion products in liquid lead bismuth eutectic loop","authors":"YaoDi Li ,&nbsp;Mei Huang ,&nbsp;Boxue Wang ,&nbsp;Xiangyuan Meng ,&nbsp;YanTing Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106107","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.enganabound.2024.106107","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article presents an extension of the Half Boundary Method (HBM) for solving two-dimensional mass transfer problems in a lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE) loop. We propose a procedure that integrates the Finite Volume Method (FVM) with the HBM coupling algorithm to address flow and mass transfer issues. The FVM is used to solve the velocity field, while a small number of nodes are selected within the solution domain to apply HBM for solving the concentration field. By reducing the number of grids required by HBM, the maximum order of the matrix is also reduced, leading to savings in computational storage and improved efficiency. The proposed procedure is applied to solve the transport problem of corrosion products (Fe) in the hot pipe section of the UPBEAT circuit. By comparing different flow and oxygen control conditions, we find that the corrosion rate increases with velocity. Under oxygen control, the concentration of corrosion products is only 0.5 % of that under anaerobic conditions, and the corrosion rate is reduced to only 0.19 %. These findings significantly reduce the corrosion rate, making long-term pipeline use feasible.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":51039,"journal":{"name":"Engineering Analysis with Boundary Elements","volume":"171 ","pages":"Article 106107"},"PeriodicalIF":4.2,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142929266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信