Ecoscience最新文献_第5页

Assessing the Probability of Wildfire Occurrences in a Neotropical Dry Forest 评估新热带干燥森林发生野火的可能性

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1916213

Carlos Campos-Vargas, Daniela Vargas-Sanabria

{"title":"Assessing the Probability of Wildfire Occurrences in a Neotropical Dry Forest","authors":"Carlos Campos-Vargas, Daniela Vargas-Sanabria","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2021.1916213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1916213","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In tropical dry forests, wildfires are likely to become a major disturbance as a result of anthropogenic pressures and dryer conditions due to climate warming. Based on remote sensing techniques, this paper assesses the probability of fires occurring in the dry region of the Guanacaste Conservation Area (GCA), northwestern Costa Rica, testing the roles as fire determinants of topography, early successional forest stages, between-area susceptibility, and accessibility to human (roads and trails). Probability of fire occurrence and fire danger were determined based on a machine learning algorithm. Fire occurrence model was inferred from burned areas and fire line density; while fire danger was inferred from the probability of fire occurrence, the proportion of burned areas, and the number of fires per area. Results indicate that the presence of early successional vegetation on flat lowlands highly accessible by roads and trails are key components of fire occurrence. Three of the six investigated sectors show high probability of fire occurrence and fire danger, indicating the spatial heterogeneity of fire risk in the landscape. The results could be useful for the management of the conservation area.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"28 1","pages":"159 - 169"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2021.1916213","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48229988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Phenology and Regeneration Status of Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.: A Tropical Tree Species of Indian Forests 毛毡终条(Terminalia tomentosa)物候与再生状况wright & Arn。:一种产于印度森林的热带树种

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2021-04-03 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1916216

M. R. Mohanta, R. Mohanty, S. C. Sahu

{"title":"Phenology and Regeneration Status of Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.) Wight & Arn.: A Tropical Tree Species of Indian Forests","authors":"M. R. Mohanta, R. Mohanty, S. C. Sahu","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2021.1916216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1916216","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Terminalia tomentosa (Roxb.) Wight & Arn., an important tree species in the tropical forests of India, is often reported to have poor or no regeneration in many parts of the country. The present study was conducted to evaluate the population structure and regeneration status of the species in three different forest types of the Similipal Biosphere Reserve, along with phenological behaviours for two consecutive years. Leaf initiation was positively correlated with fruit senescence (r = 0.76, p < 0.01) and flower initiation (r = 0.63, p < 0.01). However, a negative correlation was found between leaf initiation (LF2) and leaf senescence (LF5) (r = –0.42, p < 0.05). Principal Component Analysis showed that maximum temperature and rainfall in a given month are the main factors for pre-monsoon events (leaf senescence and fruit senescence) and post-monsoon events (growth and maturation of leaves and fruits). The results also revealed that regeneration failure of T. tomentosa was not due to phenological intensity but possibly to wrong phenological timing of fruit maturation. This study on regeneration status and phenological information of T. tomentosa could help develop strategies for conservation and management of this tropical tree species in its natural ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"28 1","pages":"171 - 183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-04-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2021.1916216","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47033520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Habitat and Climate Influence Beetle and Spider Communities in Boreal Forests 生境及气候对北方森林甲虫和蜘蛛群落的影响

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2021-02-25 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1885802

M. Bouchard, C. Hébert

{"title":"Habitat and Climate Influence Beetle and Spider Communities in Boreal Forests","authors":"M. Bouchard, C. Hébert","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2021.1885802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1885802","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Separating the influence of climate and habitat characteristics on forest communities could help better understand their potential sensitivity to environmental change. In this study, we sampled spiders and beetles in similar forest types, located along a ca. 4°C mean annual temperature spatial gradient in the boreal forest zone in Quebec, Canada. Specifically, we aimed to separate the effect on arthropod communities of two habitat-related factors that can be influenced by forest management (stand composition and stand age), and another one that cannot (climate). Overall, spider assemblages tended to be more abundant and species-rich in younger forest stands, while beetle assemblages were more abundant and species-rich in deciduous forest stands. Eight beetle and six spider species were significantly influenced by climate, independently from forest type, whereas 11 beetle and seven spider species were significantly influenced by both forest type and climate. While most of the beetle species affected by climate were associated with warmer locations, several spider species were more abundant in colder locations. By helping to ensure the retention of key forest types along potential dispersal pathways at the landscape level, forest management activities could help the conservation of species belonging to relatively cryptic taxa such as arthropods in a climate change context.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"28 1","pages":"115 - 126"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2021.1885802","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43464115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Responses of Spinifex littoreus to Sand Burial on the Coastal Area of Pingtan Island, Fujian Province, South China 福建省平潭岛沿海地区小滨鹬对沙埋的响应

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2021-02-24 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2021.1888523

Shuang Song, Jianhui Du, Qirui Wu, Mingyang Ni, Yijia Wang, Yingling Zhang

{"title":"The Responses of Spinifex littoreus to Sand Burial on the Coastal Area of Pingtan Island, Fujian Province, South China","authors":"Shuang Song, Jianhui Du, Qirui Wu, Mingyang Ni, Yijia Wang, Yingling Zhang","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2021.1888523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2021.1888523","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The adaptive capacity of psammophytes to sand burial is crucial for the ecological restoration of coastal dune systems. The responses of Spinifex littoreus to different sand burial depths and levels were examined on the coast of Pingtan Island, Fujian Province, South China. The results indicated that, compared with the control group (CG), sand burial on the S. littoreus stolons had no significant impact on the vertical growth of its conjoint ramets. However, the horizontal growth of S. littoreus stolons was stimulated and significantly increased in half-intense (HI) and complete-intense (CI) sand burial treatments by 24.56% and 40.79%, respectively. Throughout the experiment, about 96% of adventitious roots were observed on the base section of stolons, while no roots in the control group (CG). After 20-day artificial sand burial treatments, the dry weight ratio between stem and leaf of S. littoreus was decreased in all three sections of stolons, especially for the top sections. Overall, S. littoreus can adapt to the complete and intense sand burial in growing season by rapid growth of stolons, abundant production of adventitious roots on the stolon base, and more germination of leaves on the stolon top.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"28 1","pages":"149 - 158"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2021.1888523","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44370020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Zooplankters in an Oligotrophic Ocean: Contrasts in the Niches of Globigerinoides ruber and Trilobatus sacculifer (Foraminifera: Globigerinida) in the South Pacific 少营养海洋中的浮游动物:南太平洋橡胶球虫和糖三叶虫(有孔虫目:球虫目)生态位的对比

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-10-01 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1793561

G. H. Scott

{"title":"Zooplankters in an Oligotrophic Ocean: Contrasts in the Niches of Globigerinoides ruber and Trilobatus sacculifer (Foraminifera: Globigerinida) in the South Pacific","authors":"G. H. Scott","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1793561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1793561","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Distributions of the planktonic foraminifers Globigerinoides ruber (d'Orbigny) and Trilobus sacculifer (Brady) from the tropical-subtropical South Pacific Ocean are related to sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll-a, nitrate, phosphate, salinity and oxygen to determine whether their niches overlap. Their distributions in the ForCenS database of species in seafloor sediment are studied as proxies for upper ocean data. In the occurrence analysis (MaxEnt) SST is the strongest predictor of niche suitability followed by chlorophyll-a; environments between 0–20° S are the most suitable for both species: niches are undifferentiated. Contrarily, abundance analysis (Random Forests) identifies nitrate and chlorophyll-a as primary variables for Globigerinoides ruber, and SST and chlorophyll-a for Trilobatus sacculifer. Maximum abundances of the former are predicted in the subtropical hyper-oligotrophic zone while maxima of the latter are predicted at its margins and near the West Pacific Warm Pool. The high relative abundance of Globigerinoides ruber in the hyper-oligotrophic zone is attributed to its photosymbiotic relation with on-board dinoflagellates; this compensates for the low primary productivity in the zone. It is the best-adapted planktonic foraminifer in this huge marine ‘desert’ and is a proxy for hyper-oligotrophic environments. The photosymbiotic relation is weaker in Trilobatus sacculifer which primarily depends on particulate nutrition.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"269 - 278"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1793561","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41354122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Occurrence of Leucism in Groups of Tayras Eira barbara Linnaeus 1758 on the Guyana Shield 1758年圭亚那地盾上Tayras Eira barbara Linnaeus群体中白血病的发生

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-08-23 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1804724

A. R. M. Pontes, Antonio Paulo da Silva Júnior, D. Chivers

引用次数: 3

Microhabitat and Ecology of the Rare Boreal Endemic Lechea intermedia Var. Depauperata Hodgdon (Cistaceae) 稀有北方特有中间蛭科(蛭科)微生境与生态学研究

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1796365

V. Crisfield, D. L. Haughland, L. Pyle

{"title":"Microhabitat and Ecology of the Rare Boreal Endemic Lechea intermedia Var. Depauperata Hodgdon (Cistaceae)","authors":"V. Crisfield, D. L. Haughland, L. Pyle","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1796365","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1796365","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Understanding the ecology and life history of rare species is critical to assessing their conservation status and developing effective management strategies. We examined the habitat and demography of impoverished pinweed (Lechea intermedia var. depauperata), a rare, narrowly endemic post-fire coloniser native to the Athabasca Plain of Canada, using a combination of germination tests, plant community assessments, and microclimate monitoring. In addition, we monitored demographic trends over three years in five of six known extant populations to explore the temporal dynamics of impoverished pinweed populations. Areas supporting impoverished pinweed populations were found to be warmer than adjacent areas during the growing season; however, warmer temperatures did not correlate with higher seed germination. Plant community composition varied little between occupied and unoccupied areas. Demographic assessments suggest the taxon is likely a short-lived perennial, and populations appear to be self-sustaining in the short term. Based on work presented here and in a previous study, we suggest that impoverished pinweed has several characteristics of inherently vulnerable taxa, and we recommend that population trends be monitored over time. Further, we recommend directions for future work to address identified outstanding knowledge gaps.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"279 - 293"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1796365","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43027327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Baseline to Novel Ecosystems in Michigan, USA, with a Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment 美国密歇根州新型生态系统基线的定量和定性评价

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-07-16 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1791686

B. Hanberry

{"title":"Baseline to Novel Ecosystems in Michigan, USA, with a Quantitative and Qualitative Assessment","authors":"B. Hanberry","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1791686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1791686","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Pre-Euro-American settlement vegetation provides information about historical ecology. I evaluated baseline conditions and novel status of current forests in Michigan using historical (1836 to 1858) and current (2010–2015) surveys and assessed quantitative and qualitative measures of novel status. Aspen (increased from 2% to 11% of all trees) and red maple (<2% to 12.5%) replaced eastern hemlock (15% to 2%) and American beech (8% to <1%) as most abundant species. Density was similar between surveys but mean diameter (trees ≥12.7 cm) decreased from 39 to 22 cm. The emerging forest type is a mix of early- to mid-successional species, particularly red maple, from eastern broadleaf forests of the central-eastern US.Openlands in southern Michigan have been replaced by agriculture and closed forests. Historical forests dominated by few tree species have transitioned to diverse eastern broadleaf forests throughout the eastern US, conforming to quantitative and qualitative measures of novel ecosystem status. Besides exceeding a quantitative threshold (e.g., squared chord distance), current forests meet novel status because they are ubiquitous, constitute a new normal, arise predictably, and unavoidably in response to disturbance or land-use change, auto-organize, and retain novelty after crossing thresholds challenging to reverse.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"255 - 268"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1791686","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45071440","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Microarthropod Abundance and Community Structure along a Chronosequence within the Tanana River Floodplain, Alaska 阿拉斯加州塔纳纳河洪泛区微节肢动物丰度和群落结构的时间序列

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-07-07 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1772613

R. Andrews, R. Ruess

{"title":"Microarthropod Abundance and Community Structure along a Chronosequence within the Tanana River Floodplain, Alaska","authors":"R. Andrews, R. Ruess","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1772613","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1772613","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT We investigated abundance and community structure of soil microarthropods in three stages of a primary successional chronosequence along the Tanana River in interior Alaska: early-successional alder stands, mid-successional balsam poplar stands and late successional white spruce stands. Microarthropod abundances in alder stands were uniformly low and tended to increase in balsam popular stands where abundances were highly variable among sites. White spruce stands had the highest abundances, almost 8 times those of alder sites. Arthropod taxon and Oribatida family richness also increased (alder: 29 taxa, 6 families; balsam poplar: 34 taxa, 10 families; white spruce: 40 taxa, 14 families). Non-metric multidimensional ordination of arthropod taxa indicated microarthropod communities became more similar within stand types later in succession and environmental fit of the site characteristics found organic matter thickness, soil degree days, organic layer phosphorus (P), mineral layer concentrations of carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and manganese (Mn), and white spruce basal area were significant (p < 0.05). Regression analysis indicated prey abundance and predator abundance were positively correlated (R2 = 0.43; p< 0.001). Our findings point to the importance of vegetation, soil development and temperature, site stability, microarthropod colonization time, and possibly predator abundance in shaping these microarthropod communities.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"235 - 253"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-07-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1772613","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42149556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abundance, Population Density and Spatial Ecology of Mound-Building Termites in Moist Tropical Deciduous Forests of Northern India 印度北部潮湿热带落叶林中筑丘白蚁的丰度、种群密度和空间生态

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-06-30 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1772610

J. Chakraborty, Sudhir Singh

{"title":"Abundance, Population Density and Spatial Ecology of Mound-Building Termites in Moist Tropical Deciduous Forests of Northern India","authors":"J. Chakraborty, Sudhir Singh","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1772610","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1772610","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Mound-building termites are ecosystem engineers whose abundance and spatial ecology are not adequately addressed in many forest ecosystems. We studied Odontotermes obesus mounds at two moist tropical deciduous forests (pure Sal and Sal-Teak mixed) in the Doon valley, northern India. Mound abundance, spatial pattern and termite population density were determined by direct count, nearest neighbour analyses and destructive sampling, respectively. Relations between mound attributes and stand characteristics such as woody vegetation diversity, density and tree stumps (representing food quality, quantity, open-space availability and disturbance) were tested at fine spatial scale using regression analyses. Active mounds were more abundant in the pure Sal stand (∼8.0 mounds/ha) than in the mixed stand (∼5.0 mounds/ha). Mean population density (both sites combined) was 2.01 × 105 individuals per mound. Population density was strongly correlated with mound volume. Predominance of young colonies was indicated by high occurrence (≥ = 65%) of small mounds (< 1.25 m3). Mounds were predominantly randomly distributed. However, the pure Sal stand showed a partial tendency towards aggregation. Our results revealed that woody species richness is an important, site-specific regulatory factor. Local-scale variations should be cautiously considered while up-scaling the contribution of O. obesus mounds to various ecosystem processes.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"209 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1772610","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46278044","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5