Ecoscience最新文献_第6页

Caddisfly (Insecta: Trichoptera) Diversity in the Ozarks and Tallgrass Prairie Transitional Zone, Arkansas and Missouri, USA 美国阿肯色州和密苏里州欧扎克和高草草原过渡带的飞蛾(昆虫纲:毛翅目)多样性

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-06-23 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1772611

D. Bowles

{"title":"Caddisfly (Insecta: Trichoptera) Diversity in the Ozarks and Tallgrass Prairie Transitional Zone, Arkansas and Missouri, USA","authors":"D. Bowles","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1772611","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1772611","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Adult caddisfly (Trichoptera) community assemblages were studied in nine streams located in the transitional zone of the Ozarks and tallgrass prairie ecoregions. Seventy-two species, 36 genera, and 15 families were collected from among these streams. Cluster analysis showed taxa similarity among sites was grouped by geographic proximity rather than stream type, but, within the primary clusters, there also was separation among the streams. Predominantly spring-fed streams were less closely related to the other streams in those clusters. Among streams within a park, there were distinct differences among their respective faunas, which is likely due to local physical and chemical differences in those streams. An NMDS analysis was consistent with the similarity analysis with streams ordinating primarily based on geographic proximity (stress = 0.07, R2 = 0.76) and not stream type (multiresponse permutation procedure: A = 0.289, p = 0.003). Results from free permutation testing showed half of the environmental variables included in the model were significant (p ≤ 0.05). The most important findings of this study are that highest taxa similarities were among streams in the same park (local scale) as opposed to similar stream types among parks (regional scale), but there also was substantial variation among stream types within parks due to local factors.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"223 - 234"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1772611","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46509345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Camera-Trap Records of Fishing Cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) from East Medinipur (West Bengal, India), and Notes on Threats to This Population 印度西孟加拉邦东梅迪尼普尔渔猫(Prionailurus viverrinus)的相机捕捉记录及其对该种群的威胁

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-04-26 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1752500

S. Chakraborty, Souvik Barik, R. Saha, Ajanta Dey, Kaushik Deuti, C. Venkatraman, Subhendu Mazumdar, G. Saha

{"title":"Camera-Trap Records of Fishing Cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) from East Medinipur (West Bengal, India), and Notes on Threats to This Population","authors":"S. Chakraborty, Souvik Barik, R. Saha, Ajanta Dey, Kaushik Deuti, C. Venkatraman, Subhendu Mazumdar, G. Saha","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1752500","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1752500","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The fishing cat (Prionailurus viverrinus) is a medium-sized felid, which uses various habitats including areas adjoining wetlands. This species is listed as ‘vulnerable’ in the IUCN Red List 2016, Appendix 2 of CITES and under Schedule 1 of the Wildlife (Protection) Act. In spite of being mired with several threats, studies on fishing cats outside protected areas are scarce in West Bengal, and their confirmed presence has so far been reported only from the Howrah and Hooghly districts. This is the first published account of the presence of fishing cats in human-dominated landscapes of East Medinipur (West Bengal, India) through camera-trap evidence. We have observed that habitat alterations and disturbances associated with the construction of a brick kiln have possibly led to the displacement of fishing cats and other associated wildlife species from the study area. Similar surveys in yet unexplored areas of fishing cat distribution range are needed to identify remaining populations, threats to their survival and to initiate appropriate conservation initiatives. Our findings indicate that current anthropocentric land-use policies need to be reviewed to reduce anthropogenic disturbances and destruction of habitats sustaining fishing cats and other wildlife in human-dominated landscapes.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"149 - 156"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1752500","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47137607","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Spatiotemporal Recruitment Patterns of Two Introduced Magnolia L. Species in a Disturbed Oak Forest 受干扰栎林中两种木兰引种的时空补充模式

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-04-20 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1753311

Todd J. Rounsaville

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Recruitment Patterns of Two Introduced Magnolia L. Species in a Disturbed Oak Forest","authors":"Todd J. Rounsaville","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1753311","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1753311","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Although nearly half of all Magnolia species are threatened globally, human-assisted movement and cultivation of some species has led to their escape within non-indigenous ecosystems. The ongoing naturalization of select Magnolia taxa has been associated with climate change and variously characterized as assisted-migration, range shift/expansion, or biological invasion. This study documented recruitment patterns in space and time for two species of introduced ‘umbrella’ magnolias, which have become increasingly prolific in New England. A census was conducted that identified a total of 388 Magnolia macrophylla (SE US.) and M. obovata (Japan) individuals that escaped from cultivation and colonized an adjacent oak forest. Seedling recruitment occurred rapidly in response to forest disturbance, and mean tree age was significantly different as a function of three discrete disturbance events. M. obovata was a more successful colonizer overall, yielding more individuals (326 vs. 62), and recruiting further (90% quantile = 388 ± 91 vs. 228 ± 44 m) than M. macrophylla, given founding populations that were of identical size (n = 3) and similar age. This study represents the first documented escape of M. obovata in North America, while M. macrophylla has been documented elsewhere in New England and linked to increased temperature and precipitation patterns.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"165 - 176"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1753311","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42177725","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

No Treeline Advance Over the Last 50 Years in Subarctic Western and Central Canada and the Problem of Vegetation Misclassification in Remotely Sensed Data 加拿大西部和中部亚北极地区近50年来没有Treeline进展和遥感数据中的植被错误分类问题

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-04-02 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1698258

K. Timoney, S. Mamet

{"title":"No Treeline Advance Over the Last 50 Years in Subarctic Western and Central Canada and the Problem of Vegetation Misclassification in Remotely Sensed Data","authors":"K. Timoney, S. Mamet","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2019.1698258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2019.1698258","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study we examined (1) whether there has been significant tree cover change over the period 1960–2010 in a 960,000 km2 subarctic study region in western and central Canada, and (2) the degree to which Global Forest Change (GFC) tree cover data agree with other datasets. We compared GFC tree cover to cover estimates from air photos (c. 1960), ground-level plot data (c. 1982–84), annotated low-level oblique photographs (c. 2005–09), and air photo footprints on the World Imagery Base Map (c. 2010). Tree cover changes since 1960 varied by physiographic and ecological regions. Afforestation was modest to non-significant depending on the region. We observed no evidence of northward tree migration. An increase in the areal extent of burned forests, mostly in areas south of the forest-tundra, was the largest change detected. We documented systematic discrepancies between our tree cover estimates and GFC data. GFC underestimates of tree cover typically occurred in areas of low tree density. Areas where GFC data overestimated tree cover were common, especially near the northern limits of trees and in areas dominated by dense or tall shrubs. Predictions of climate-driven vegetation response derived solely from remotely sensed data may not be reliable.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"106 - 93"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-04-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2019.1698258","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47694758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 11

Spatial Coverage of Protection for Terrestrial Species under the Canadian Species at Risk Act 《加拿大濒危物种法》下陆生物种保护的空间覆盖范围

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2020-03-30 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2020.1741497

Clark S. Bolliger, Calla V. Raymond, R. Schuster, J. Bennett

{"title":"Spatial Coverage of Protection for Terrestrial Species under the Canadian Species at Risk Act","authors":"Clark S. Bolliger, Calla V. Raymond, R. Schuster, J. Bennett","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2020.1741497","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2020.1741497","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Canada's Species at Risk Act (SARA) has been critiqued for only protecting species on federal lands. However, this shortcoming has never been quantitatively assessed in terms of species' ranges. We assessed the proportion of ranges of federally-listed terrestrial species at risk (SAR) receiving protection via SARA, excluding birds protected by the Migratory Birds Convention Act. Additionally, we assessed species protection provided by provincial and territorial protected areas within the ranges of SARA-listed species. We show that federal land provides protection within only 8.1% of species' Canadian ranges on average, and 63.1% of 252 terrestrial SAR are protected within less than 5% of their range. The addition of provincial and territorial protected areas increases this average to 14.6% and reduces the percent with less than 5% protection to 34.9% of species. Eighteen species receive 0% protection within their Canadian ranges. We found no significant difference in average protection among taxonomic groups. Canada's capacity to protect SAR via SARA could be improved by greater coordination among national, provincial and Indigenous governments, the creation of a more effective protected area network, exercising SARA's provision for emergency protection orders where applicable, and facilitating greater SAR protection on public and private lands.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"141 - 147"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2020-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2020.1741497","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42412579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Microcosm Experiments Reveal Asian Dust Deposition Stimulates Growth and Reduces Diversity in Bacterioplankton of the China Seas 微观实验揭示亚洲粉尘沉积刺激了中国海域浮游细菌的生长并降低了其多样性

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1681090

Rui Hou, Xi Chen, Kui-ran Li, Huiwang Gao, Yang-Guo Zhao

{"title":"Microcosm Experiments Reveal Asian Dust Deposition Stimulates Growth and Reduces Diversity in Bacterioplankton of the China Seas","authors":"Rui Hou, Xi Chen, Kui-ran Li, Huiwang Gao, Yang-Guo Zhao","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2019.1681090","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2019.1681090","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Dust deposition is considered an important source of many bioavailable nutrients to the marine environment. Nutritional status is the main factor regulating bacterioplankton growth, and thus it is important to study the effects of dust deposition. Microcosm experiments with dust aerosol addition were performed using surface water from the South China Sea (SC) for 12 days and southern Yellow Sea (SY) for 10 days. After incubation, the bacterial biomass in microcosms increased 10.82-fold and 2.22–3.32-fold under dust addition, in SC and SY respectively. Bacterial growth was also stimulated by dust aerosol, indicated by increased and more effcient heterotrophic secondary production. In addition, bacterial community structures were simplified by dust aerosol in both study areas. Alpha- and gamma-proteobacteria were the predominant bacteria in the microcosms following dust addition in SC, whereas alpha- and delta-proteobacteria were the main bacteria in SY. These results demonstrate that dust deposition regulates growth and community structure of marine bacteria in SC and SY by promoting phytoplankton growth.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"1 - 10"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2019.1681090","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46231374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Do Ecological Corridors Increase the Abundance of Soil Fauna? 生态廊道会增加土壤动物的丰度吗?

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1690933

Marcela Bernardes Portela, Eliesé Idalino Rodrigues, Carlos Alberto de Sousa Rodrigues de Sousa Rodrigues Filho, C. F. Rezende, T. S. de Oliveira

{"title":"Do Ecological Corridors Increase the Abundance of Soil Fauna?","authors":"Marcela Bernardes Portela, Eliesé Idalino Rodrigues, Carlos Alberto de Sousa Rodrigues de Sousa Rodrigues Filho, C. F. Rezende, T. S. de Oliveira","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2019.1690933","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2019.1690933","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Ecological corridors are areas of natural vegetation that connect two or more separate habitat patches, surrounded by a non-habitat matrix. Soil fauna is important for sustainability, conservation and soil quality. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the influence of corridors on the soil faunal community in crops near savannah vegetation areas by examining the effects on trophic, movement and taxonomic groups. We collected data during the dry and rainy seasons in two areas of biodynamic agriculture. Then, we calculated trophic, movement, taxonomic group abundance, total abundance, richness, equability and diversity. The taxa Acari, Chilopoda, Oligochaeta, Orthoptera and Psocoptera were the most abundant in cultivated areas with corridors during the rainy season, while the taxa Dermaptera, Diplura, Diptera, Collembola, Formicidae larva, Lepidoptera and Lepidoptera larva were more abundant in cultivated areas with corridors during the dry season. The trophic, movement, taxonomic group abundance, richness, equability and diversity were higher during the rainy season and were not related to corridor presence. Ecological corridors increased the abundance of some taxonomic groups of soil fauna in cultivated areas, thereby contributing to the maintenance of specific taxonomic groups, which provide important ecosystem services.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"45 - 57"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2019.1690933","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45064039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Effects of Wind Speed on Background Herbivory of an Insect Herbivore 风速对植食性昆虫背景食性的影响

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1666549

Xinliang Shao, Qin Zhang, Yuhui Liu, Xitian Yang

引用次数: 3

Diversity and Specificity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Six Plants in the Songnen Grassland, China 松嫩草原6种植物根际丛枝菌根真菌的多样性和特异性

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1662969

Yu Bi, Wenjun Ma, F. Xing, Yingzhi Gao, Zhuo Li, Chen Chen, Xuemeng Mu, Xiaote Li, Xinrui Zhu

{"title":"Diversity and Specificity of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi in the Rhizosphere of Six Plants in the Songnen Grassland, China","authors":"Yu Bi, Wenjun Ma, F. Xing, Yingzhi Gao, Zhuo Li, Chen Chen, Xuemeng Mu, Xiaote Li, Xinrui Zhu","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2019.1662969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2019.1662969","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are widely distributed in grassland ecosystems. However, the diversity and specificity of AMF in the rhizosphere of grassland plants remain largely unexplored. The species and quantitative characteristics of AMF in the rhizosphere soil of 6 common plant species in the Songnen grassland in Northeast China were investigated by using wet sieving and morphological identification methods. The results showed that there were 24 AMF species belonging to 6 genera in the rhizosphere of the 6 plant species. Glomus claroideum and Glomus melanosporum were the common dominant AMF species for most plants. The subdominant species and companion species of the AMF community were different. The diversity index, spore density and infection rate of AMF were significantly different among the rhizosphere of the different plants (p < 0.05). Similarity coefficients of AMF composition varied greatly among plant species. Therefore, the AMF species showed a certain level of host specificity, and this result partially supported the singular hypothesis. Differences in plant species and soil microenvironment were the main reasons explaining the specificity of the AMF in the rhizospheres of grassland plant species.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"11 - 21"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2019.1662969","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45368745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Bats in the Changing Boreal Forest: Response to a Megafire by Endangered Little Brown Bats (Myotis lucifugus) 变化中的北方森林中的蝙蝠：对濒危小棕蝙蝠大火的反应

IF 1.3 4区环境科学与生态学

Ecoscience Pub Date : 2019-12-26 DOI: 10.1080/11956860.2019.1687084

T. Jung

{"title":"Bats in the Changing Boreal Forest: Response to a Megafire by Endangered Little Brown Bats (Myotis lucifugus)","authors":"T. Jung","doi":"10.1080/11956860.2019.1687084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/11956860.2019.1687084","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Wildfire is a pervasive disturbance in the boreal forest, and fire size and severity is increasing due to climate change. Yet, wildfire impacts on boreal bats are unknown. Burned forest may be attractive to bats because of an increase in dead trees and a reduction in vegetative clutter. Using ultrasonic detectors, I sampled little brown bat (Myotis lucifugus) activity at lakeshore and upland sites within burned and mature forest. Activity was greater in mature than burned forest at both upland and lakeshore sites. Activity was greater at lakeshores, where some large snags survived fire. The relative use of edges created by fire, lakeshores and roads was also investigated. Bat activity was greater at lakeshores than other edge types. Bats made little use of burned upland areas or fire-created edges. This study provides a first approximation of the effect of a ‘megafire’ on bats in the boreal forest and suggests that large, severe wildfires may have a negative impact. Protection of mature forest containing large dead trees, particularly along lakeshores, may help to mitigate the loss of habitat due to wildfires. Further work, however, is needed to assess bat activity in burns of differing sizes, severity and age.","PeriodicalId":51030,"journal":{"name":"Ecoscience","volume":"27 1","pages":"59 - 70"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2019-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/11956860.2019.1687084","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42832327","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 9