Ecology and Society最新文献_第8页

Changing collaborative networks and transitions in rural sustainable development: qualitative lessons from three villages in China 农村可持续发展中的合作网络变化与转型:来自中国三个村的定性经验

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14249-280402

Yurui Li, Ningkang Chen, Abigail Sullivan, Shuting Chen, Xiaofei Qin

{"title":"Changing collaborative networks and transitions in rural sustainable development: qualitative lessons from three villages in China","authors":"Yurui Li, Ningkang Chen, Abigail Sullivan, Shuting Chen, Xiaofei Qin","doi":"10.5751/es-14249-280402","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14249-280402","url":null,"abstract":"Promoting rural sustainable development requires improving rural systems’ self-organization to reduce dependence on external resources, which is inherently difficult in peasant economies due to low rural household income. Bottom-up collective action can help address these issues. However, few studies have examined how networks of elite and non-elite actors influence collective action and system transitions toward sustainability. This study scrutinizes the changing structures of collaborative networks in three Chinese villages through analysis of elite and non-elite actor groups and their relationships. We also examine the key elements that influence system transitions at every phase of rural sustainable development. The three case studies demonstrate that (1) elites play a vital role in the formation of collaborative networks and facilitate actor awareness; (2) spatial relationships are as essential as institutional design for successful collective action in response to sustainable development problems; (3) highly centralized collaborative networks help to improve the efficiency of the reorganization, renewal, and innovation of the village system, but the collective action outcome depends on the leadership and spatial relationships of the central actors; and (4) social memory and human capital are the most important system elements needed to exploit technology-driven windows of opportunity and achieve strong sustainability. These results provide important insights for enhancing rural systems’ capacity to self-organize and capturing windows of opportunity to achieve sustainable development.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136008747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Local ecological knowledge and multidisciplinary approach lead to discovery of hidden biodiversity in the deep ocean of Labrador, Canada 当地生态知识和多学科方法导致在加拿大拉布拉多深海发现隐藏的生物多样性

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14325-280404

David Cote, Bárbara Neves, Joey Angnatok, Wilfred Bartlett, Evan Edinger, Lauren Gullage, Rodd Laing, Alexandre Normandeau, Vonda Hayes, Owen Sherwood, Maxime Geoffroy

{"title":"Local ecological knowledge and multidisciplinary approach lead to discovery of hidden biodiversity in the deep ocean of Labrador, Canada","authors":"David Cote, Bárbara Neves, Joey Angnatok, Wilfred Bartlett, Evan Edinger, Lauren Gullage, Rodd Laing, Alexandre Normandeau, Vonda Hayes, Owen Sherwood, Maxime Geoffroy","doi":"10.5751/es-14325-280404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14325-280404","url":null,"abstract":"International commitments to preserve global biodiversity target the protection of 30% of marine habitats by 2030. The lack of even basic knowledge of many marine areas (e.g., deep oceans) combined with short timelines require integrative knowledge and multidisciplinary techniques to be used to efficiently identify areas worthy of protection. Here we outline a case study of the discovery of the Makkovik Hanging Gardens found in a deep-water trough in coastal Labrador, Canada. The area is of ecological significance because it supports high densities of vulnerable marine ecosystem indicator taxa, including the gorgonian coral <em>Primnoa resedaeformis</em> on portions of its vertical submarine walls. This study illustrates the exploratory process initiated by Nunatsiavut, which integrated local knowledge, scientific models, and a variety of technologies (such as remotely operated vehicles and multibeam sonar) to discover deep-water hidden biodiversity toward the advancement of both local Indigenous and global conservation goals.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136303647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Heterogeneity in climate change beliefs across New Zealand’s rural sector 新西兰农村地区气候变化信念的异质性

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14382-280410

Sabrina Swerdloff, Dennis Wesselbaum, Philip Stahlmann-Brown

引用次数: 0

Leverage points and levers of inclusive conservation in protected areas 保护区包容性保护的杠杆点和杠杆

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14366-280407

Miguel Cebrián-Piqueras, Ignacio Palomo, Veronica Lo, María D. López-Rodríguez, Anna Filyushkina, Marie Fischborn, Christopher Raymond, Tobias Plieninger

{"title":"Leverage points and levers of inclusive conservation in protected areas","authors":"Miguel Cebrián-Piqueras, Ignacio Palomo, Veronica Lo, María D. López-Rodríguez, Anna Filyushkina, Marie Fischborn, Christopher Raymond, Tobias Plieninger","doi":"10.5751/es-14366-280407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14366-280407","url":null,"abstract":"Inclusive conservation approaches that effectively conserve biodiversity while improving human well-being are gaining traction in the face of the sixth mass extinction of biodiversity. Despite much theorization on the governance of inclusive conservation, empirical research on its practical implementation is urgently needed. Here, using a correlation network analysis and drawing on empirical results from 263 sites described on the web platform of the PANORAMA initiative (IUCN), we inductively identified global clusters of conservation outcomes in protected and conserved areas. These clusters represent five conservation foci or archetypes, namely (i) community-based conservation, (ii) sustainable management, (iii) conflict resolution, (iv) multi-level and co-governance, and (v) environmental protection and nature’s contribution to people. Our empirical approach further revealed that some dimensions of inclusive conservation are crucial as leverage points to manage protected areas related to these clusters successfully, namely improvements in the socio-cultural context and social cohesion, enhancing the status and participation of youth, women, and minorities, improved human health, empowerment of local communities, or reestablishment of dialogue and trust. We highlight inclusive interventions such as education and capacity building, development of alliances and partnerships, and enabling sustainable livelihoods, or governance arrangements led by Indigenous peoples and local communities or private actors, as levers to promote positive transformations in the social-ecological systems of protected areas. We argue that although some of the leverage points we identified are less targeted in current protected area management, they can represent powerful areas of intervention to enhance social and ecological outcomes in protected areas.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":"58 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135159729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Strategies of the Sámi movement in Sweden: mobilization around grievances related to the ecological conditions of reindeer pastoralism, 2012–2022 瑞典Sámi运动的策略:围绕与驯鹿畜牧业生态条件有关的不满动员，2012-2022

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14434-280408

David Harnesk

引用次数: 1

Assessing long-term conservation impacts on adaptive capacity in a flagship community-based natural resources management area in Botswana 评估博茨瓦纳旗舰社区自然资源管理区对适应能力的长期保护影响

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14487-280412

Lin Cassidy, Narcisa Pricope, Forrest Stevens, Jonathan Salerno, David Parry, Michael Murray-Hudson, Joel Hartter, Andrea Gaughan

{"title":"Assessing long-term conservation impacts on adaptive capacity in a flagship community-based natural resources management area in Botswana","authors":"Lin Cassidy, Narcisa Pricope, Forrest Stevens, Jonathan Salerno, David Parry, Michael Murray-Hudson, Joel Hartter, Andrea Gaughan","doi":"10.5751/es-14487-280412","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14487-280412","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past three decades community-based natural resources management (CBNRM) has sought to address the concurrent needs of economic development and ecological protection at the local level, but there is often strong divergence between development and conservation interests and successes. In particular, CBNRM has not always led to expected socioeconomic outcomes, while information of its impact on human well-being at household level is sparse. In Botswana, most communities do not disburse benefits from CBNRM ventures to households. This leads to an inherent scale mismatch that arises because the costs of living with wildlife are felt at the household level, while the benefits are paid out at the community or village level. We use longitudinal data from two household surveys conducted 22 years apart to assess if benefits from the Botswana model of CBNRM have increased household-level adaptive capacity for those living with wildlife. We take a livelihoods capital approach to develop indicators of adaptive capacity and measure how livelihood diversity, inequality, and adaptive capacity have changed in five communities in northern Botswana between 1995 and 2017. Our analyses confirm the findings of qualitative reviews and suggest that CBNRM is under-performing in its contribution to improved household-level adaptive capacity. CBNRM cannot be said to benefit communities if the majority of community members do not experience increased well-being. We therefore recommend restructuring the governance models of CBNRM and other community conservation approaches to ensure that benefits are more directly targeted to actively participating households.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":"161 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134889829","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Artistic practice, public awareness, and the ngahere: art–science–Indigenous Māori collaborations for raising awareness of threats to native forests 艺术实践、公众意识和ngahere:艺术-科学-土著Māori合作，提高对原生森林威胁的认识

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14479-280413

Molly Mullen, Sophia Jerram, Mark Harvey, Nick Waipara, Chervelle Athena

引用次数: 0

Shaping garden landscape with medicinal plants by migrant communities in the Atlantic Forest, Argentina 阿根廷大西洋森林的移民社区用药用植物塑造花园景观

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14633-280414

Monika Kujawska, N. David Jiménez-Escobar

{"title":"Shaping garden landscape with medicinal plants by migrant communities in the Atlantic Forest, Argentina","authors":"Monika Kujawska, N. David Jiménez-Escobar","doi":"10.5751/es-14633-280414","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14633-280414","url":null,"abstract":"Migrants’ home gardens may be created from elements of both old and new landscapes. We assume that medicinal plant assemblages in migrants’ gardens are shaped by plant diversity and availability, therapeutic needs, and heritagization processes. Which of the factors prevail: those related to biodiversity and ecology, epidemiology, or heritage and memory? In this paper we offer new knowledge on the garden landscapes of the Global South. The research was conducted in the Atlantic Forest in Argentina. We surveyed 120 home gardens: 60 of transborder Paraguayan migrants, and 60 of transcontinental Europeans who arrived in Misiones, Argentina before WW2 and their descendants. We compared the richness, composition, medicinal uses, and the relationships of garden plants (via plant networks) between these groups, taking into account everyday scales and the transnational scale. Paraguayans cultivated and protected 137 species, predominantly native, and people of European origin 119 spp., native and exotic in similar proportions. The similarity in plant composition (68%) and the consensus in the medicinal use of plants (62%) were high between the migrant groups. Plant network analysis revealed many overlaps in assemblages of plants, but certain particularities of each group remained because of cultural expressions and therapeutic needs. This high level of similarity suggests that plant diversity, both native and allochthonous, shared concepts of illness, and the flux of knowledge between these groups was more significant than heritagization practices in shaping home gardens’ medicinal plant assemblages. People of Paraguayan and European origins do not make an active effort to convert their home gardens into heritage. Medicinal plants are connected to the lived emplacement—intimate daily practices—rather than to ethnic identity strategies. Nevertheless, the plant assemblages in gardens have been shaped by ecology, colonial legacy, nostalgia, and transfer of knowledge; therefore migrants’ home gardens can be considered heritage in a broad sense.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135610165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Understanding stakeholder perceptions of environmental justice: a study of tourism in the Erhai Lake basin, Yunnan province, China 理解利益相关者对环境正义的看法:基于云南洱海流域旅游业的研究

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14424-280401

Li Peng, Linsi He, Mengting Shen, Min Zhao, Christopher Armatas

{"title":"Understanding stakeholder perceptions of environmental justice: a study of tourism in the Erhai Lake basin, Yunnan province, China","authors":"Li Peng, Linsi He, Mengting Shen, Min Zhao, Christopher Armatas","doi":"10.5751/es-14424-280401","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14424-280401","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental justice is an important component of sustainable tourism, but stakeholder perspectives related to environmental justice may vary. Using Q-methodology, we investigated different stakeholder perceptions related to environmental justice within the context of tourism and ecological restoration. Specifically, in the Erhai Lake basin, China, we explore perspectives around an ecological restoration effort that included the government mandated closure of 1900 establishments (inns and restaurants) in response to environmental degradation. We identify and explore four environmental justice perspectives: the togetherness, protection, operator loss, and local loss perspectives. These four perspectives are contextualized within three dimensions of environmental justice (i.e., distribution, recognition, and participation). Our findings highlight differing views related to who is affected most by the inn closures (e.g., future generations, local residents, inn owners), and general consensus related to the outcomes of the process being more important than the process itself. Finally, we discuss potential reasons for these differing perspectives and recommend ways to improve environmental justice among different stakeholders. This research can facilitate sustainable development of tourism by highlighting the facets of ecological restoration policy implementation most important to stakeholders, including recognition of diverse stakeholder concerns and identities, clear and well supported rationale for policy design, and increased equity in the distribution of costs and benefits of policies.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136002891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Application of maximum entropy (MaxEnt) to understand the spatial dimension of human–wildlife conflict (HWC) risk in areas adjacent to Gonarezhou National Park of Zimbabwe 应用最大熵(MaxEnt)了解津巴布韦戈纳雷周国家公园周边地区人类与野生动物冲突风险的空间维度

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14420-280318

Mark Zvidzai, Knowledge Mawere, Rodney N'andu, Henry Ndaimani, Chenjerai Zanamwe, Fadzai Zengeya

引用次数: 0