Ecology and Society最新文献_第9页

Motivations and sensitivities surrounding the illegal trade of sea turtles in Costa Rica 哥斯达黎加非法海龟贸易的动机和敏感性

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14296-280415

Helen Pheasey, Richard Griffiths, Eleni Matechou, David Roberts

引用次数: 0

A ten-year community reporting database reveals rising coyote boldness and associated human concern in Edmonton, Canada 一项为期十年的社区报告数据库显示，在加拿大埃德蒙顿，土狼的胆子越来越大，人们也越来越担心

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14015-280219

Jonathan Farr, Matthew Pruden, Robin Glover, Maureen Murray, Scott Sugden, Howard Harshaw, Colleen Cassady St. Clair

{"title":"A ten-year community reporting database reveals rising coyote boldness and associated human concern in Edmonton, Canada","authors":"Jonathan Farr, Matthew Pruden, Robin Glover, Maureen Murray, Scott Sugden, Howard Harshaw, Colleen Cassady St. Clair","doi":"10.5751/es-14015-280219","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14015-280219","url":null,"abstract":"In cities throughout North America, sightings of coyotes (Canis latrans) have become common. Reports of human-coyote conflict are also rising, as is the public demand for proactive management to prevent negative human-coyote interactions. Effective and proactive management can be informed by the direct observations of community members, who can report their interactions with coyotes and describe the location, time, and context that led to their interactions. To better understand the circumstances that can predict human-coyote conflict, we used a web-based reporting system to collect 9134 community-supplied reports of coyotes in Edmonton, Canada, between January 2012 and December 2021. We used a standardized ordinal ranking system to score each report on two indicators of human-coyote conflict: coyote boldness, based on the reported coyote behavior, and human concern about coyotes, determined from the emotions or perceptions about coyotes expressed by reporters. We assigned greater scores to behaviors where coyotes followed, approached, charged, or contacted pets or people, and to perceptions where reporters expressed fear, worry, concern, discomfort or alarm. Using ordered logistic regression and chi-square tests, we compared boldness and concern scores to spatial, temporal, and contextual predictors. Our analysis showed that coyotes were bolder in less developed open areas and during the pup-rearing season, but human concern was higher in residential areas and during the dispersal season. Reports that mentioned dogs or cats were more likely to describe bolder coyote behavior, and those that mentioned pets or children had more negative perceptions about coyotes. Coyote boldness and human concern both indicated rising human-coyote conflict in Edmonton over the 10 years of reporting.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135180979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

The ecological success of river restoration in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada: lessons learned 加拿大纽芬兰和拉布拉多河生态恢复的成功:经验教训

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14379-280320

Skylar Skinner, Anastasia Addai, Stephen Decker, Michael van Zyll de Jong

{"title":"The ecological success of river restoration in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada: lessons learned","authors":"Skylar Skinner, Anastasia Addai, Stephen Decker, Michael van Zyll de Jong","doi":"10.5751/es-14379-280320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14379-280320","url":null,"abstract":"Despite millions of dollars being spent annually to restore degraded river ecosystems, there exist relatively few assessments of the ecological effectiveness of projects. An evidence-based synthesis was conducted to describe river restoration activities in Newfoundland and Labrador. The synthesis identified 170 river restoration projects between 1949 and 2020. A practitioner’s survey was conducted on a subset of 91 projects to evaluate ecological success. When the perceived success of managers was compared to an independent assessment of ecological success, 82% of respondents believe the projects to be completely or somewhat successful whereas only 41% of projects were evaluated as ecologically successful through an independent assessment. Only 11% of practitioners’ evaluations used ecological indicators, yet managers of 66% of projects reported improvements in river ecosystems. This contradiction reveals a lack of the application of evidence to support value-based judgments by practitioners. Despite reporting that monitoring data were used in the assessment it is doubtful that any meaningful ecological assessment was conducted. If we are to improve the science of river restoration, projects must demonstrate evidence of ecological success to qualify as sound restoration. River restoration is a necessary tool to ensure the sustainability of river ecosystems. The assessment conducted in this study suggests that our approach to planning, designing, implementing, monitoring, and evaluating projects needs to improve. An integrated-systems view that gives attention to stakeholders’ values and scientific information concerning the potential consequences of alternative restoration actions on key ecosystem indicators is required.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135599466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mai Ka Pō Mai: applying Indigenous cosmology and worldview to empower and transform a management plan for Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument Mai Ka pgi Mai:运用土著宇宙观和世界观来授权和改变Papahānaumokuākea海洋国家纪念碑的管理计划

2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.5751/es-14280-280321

Kalani Quiocho, Kekuewa Kikiloi, Keoni Kuoha, Alyssa Miller, Brad Kaʻaleleo Wong, Hōkū Kaʻaekuahiwi Pousima, Pelika Andrade, ʻAulani Wilhelm

{"title":"Mai Ka Pō Mai: applying Indigenous cosmology and worldview to empower and transform a management plan for Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument","authors":"Kalani Quiocho, Kekuewa Kikiloi, Keoni Kuoha, Alyssa Miller, Brad Kaʻaleleo Wong, Hōkū Kaʻaekuahiwi Pousima, Pelika Andrade, ʻAulani Wilhelm","doi":"10.5751/es-14280-280321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-14280-280321","url":null,"abstract":"Environmental conservation management planning has an important role in creating conditions for social learning, adaptive governance, and improvements for co-management arrangements with Indigenous peoples. Incorporating Indigenous cosmologies, worldviews, and epistemologies within management planning processes can enable factors that support appropriate management practices for protected areas considered to be sacred natural sites by Indigenous peoples. Here, we review processes and outcomes of management planning led by Native Hawaiians with various positionalities that resulted in the Mai Ka Pō Mai Native Hawaiian Guidance Document for the Management of the Papahānaumokuākea Marine National Monument. As we look back to look forward, we highlight the factors that supported knowledge co-production and expanded opportunities to develop management planning and evaluation processes informed by Hawaiian place-based knowledge and human-nature relations of care and reciprocity. These include collaborative approaches, long-term commitment to community and institution capacity-building; an enabling policy environment; and diverse and consistent involvement of Native Hawaiians.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135701626","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Reviewing the relationship between neoliberal societies and nature: implications of the industrialized dominant social paradigm for a sustainable future. 回顾新自由主义社会与自然之间的关系:工业化主导社会范式对可持续未来的影响。

IF 4.1 2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.5751/ES-13134-270207

Jeanne M Bogert, Jacintha Ellers, Stephan Lewandowsky, Meena M Balgopal, Jeffrey A Harvey

{"title":"Reviewing the relationship between neoliberal societies and nature: implications of the industrialized dominant social paradigm for a sustainable future.","authors":"Jeanne M Bogert, Jacintha Ellers, Stephan Lewandowsky, Meena M Balgopal, Jeffrey A Harvey","doi":"10.5751/ES-13134-270207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-13134-270207","url":null,"abstract":"How a society relates to nature is shaped by the dominant social paradigm (DSP): a society's collective view on social, economic, political, and environmental issues. The characteristics of the DSP have important consequences for natural systems and their conservation. Based on a synthesis of academic literature, we provide a new gradient of 12 types of human-nature relationships synthesized from scientific literature, and an analysis of where the DSP of industrialized, and more specifically, neoliberal societies fit on that gradient. We aim to answer how the industrialized DSP relates to nature, i.e., what types of human-nature relationships this DSP incorporates, and what the consequences of these relationships are for nature conservation and a sustainable future. The gradient of human-nature relationships is based on three defining characteristics: (1) a nature-culture divide, (2) core values, and (3) being anthropocentric or ecocentric. We argue that the industrialized DSP includes elements of the anthropocentric relationships of mastery, utilization, detachment, and stewardship. It therefore regards nature and culture as separate, is mainly driven by instrumental values, and drives detachment from and commodification of nature. Consequently, most green initiatives and policies driven by an industrialized and neoliberal DSP are based on economic incentives and economic growth, without recognition of the needs and limits of natural systems. This leads to environmental degradation and social inequality, obstructing the path to a truly sustainable society. To reach a more ecocentric DSP, systemic changes, in addition to individual changes, in the political and economic structures of the industrialized DSP are needed, along with a change in values and approach toward nature, long-term sustainability, and conservation.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7613825/pdf/EMS156629.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40476457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Looking at hidden connections to explore adaptive capacity of cultural landscape systems: case studies of four landcare associations in Germany 寻找隐藏的联系来探索文化景观系统的适应能力——德国四个土地保护协会的案例研究

IF 4.1 2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.5751/ES-12470-260411

Hyunjin Park, Claudia Bieling

{"title":"Looking at hidden connections to explore adaptive capacity of cultural landscape systems: case studies of four landcare associations in Germany","authors":"Hyunjin Park, Claudia Bieling","doi":"10.5751/ES-12470-260411","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12470-260411","url":null,"abstract":"Adaptive capacity indicates the capacity to cope with and adapt to a disturbance in a complex social-ecological system. Cultural landscapes can be understood as such systems that are confronted with land abandonment and agricultural intensification as key disturbances. However, responses to such cultural landscape loss have not been systematically investigated so far in terms of adaptive capacity. Taking this gap as a starting point and following a context-sensitive approach, this study addresses the question: how can the adaptive capacity of cultural landscape systems for a disturbance such as land abandonment be understood? We answer this question through a comparative case study of four landcare associations in Germany. A conceptual framework that distinguishes between coping and adaptation responses and allows for the analysis of different levels of fit of responses is used. Management of abandoned agricultural land, the establishment of cultural landscape features, provision of consultation and mediation services, and machinery are implemented as coping responses by the four associations. Adaptation responses include the organization of events, public relations work, education, regional brand promotion, lobbying work, and the promotion of regional products. The interactions between the responses that have either synergetic or counterproductive effects were identified. The results of this study emphasize the fit between different responses as an important factor for understanding the adaptive capacity of cultural landscape systems in addition to investing in coping and adaptation responses in isolation. In this sense, adaptive capacity needs to be understood not only in terms of coping (short-term adaptive capacity) and adaptation responses (longer-term adaptive capacity) but also through a good fit, which reduces trade-offs between responses and thus offers a broader range of future options. We conclude by calling for a holistic analysis of different responses to a disturbance that takes account of their fit.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42868495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Automated content analysis of the Hawaiʻi small boat fishery survey reveals nuanced, evolving conflicts 对夏威夷夏威夷小船渔业调查的自动内容分析揭示了微妙的、不断演变的冲突

IF 4.1 2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.5751/ES-12708-260409

A. Suan, Kirsten M. Leong, K. Oleson

{"title":"Automated content analysis of the Hawaiʻi small boat fishery survey reveals nuanced, evolving conflicts","authors":"A. Suan, Kirsten M. Leong, K. Oleson","doi":"10.5751/ES-12708-260409","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12708-260409","url":null,"abstract":"Manual content analysis provides a systematic and reliable method to analyze patterns within a narrative text, but for larger datasets, where human coding is not feasible, automated content analysis methods present enticing and time-efficient solutions to classifying patterns of text automatically. However, the massive dataset needed and complexity of analyzing these large datasets have hindered their use in fishery science. Fishery scientists typically deal with intermediately sized datasets that are not large enough to warrant the complexity of sophisticated automated techniques, but that are also not small enough to cost-effectively analyze by hand. For these cases, a dictionary-based automated content analysis technique can potentially simplify the automation process without losing contextual sensitivity. Here, we built and tested a fisheries-specific data dictionary to conduct an automated content analysis of open-ended responses in a survey of the Hawaiʻi small boat fishery to examine the nature of the fishery conflict. In this paper we describe the overall performance of the methodology, creating and applying the dictionary to fishery data, as well as advantages and limitations of the method. The results indicate that the dictionary approach is capable of quickly and accurately classifying unstructured fisheries data into structured data, and that it was useful in revealing deeply rooted conflicts that are often ambiguous and overlooked in fisheries management. In addition to providing a proof of concept for the approach, the dictionary can be reused on subsequent waves of the survey to continue monitoring the evolution of these conflicts. Further, this approach can be applied within the field of fishery and natural resource conservation science more broadly, offering a valuable addition to the methodological toolbox.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42374996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Drawing on diverse knowledge systems to enhance local climate understanding in the southern Cape, South Africa 利用多样化的知识系统，增强对南非南开普省当地气候的理解

IF 4.1 2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2021-10-23 DOI: 10.5751/ES-12712-260410

C. D. Ward, G. Cundill, G. Midgley, A. Jarre

{"title":"Drawing on diverse knowledge systems to enhance local climate understanding in the southern Cape, South Africa","authors":"C. D. Ward, G. Cundill, G. Midgley, A. Jarre","doi":"10.5751/ES-12712-260410","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-12712-260410","url":null,"abstract":"By overlaying terrestrial and marine perspectives, we examine complex system change at the local scale of the southern Cape and Agulhas Bank in South Africa through placing different knowledge bases on climate variability alongside each other. This research adds insights into how social components of complex systems interact with environmental change and contributes to confirming environmental regime shifts in the research area; identifying knowledge disconnects for ecosystem services linked to terrestrial water availability; and highlights scale disconnects in fisher observations in nearand off-shore change. The benefits of examining these diverse bodies of knowledge in parallel across terrestrial and marine systems are evident in the synergies and disconnects that emerge from our integrative approach. Although impossible to eliminate uncertainty around projected climate variability and change, this multi-evidence base strengthens advice for evidence-based, strategic decision making that is locally relevant. The methodology pursued adds to the global learning on overlaying multiple bodies of knowledge in support of sustainability.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42539917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Panarchy and management of lake ecosystems. 湖泊生态系统的层级与管理。

IF 4.1 2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2021-10-22 DOI: 10.5751/es-12690-260407

David G Angeler, Craig R Allen, Ahjond Garmestani, Lance Gunderson, Richard K Johnson

{"title":"Panarchy and management of lake ecosystems.","authors":"David G Angeler, Craig R Allen, Ahjond Garmestani, Lance Gunderson, Richard K Johnson","doi":"10.5751/es-12690-260407","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5751/es-12690-260407","url":null,"abstract":"A key challenge of the Anthropocene is to confront the dynamic complexity of systems of people and nature to guide robust interventions and adaptations across spatiotemporal scales. Panarchy, a concept rooted in resilience theory, accounts for this complexity, having at its core multiscale organization, interconnectedness of scales, and dynamic system structure at each scale. Despite the increasing use of panarchy in sustainability research, quantitative tests of its premises are scarce, particularly as they pertain to management consequences in ecosystems. In this study we compared the physicochemical environment of managed (limed) and minimally disturbed reference lakes and used time series modeling and correlation analyses to test the premises of panarchy theory: (1) that both lake types show dynamic structure at multiple temporal scales, (2) that this structure differs between lake types due to liming interacting with the natural disturbance regime of lakes, and (3) that liming manifests across temporal scales due to cross-scale connectivity. Hypotheses 1 and 3 were verified whereas support for hypothesis 2 was ambiguous. The literature suggests that liming is a \"command-and-control\" management form that fails to foster self-organization manifested in lakes returning to pre-liming conditions once management is ceased. In this context, our results suggest that redundance of liming footprints across scales, a feature contributing to resilience, in the physicochemical environment alone may not be enough to create a self-organizing limed lake regime. Further research studying the broader biophysical lake environment, including ecological communities of pelagic and benthic habitats, will contribute to a better understanding of managed lake panarchies. Such insight may further our knowledge of ecosystem management in general and of limed lakes in particular.","PeriodicalId":51028,"journal":{"name":"Ecology and Society","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2021-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8597579/pdf/nihms-1753685.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39643454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Comparing adaptive capacity of Arctic communities responding to environmental change 比较北极社区对环境变化的适应能力

IF 4.1 2区社会学

Ecology and Society Pub Date : 2021-09-09 DOI: 10.5751/ES-12304-260322

M. Berman, Jennifer I. Schmidt, G. Kofinas

引用次数: 2