Journal of Clinical Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Re-Evaluation of Cardiovascular Disease Risk and Primary Prevention Treatments with Coronary Artery Calcium Scoring in Primary Prevention Patients","authors":"Abdulla Arslan, Fatih Aytemiz, İclal Işıklar, Öykü Gülmez Özkaya","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144125","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144125","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The coronary artery calcium score (CACS) is used as a screening tool to identify the presence/absence of subclinical atherosclerosis in asymptomatic individuals. We evaluated the risk categories and medical therapy of asymptomatic individuals with subclinical atherosclerosis (CACS > 0) and applied the atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) score and Framingham risk score (FRS) to assess those at a high risk of subclinical atherosclerosis (CACS ≥ 400). Methods: We retrospectively enrolled 218 asymptomatic individuals (65.6% women, and mean age 67.5 ± 10.3 years) who had their CACS evaluated at the cardiovascular department of our hospital between 2016 and 2020. Results: Among the 218 participants, 24.3% were classified as low-risk according to the FRS, and 19.3% had no subclinical atherosclerosis. However, only 12.8% and 27.5% of the study population were taking statins and aspirin, respectively. Furthermore, although more than half of the individuals without subclinical atherosclerosis were in the intermediate- and high-risk groups according to the risk scores, there were no considerable differences in the rates of taking aspirin and statins between the groups. When patients in the very-high-risk group according to the CACS and low-intermediate-risk patients were compared, there was no considerable difference in the rates of risk subgroups and taking statins, whereas high-risk patients took statistically significantly more aspirin. Conclusions: In primary prevention screening, CACS can be used as a reliable marker of subclinical ASCVD and help physicians optimize and improve adherence to medical therapy, including aspirin and statins, particularly for high-risk individuals.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical and Patient Reported Outcomes of an Optimized Trifocal Intraocular Lens","authors":"A. Cano-Ortiz, Á. Sánchez-Ventosa, Marta Villalba-González, T. González-Cruces, J. J. Prados-Carmona, Vanesa Díaz-Mesa, David P. Piñero, Alberto Villarrubia-Cuadrado","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144133","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144133","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: To evaluate the clinical and patient-reported outcomes (PROMs) obtained with an optimized version of a previously investigated trifocal IOL. Methods: Prospective non-comparative single-center study enrolling 29 patients (55–71 years) undergoing bilateral cataract surgery with implantation of the trifocal diffractive IOL Liberty 677CMY (Medicontur Medical Engineering Ltd., Zsámbék, Hungary). Visual and refractive outcomes as well as PROMs were evaluated during a 3-month follow-up: measurement of uncorrected and corrected distance (UDVA, CDVA), intermediate (UIVA, DCIVA) and near visual acuities (UNVA, DCNVA), defocus curve, patient satisfaction, photic phenomena perception, spectacle independence, and difficulty in performing some vision-related activities. Results: A total of 100%, 92%, and 80% of patients achieved a postoperative binocular UDVA, UIVA, and UNVA of 20/25 or better, respectively. Likewise, 100%, 80%, and 84% of patients achieved a postoperative binocular CDVA, DCIVA, and DCNVA of 20/25 or better, respectively. In the defocus curve, all mean visual acuity values were better than 0.15 logMAR for all defocus levels. A total of 95.8%, 95.8%, and 91.7% of patients referred to be satisfied with their distance, intermediate, and near visual vision, respectively. Mean overall Catquest Rasch calibrated score was −3.12 ± 0.98. Most of the patients were spectacle independent: far (95.8%), intermediate (95.8%) or near vision (91.7%). No bothersome or minimal to moderately bothersome halo, starburst, and glare was perceived by 83.3%, 83.4%, and 83.3% of patients, respectively. Conclusions: The trifocal IOL evaluated provides a visual acuity improvement, with high levels of spectacle independence, patient satisfaction, and perceived visual quality associated.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"26 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Decreased Cerebral Creatine and N-Acetyl Aspartate Concentrations after Severe COVID-19 Infection: A Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy Study","authors":"Jelena Ostojic, D. Kozic, Sergej M. Ostojic, Aleksandra DJ Ilic, Vladimir Galic, J. Matijašević, Dusan Dragicevic, Otto Barak, J. Boban","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144128","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate brain metabolism using MR spectroscopy (MRS) after recovery from Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) and to test the impact of disease severity on brain metabolites. Methods: We performed MRS on 81 individuals (45 males, 36 females, aged 40–60), who had normal MRI findings and had recovered from COVID-19, classifying them into mild (17), moderate (36), and severe (28) groups based on disease severity during the acute phase. The study employed two-dimensional spectroscopic imaging above the corpus callosum, focusing on choline (Cho), creatine (Cr), and N-acetylaspartate (NAA). We analyzed Cho/Cr and NAA/Cr ratios as well as absolute concentrations using water as an internal reference. Results: Results indicated that the Cho/Cr ratio was higher with increasing disease severity, while absolute Cho and NAA/Cr ratios showed no significant differences across the groups. Notably, absolute Cr and NAA levels were significantly lower in patients with severe disease. Conclusions: These findings suggest that the severity of COVID-19 during the acute phase is associated with significant changes in brain metabolism, marked by an increase in Cho/Cr ratios and a reduction in Cr and NAA levels, reflecting substantial metabolic alterations post-recovery.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141646394","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Total Hip Arthroplasty Complications in Sickle Cell Disease: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis","authors":"Fareed F. Alfaya, R. Ghazy, E. A. Hammouda, A. Mahfouz, H. Faya, Mohammed Abdulrahman M Asiri, Osama Hasan M. Alalmaie, N. Y. Alshahrani, Ali Zafer A Alqahtani, Abdulaziz Y. Alshahrani, S. Abdelmoneim","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144129","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144129","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Microvascular occlusions caused by sickle-shaped erythrocytes in patients with sickle cell disease (SCD) can lead to increased intraoperative and postoperative complications during total hip arthroplasty (THA). This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the overall rate of complications following THA in patients with SCD and to identify the predictors of these complications including the surgical approach. Methods: The search was conducted across the grey literature, Google Scholar, and seven databases: Scopus, MEDLINE Central/PubMed, ProQuest, SciELO, SAGE, and Web of Science. All observational studies reporting the proportional THA complications in SCD were included. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to assess the quality of the studies. The random effect model was applied to estimate the pooled outcomes. A sub-group analysis for the different approaches was performed. A sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were used to explain heterogeneity and to identify the THA complication predictors. Results: Of 3230 citations, only 23 studies were eligible for the meta-analysis. The pooled proportion of total primary THA complications in patients with SCD was 42% (95% CI: 30–56%, I2 = 95%). The sub-group analysis highlighted the anterolateral approach as the approach accompanied with the least complications. The meta-regression revealed that the anterolateral approach decreases the complications significantly, −28.67 (95%CI, −56.45–−0.88, p = 0.044), while the number of hips increased the complications by 0.43 (95%CI, 0.30–0.57, p < 0.001). Male gender, age, lateral approach, and HbSS non-significantly affect the THA complications in SCD 52.05, 0.18, 6.06, and 55.78, respectively. The pooled proportions for an SCD crisis 9% (95%CI, 5–14%, I2 = 61%), dislocation 4% (95%CI: 2–7%, I2 = 66%), aseptic loosening 12% (95%CI, 7–20%, I2 = 91%), revision 6% (3–11, I2 = 92%), heterotopic ossification 12% (95%CI, 3–35%, I2 = 95%), and prosthetic joint infection (PJI) 6% (95%CI, 3–11%, I2 = 92%). The most fitted model of meta-regression illustrated that HbSS significantly increases PJI, 0.05 (95%CI: 0.02–0.08, p = 0.009), and male gender and age non-significantly increase PJI, 2.28 (95%CI: −4.99–13.56, p = 0.311) and 0.001 (95%CI: −0.27–0.27, p = 0.990), respectively. Meanwhile, the anterolateral, lateral, and posterior approaches non-significantly decrease PJI, −3.55, −0.92, and −1.27, respectively. The pooled proportion for a sickle cell disease crisis after revision was 16% (95%CI: 6–36%, I2 = 0) and for aseptic loosening after revision, it was 24% (95%CI: 12–43%, I2 = 0). Conclusions: This study revealed the high rate of complications in patients with SCD and highlighted that the anterolateral approach was associated with the lowest rate of complications. Furthermore, this study illustrated that homozygous (HbSS) individuals are more susceptible to prosthetic joint infection.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"107 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141647431","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Fully Automated Measurement of Cobb Angles in Coronal Plane Spine Radiographs","authors":"Kenneth Chen, C. Stotter, T. Klestil, J. Mitterer, C. Lepenik, S. Nehrer","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144122","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144122","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: scoliosis is a three-dimensional structural deformity characterized by lateral and rotational curvature of the spine. The current gold-standard method to assess scoliosis is the measurement of lateral curvature of the spine using the Cobb angle in coronal plane radiographs. The interrater variability for Cobb angle measurements reaches up to 10°. The purpose of this study was to describe and assess the performance of a fully automated method for measuring Cobb angles using a commercially available artificial intelligence (AI) model trained on over 17,000 images, and investigate its interrater/intrarater agreement with a reference standard. Methods: in total, 196 AP/PA full-spine radiographs were included in this study. A reference standard was established by four radiologists, defined as the median of their Cobb angle measurements. Independently, an AI-based software, IB Lab SQUIRREL (version 1.0), also performed Cobb angle measurements on the same radiographs. Results: after comparing the readers’ Cobb angle end vertebrae selection to the AI’s outputs, 194 curvatures were considered valid for performance assessment, displaying an accuracy of 88.58% in end vertebrae selection. The AI’s performance showed very low absolute bias, with a mean difference and standard deviation of differences from the reference standard of 0.16° ± 0.35° in the Cobb angle measurements. The ICC comparing the reference standard and the AI’s measurements was 0.97. Conclusions: the AI model demonstrated good results in the determination of end vertebrae and excellent results in automated Cobb angle measurements compared to radiologists and could serve as a reliable tool in clinical practice and research.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"22 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141645719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Survey on Parkinson’s Disease Diagnosis Impact: Patients, Caregivers and Health Care Professionals’ Perspectives","authors":"Stela Dodaj, Margherita Fabbri, Anne Doé de Maindreville, Alexandra Foubert-Samier, Marie-Claire Toussaint, Nicolas Carrière, Jeanne Lopez, Marine Giroud, Virginie Sattler, A. Gerdelat, Guillaume Baille, Jean Denis Turc, Christel Barthelemy, Charlotte Scotto d Apollonia, Marie Helene Fabre, Elina Eytier, Claire Thierez, Frédérique Fluchère, F. Ory-Magne","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144118","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144118","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The announcement of Parkinson’s disease (PD) diagnosis may provoke negative feelings that impact the ability to cope with the disease and all life changes related to this new condition. There are scarce data on how to improve communication about PD diagnosis and which factors may influence this outcome. Methods: We performed a national French survey, investigating the diagnosis announcement impact on a large population of people living with PD (PwPD), who recently received the diagnosis (≤1 year since PD diagnosis), and on related caregivers and health care professionals (HCPs), from tertiary and community-based hospitals. Results: A total of 397 PwPD (45% female and 82% > 50 years old), 192 caregivers and 120 HCPs (69% neurologists) completed the questionnaire. The diagnosis was not expected by about 60% of PwPD and induced negative feelings in the majority (82%) of them. Negative feelings that PwPD experience in the moment of the diagnosis announcement were related with male gender [OR = 2.034, CI 95% 1.09–3.78; p = 0.025] and older age [OR = 1.05, CI 95% 1.01–1.08; p = 0.004], while tremor as the first symptom had a threshold significance [OR = 1.78, CI 95% 0.994–3.187; p = 0.052]. Half of the PwPD and caregivers considered that they did not receive enough information and one third had a short-term appointment to rediscuss the diagnosis. A total of 82% of PwPD expressed the willingness to have a multidisciplinary follow-up (PD nurse, psychologists). Only 24% of the HCPs had been trained for PD announcement. Conclusions: The way a PD diagnosis is delivered represents a pivotal moment in the journey of PwPD and caregivers. This process requires improvement in addressing the gaps expressed by PwPD, caregivers, and HCPs through a participatory approach.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"42 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650109","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Enhancing Urological Cancer Treatment: Leveraging Vasodilator Synergistic Potential with 5-FU for Improved Therapeutic Outcomes","authors":"Eduarda Ribeiro, Bárbara Costa, Lara Marques, Francisco Vasques-Nóvoa, Nuno Vale","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144113","url":null,"abstract":"Backgroud: This study investigates the potential of vasodilator drugs as additive therapy in the treatment of urological cancers, particularly in combination with the antineoplastic agent 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Methods: The study evaluated the cytotoxic effects of sildenafil, tezosentan and levosimendan alone and in combination with 5-FU on urological cancer cell lines. The assessment included MTT assays, colony formation assays and wound healing assays to determine cell viability, proliferative capacity, and migratory behavior, respectively. Results: Sildenafil and tezosentan showed limited cytotoxic effects, while levosimendan demonstrated moderate anticancer activity. The combination of levosimendan and 5-FU exhibited an additive interaction, enhancing cytotoxicity against cancer cells while sparing normal cells. Levosimendan also inhibited cell migration and proliferation, potentially through mechanisms involving the modulation of cAMP levels and nitric oxide production. Conclusions: The findings suggest that levosimendan can be used in conjunction with 5-FU to reduce the required dose of 5-FU, thereby minimizing side effects without compromising therapeutic efficacy. This study offers a new perspective for enhancing therapeutic outcomes in patients with urological cancers.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"57 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141650710","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Uremic Encephalopathy: Identifying Key Imaging Patterns and Clinical Correlations","authors":"F. Greco, Andrea Buoso, Laura Cea, Valerio D’Andrea, C. Bernetti, B. Beomonte Zobel, C. Mallio","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144092","url":null,"abstract":"Background/Objectives: Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is essential in diagnosing neurological conditions, offering detailed insights into brain pathology. Uremic encephalopathy (UE) is a severe neurological disorder resulting from renal failure, characterized by cognitive impairments and brain abnormalities due to the accumulation of uremic toxins (UTs). Despite extensive research on UTs, there is a significant gap in the detailed characterization of MRI findings in UE patients. This study aims to bridge this gap by conducting a comprehensive literature review of cerebral MRI findings in UE. We hypothesize that specific MRI patterns correlate with the severity and clinical manifestations of UE, thereby enhancing diagnostic accuracy and improving patient outcomes. Methods: A literature review was performed using PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar. The search terms included “uremic encephalopathy MRI”, “uremia and kidney failure MRI”, and “toxic and metabolic or acquired encephalopathies MRI”. The inclusion criteria were original articles on UE and MRI findings published in English. Results: Common MRI sequences include T1-weighted, T2-weighted, FLAIR, and DWI. Frequent MRI findings in UE are cytotoxic and vasogenic brain edema in regions such as the basal ganglia and periventricular white matter. Patterns like the “lentiform fork sign” and basal ganglia involvement are key indicators of UE. Conclusions: MRI plays a crucial role in diagnosing UE by identifying characteristic brain edema and specific patterns. A comprehensive diagnostic approach, incorporating clinical, laboratory, and imaging data, is essential for accurate diagnosis and management. The study calls for larger well-designed cohorts with long-term follow-up to improve the understanding and treatment of UE.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"46 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652871","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Spontaneous Sigmoid Colon Perforation and Ruptured Subserosal (“Zebra” Pattern) Small-Bowel Hematomas in Type IV Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome: A Case Report and a Short Review","authors":"Goran Augustin, Iva Radin, Tomislav Bubalo, Josip Mavrek, G. Pavlek","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144093","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144093","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Objectives: Spontaneous colonic perforations (SCPs) in teenagers and young adults are extremely rare. Common underlying conditions, such as colonic tumors and diverticulitis, are absent at that age. The vascular type of Ehlers–Danlos Syndrome (vEDS) is one cause of SCP. Methods: A 23-year-old male presented with an acute abdomen. The abdominal CT showed pneumoperitoneum with a large amount of fluid in the pelvis and abdomen, indicating hollow viscus rupture. At the level of the sigmoid colon, a defect in the intestinal wall and gas bubbles were seen. Results: Exploratory laparotomy confirmed sigmoid colon perforation without underlying pathology. Loop sigmoid colostomy was performed. Revisional surgery was undertaken due to clinical deterioration and intra-abdominal free fluid with small-bowel distension and air-liquid levels on abdominal CT 6 days later. Ileal subserosal hematomas were found, and many had ruptured, leaving a “zebra” pattern with lines of residual hematomas on the borders of subserosal hematomas. Genetic analysis confirmed vEDS. Conclusions: SCP in young adults or teenagers, in the absence of colonic disease, with clinical manifestations of connective tissue disorders should trigger genetic investigations for vEDS. SCP with a known vEDS could be treated with total colectomy to prevent further SCPs in the remaining colon. If segmental resections are performed, further SCP should be immediately excluded with any significant abdominal pain.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"35 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141655045","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical Intervention Strategies and Family Dynamics in Adolescent Eating Disorders: A Scoping Review for Enhancing Early Detection and Outcomes","authors":"E. Gkintoni, Elias Kourkoutas, Stephanos P. Vassilopoulos, Maria Mousi","doi":"10.3390/jcm13144084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/jcm13144084","url":null,"abstract":"Background: This systematic review investigated the impact of familial factors on individuals aged 10–17 who have clinical signs or symptoms of eating disorders. Simultaneously, it scrutinized the involvement of the family in therapy, as well as other forms of intervention. Methods: The PsycINFO, PubMed, and Scopus databases were used to search for research material comprehensively. After applying specific criteria, 46 articles were deemed suitable and included in the systematic review. The study comprised a cohort of 4794 adolescents who received a diagnosis of either Anorexia Nervosa (AN), Bulimia Nervosa (BN), or Binge-Eating Disorder (BED). In addition, controls were utilized for 1187 adolescents, 1563 parents, 1809 siblings, and 11 other relatives. Results: The connection between family factors and eating disorders is primarily determined by the families’ level of functioning, satisfaction with the family dynamic, parents’ attitudes toward their children, and the role of food within the family system. Family Therapy was the most used psychotherapeutic approach in the treatment of AN. The incidence of reports in BN closely paralleled that of Cognitive–Behavioral Therapy (CBT) models. Articles about (Enhanced) CBT were exclusively associated with BED. Conclusions: Family-based approaches are crucial in comprehending, preventing, and addressing eating disorders in adolescents. Incorporating the study of family dynamics and actively engaging families in the treatment process can significantly enhance recovery rates and decrease the occurrence of relapses.","PeriodicalId":510228,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Clinical Medicine","volume":"19 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141652133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}