Coastal Engineering最新文献

{"title":"A new framework for quantifying alongshore variability of swash motion using fully convolutional networks","authors":"Reza Salatin ,&nbsp;Qin Chen ,&nbsp;Britt Raubenheimer ,&nbsp;Steve Elgar ,&nbsp;Levi Gorrell ,&nbsp;Xin Li","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104542","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104542","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Waves running up and down the beach (‘swash’) at the landward edge of the ocean can cause changes to the beach topology, can erode dunes, and can result in inland flooding. Despite the importance of swash, field observations are difficult to obtain in the thin, bubbly, and potentially sediment laden fluid layers. Here, swash excursions along an Atlantic Ocean beach are estimated with a new framework, V-BeachNet, that uses a fully convolutional network to distinguish between sand and the moving edge of the wave in rapid sequences of images. V-BeachNet is trained with 16 randomly selected and manually segmented images of the swash zone, and is used to estimate swash excursions along 200 m of the shoreline by automatically segmenting four 1-h sequences of images that span a range of incident wave conditions. Data from a scanning lidar system are used to validate the swash estimates along a cross-shore transect within the camera field of view. V-BeachNet estimates of swash spectra, significant wave heights, and wave-driven setup (increases in the mean water level) agree with those estimated from the lidar data.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104542"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000905/pdfft?md5=e6868b432e8345386f64097e4fb2221f&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000905-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141138996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Parameterisation and evolution of non-breaking wave nonlinearity over flexible vegetation","authors":"Ying Zhao ,&nbsp;Zhong Peng ,&nbsp;Xianjin Chen ,&nbsp;Dan Fang ,&nbsp;Su Liu ,&nbsp;Xianye Wang ,&nbsp;Qing He","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104543","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104543","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Wave nonlinearity significantly influences wave attenuation and can cause sediment transport imbalances in vegetated zones, impacting shoreline stability and ecosystem-based coastal defences. Despite its importance, the parameterisation and mechanisms of wave nonlinearity evolution over flexible vegetation remain unclear. This study examines the mechanisms behind non-breaking wave nonlinearity evolution over flexible vegetation and provides parameterisation of wave nonlinearity, based on experimental data collected by Anderson and Smith (2014). The study derives a new set of empirical formulae for predicting wave nonlinearity in Spartina alterniflora, which considers Ursell number, relative vegetation width, vegetation submergence, and vegetation density. The predictions made using these formulae are in good agreement with the measurements. The results indicate a decrease in wave skewness across the span of vegetation, whereas wave asymmetry increases until it reaches a maximum before decreasing. The findings suggest a preferential dissipation of high harmonics compared to low harmonics in the vegetation zone. Additionally, bispectrum analysis reveals that vegetation enhances the difference interaction while suppressing the sum interaction between wave components. The findings enable improvements in our understanding of wave nonlinearity in vegetation, providing better predictive capabilities for wave attenuation and sediment transport, which are crucial for the design and optimization of coastal defence systems.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104543"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141132490","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Influence of model configuration for coastal flooding across Europe","authors":"Marine Le Gal ,&nbsp;Tomás Fernández-Montblanc ,&nbsp;Juan Montes Perez ,&nbsp;Enrico Duo ,&nbsp;Paola Souto Ceccon ,&nbsp;Paolo Ciavola ,&nbsp;Clara Armaroli","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104541","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104541","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Coastal flooding estimation at large scale, <em>e.g.</em> pan-European is usually performed using static method while dynamic method, in which numerical flood models are used to solve hydrodynamic equations, have proven to perform better. However, a numerical flood model can rapidly become computationally demanding. Thus, to respect the balance between efficiency and quality, models need to be properly configured. Usually, the model configuration is supported by calibration and validation. In the cases where it is not possible to appropriately implement calibration and validation through comparison against observed and measured data, sensitivity analyses can be applied in order to identify the key parameters that could influence the model capability to properly represent the modelled process. The present work aimed to identify influential model parameters across Europe and their relative importance in flood model configuration. Seventeen test cases were selected for which a LISFLOOD-FP model was developed, covering several sites across Europe and considering different storm events. A panoply of local morphologies and boundary conditions derived from the sites and storm event characteristics were used. For each test case, 72 simulations with different configurations were performed by varying the grid resolution, the numerical solver, the bottom friction and the wave set-up formulation used to estimate the total water level as a boundary condition. Two sensitivity analyses were performed on the modelled maximum flooded areas and water volumes using One-Driver-At-a-Time and variance-based methods. By using a k-means clustering method, the results of these sensitivity analyses allowed us to identify patterns through the test cases related to the geographical region, providing important information for the configuration of flood models across Europe. Both sensitivity analysis methods led to similar results highlighting dominant relative influences from the floodplain solver on the Atlantic coasts and from the boundary conditions on the Mediterranean ones. In addition the grid resolution was found to have great effect on the North and Baltic seas, while globally the friction was shown to impact the model’s results less. The test cases were clustered using a k-means method using as input both the sensitivity analysis results and morphological factors. Depending upon the inputs, two different sets of clusters were generated revealing a complex relationship between the influence of the model’s parameters and the selected morphological indicators.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"192 ","pages":"Article 104541"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000899/pdfft?md5=7eef87d3acf3d8a00d9323e4a1dad502&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000899-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141137784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Evaluation of Explicit Parameters on Eulerian-Lagrangian Simulation of Wave Impact on Coastal Bridges","authors":"Arsalan Majlesi ,&nbsp;Adnan Shahriar ,&nbsp;Reza Nasouri ,&nbsp;Arturo Montoya ,&nbsp;Ao Du ,&nbsp;Firat Y. Testik ,&nbsp;Adolfo Matamoros","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104540","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104540","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Simply supported bridges along the United States Gulf Coast are highly vulnerable to extreme wave conditions and water elevations. A better understanding of the loading demands on the bridges under these extreme events will lead to improved designs and enhanced resiliency. Nonetheless, analyses through numerical models pose difficulties in terms of reliability and computational burden. On the other hand, experimental models for large-scale bridge superstructures are subject to limited space allocation and related scaling challenges. Hence, optimized Finite Element (FE) models that can simulate Wave-Superstructure Interaction (WSI) are a preferred viable solution to estimate loads experienced by these bridge superstructures. Nonetheless, the results of the FE simulations are highly dependent on the numerical parameters and configurations implemented in the model; thus, the implications of parameter selection must be assessed to help scholars and engineers develop reliable FE models. In this paper, an experimental scaled model was used to calibrate numerical models following the Coupled Eulerian-Lagrangian (CEL) technique in ABAQUS. This explicit approach solves the Navier-Stokes (NS) equations to simulate fluid flow, and the dynamics response of the structure depends on analysis parameters (mass scaling factor, damping hourglass control, displacement hourglass scaling factor, and bulk viscosity scaling factors) and configurations (mesh size). The results provide a platform to compare numerical outputs and find the best parameters that suit WSI models. Moreover, the force signals applied to the superstructure experience high oscillations due to WSI. Different digital filter designs have been used to remove unwanted oscillations and provide researchers with recommendations on generating models that deliver optimal results.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104540"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141053586","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A physical model study on the hydraulic performances of vertical breakwaters with retreated wave walls","authors":"Alessandro Romano ,&nbsp;Matteo Centorami ,&nbsp;Claudia Cecioni ,&nbsp;Giorgio Bellotti","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104539","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104539","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>This paper describes a 2D physical model study on the hydraulic performances of composite vertical breakwaters with retreated wave walls. The research is an expansion of a previous experimental study by the same Authors: a very large number of experiments, in the order of 2,000, have been carried out by exploring and varying a wide range of wave and geometrical parameters of the structure, to investigate their effect and importance. In order to make feasible the execution of this large number of tests, a small-scale wave flume was used and regular wave conditions were reproduced. The influence of the wave wall retreat has been investigated in terms of wave-induced forces, reflection coefficients and wave overtopping discharges, comparing the hydraulic performances of structures with retreated walls with those of a flushed wall configuration under the same wave conditions. The large number of experiments allowed to formulate a detailed description of the complex phenomena at hand, providing statistical indicators that can be used as guidelines for preliminary design purposes of such structures, quantifying the relevant sources of uncertainty. The analysis confirmed and extended the previous findings and indicates that, on average, the hydraulic performances of structures with retreated crown wall vary significantly from those of flushed wall configurations. Specifically: (I) the forces acting on the wave wall increase of a factor up to 1.5, due to the occurrence of impulsive loads; (II) the forces acting on the caisson trunk decrease of a factor up to 0.91; (III) the global forces can decrease reaching a minimum reduction factor of 0.87, although some dangerous exceptions, in which equal or larger loads, than those occurring for standard flushed wall configuration, have been registered; (IV) the reflection coefficients decrease of a factor up to 0.83; (V) the wave overtopping discharges increase up to 2.55 times those with flushed walls.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104539"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000875/pdfft?md5=85b0d8c71f63872187320d5b42e6a422&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000875-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141024171","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Challenges in the measurement of cross-shore geotechnical characteristics of sandy beach surface sediments","authors":"Nicola C. Brilli ,&nbsp;Nina Stark","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104535","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104535","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Geotechnical properties of surficial beach sediments affect beach erosion and shoreline changes. This study sets out to measure relative density, moisture content, friction angle, and shear strength of sandy beach surface sediments from dune to swash zone towards the goal of assessing their importance in sandy beach morphodynamics. Methods of sediment sampling, a conductivity based moisture probe, field penetrometers, and a field vane shear were deployed to collect data at the sandy Atlantic-side beach in Duck, North Carolina. The tools used were assessed based on their operability in the beach environment and data quality, and results are discussed in the context of beach morphodynamics. A digital field vane shear provided an efficient and direct method of measuring shear strength, but the difficulty of computing stresses on the failure plane, which is necessary to validate the results, ultimately reduced the usability of this instrument. The results from three penetrometers were compared to a partially-saturated bearing capacity model, where a portable free-fall penetrometer yielded the best fit. However, a modified velocity-dependent strain rate correction factor (<span><math><mrow><mi>K</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0.31</mn><msub><mi>v</mi><mi>i</mi></msub></mrow></math></span>) was required to convert dynamic sediment resistance to a quasi-static resistance for the partially saturated sands. A small-scale digital push in penetrometer also achieved a positive correlation when compared to moisture content, but the small tip diameter (5 mm) coupled with the grain size at the beach (0.35 mm) raised concerns about the ability to derive an accurate measure of strength. It was determined that estimating strength parameter using a partially saturated bearing capacity model was appropriate for water contents less than 25% by volume, or anywhere in the crosshore above the swash to the dune. Relative density and moisture content were found to be closely linked, with partial saturation resulting in samples that featured negative relative densities up to <span><math><mrow><mo>−</mo><mn>40</mn><mo>%</mo></mrow></math></span>.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104535"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000838/pdfft?md5=ce587001f688d86e2adf387a549b930b&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000838-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140947031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Satellite-derived equilibrium shoreline modelling at a high-energy meso-macrotidal beach","authors":"Georgios Azorakos ,&nbsp;Bruno Castelle ,&nbsp;Vincent Marieu ,&nbsp;Déborah Idier","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104536","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Modelling and predicting the future of sandy shorelines is a key challenge in coastal research and is critical for sustainable coastal management. However, currently the most skillful shoreline models strongly rely on data to calibrate the free parameters, and are thus restricted to a few well monitored sites in the world. Here we address the challenges and opportunities offered by optical satellite imagery to provide useful information for equilibrium shoreline model calibration on cross-shore transport dominated sites. We focus on Truc Vert beach, southwest France, where previous work showed good equilibrium model skill to reproduce shoreline change from the time scales of hours (storms) to decades. Satellite derived waterlines are extracted over 11 years (2009–2020) and further transformed into satellite derived shorelines (SDS) with different water level corrections (e.g. tide and/or run up) and varying alongshore averaging lengths, and thus different uncertainties, in order to test model performance. Successively the timeseries duration and sampling frequency required for model calibration were also investigated. The model calibrated using the SDS data showed similar skill as the model calibrated using in-situ alongshore averaged shoreline positions, even for the uncorrected SDS dataset which Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) are approximately 30 m. Alongshore averaging was found to be the only necessary processing of the SDS data while any other site-specific corrections did not significantly improve model skill. Finally to further investigate the effect of sampling frequency and noise in the dataset we performed an analysis using a synthetic shoreline. Our results suggest that the effect of noise is negligible as long as the sampling frequency remains high (dt <span><math><mo>≤</mo></math></span> 30 days). Pending further validation, results show the strong potential of using uncorrected SDS dataset for shoreline model calibration at cross-shore transport dominated sandy coasts.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104536"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S037838392400084X/pdfft?md5=73e66f6640cf6d4a3b98b1a01a5d9d0d&pid=1-s2.0-S037838392400084X-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140918983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A framework for climate change adaptation of port infrastructures","authors":"Alberto Fernandez-Perez,&nbsp;Iñigo J. Losada,&nbsp;Javier L. Lara","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104538","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104538","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Adaptation of port infrastructures to climate change and sea level rise effects is highlighted as a key field among transportation systems’ lines of action for adaptation, given their highly exposed location in coastal areas and position as critical nodes in logistic chains and local, regional and national economies. The present work proposes an adaptation assessment framework that, based on a high-resolution compound climate risk assessment, identifies the main threats that climate change may pose to port performance, defines a set of optimized adaptation measures and characterizes constraints for implementation, and finally evaluates the applicability and effectiveness of these measures under diverse climate scenarios and different time frames. The framework is applied in a study case located in the northern coast of Spain. It is shown that the proposed methodology enables port managers and planners to develop tailor-fitted adaptation plans, providing tools to make them coherent with actual and future uncertain climate conditions.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104538"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000863/pdfft?md5=7a6c85378452203bfa0aeaf06a5ec935&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000863-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140900826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Footprint of the air-sea momentum transfer saturation observed by ocean wave buoy network in extreme tropical cyclones","authors":"Tomoya Shimura,&nbsp;Nobuhito Mori,&nbsp;Takuya Miyashita","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104537","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104537","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Tropical cyclones are one of the most destructive natural phenomena, causing tremendous coastal disasters worldwide. The maximum intensity of tropical cyclones is determined by momentum and heat transfer at the air-sea interface. Momentum transfer corresponds to the momentum loss of tropical cyclones and, consequently, to the underlying ocean's momentum gain causing extreme ocean waves and storm surges. Air-side observations of wind profiles and ocean-side observations of ocean subsurface currents show a slowdown of momentum transfer under high tropical cyclone wind speeds in the previous studies. However, there is still disagreement regarding the slowdown owing to lack of data. Here, we show momentum transfer under high wind speed conditions by observing ocean waves. Although ocean wave observations are highly spatially limited, we deployed a fleet of drifting ocean wave buoys covering the active area of tropical cyclones in the Western North Pacific. The buoy fleet captured extreme waves near the eye of the strongest category 5 tropical cyclone, indicating an ocean wave footprint of the momentum transfer saturation above surface wind speeds of 25 m/s. Our approach from ocean surface wave observation is a unique contribution to determination on air-sea momentum transfer slowdown under extreme wind speeds, which can compensate for the knowledge from conventional air and ocean-side observations. This finding advances tropical cyclones, extreme ocean waves, and storm surge modeling.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104537"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000851/pdfft?md5=8acc2caaf98afd4477878af37492f84c&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000851-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140906784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to investigate airflow and sand transport on a human-made coastal foredune dominated by offshore wind: Impact of the shape variability.","authors":"Antoine Lamy ,&nbsp;Thomas A.G. Smyth ,&nbsp;Nicolas Robin ,&nbsp;Patrick A. Hesp","doi":"10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.coastaleng.2024.104534","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Foredunes provide many environmental and ecosystem services including protection from wave erosion and flooding hazards during storm events. While the impact of human interventions on the short-term evolution of coastal dunes is reasonably well understood, less is known about their contemporary influence on current wind and sediment dynamics several decades after implementation. The coastal dunes in Leucate (SE, France) have been anthropogenically constructed and are dominated by offshore wind conditions. Since their construction 20 years ago, a distinct variation in their longshore morphology has developed that is inherited from its original construction. The northern part of the dune has a symmetrical profile with a 28° degree stoss slope, 30° lee slope and a single crest. The southern part is asymmetric, with a gentler stoss slope (12°), 26° lee slope, and a double crest. To explore the potential geomorphic impacts of this distinct difference in morphology, several numerical simulations with varying wind speeds and direction were conducted. We used Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) to explore the spatial variations of the near surface wind flow, shear stress and aeolian sediment transport.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>show that for each scenario, near surface wind speed accelerated toward the dune crest on the windward slope of the dune. The maximum wind speed varied with incident wind direction, the highest speeds occurring when incident wind flow was perpendicular to the dune crest. The double crest in the southern section of the dune affected the wind flow by inducing two consecutive speeds-up zones, with a greater maximum wind speed than on the single crested dune. Wind flow separation was observed where a steep lee slope was present (single crested dune), and only during perpendicular winds. This suggests that the shape of the dune and the direction of the wind are key parameters rather than wind speed. The area affected by reversed separated flow was spatially limited and did not extend beyond the dune toe but was below the threshold for aeolian sediment transport. Elsewhere in the lee of the dune, the wind was only deflected by an order of 15° for the oblique winds (310 and 330°), and less than 10° for the perpendicular wind (290°) on the southern part. In these locations, the shear velocity exceeded the threshold, notably on the southern dune, which coincided with the formation of undulating aeolian deposits in the lee of vegetation on the dune crest. The spatial differences observed in wind flow and aeolian sediment transport processes on this human-made dune were directly inherited from differences in their construction two decades ago. These results demonstrate the importance of the constructed dune profile, due to its potential impact on the long-term evolution of the landscape and the sediment budget of the system.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":50996,"journal":{"name":"Coastal Engineering","volume":"191 ","pages":"Article 104534"},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0378383924000826/pdfft?md5=4b7fbbbd6de2bfad0b4e1f512a7a7dca&pid=1-s2.0-S0378383924000826-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140950328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}