Antarctic Science最新文献_第10页

Gastropod assemblages associated with Himantothallus grandifolius, Sarcopeltis antarctica and other subtidal macroalgae 与Himanothallus grandifolis、南极Sarcopeltis和其他潮下大型藻类相关的腹足类组合

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0954102022000153

C. Amsler, Leucas R. Miller, Raven A. Edwards, M. Amsler, W. Engl, J. McClintock, B. Baker

{"title":"Gastropod assemblages associated with Himantothallus grandifolius, Sarcopeltis antarctica and other subtidal macroalgae","authors":"C. Amsler, Leucas R. Miller, Raven A. Edwards, M. Amsler, W. Engl, J. McClintock, B. Baker","doi":"10.1017/S0954102022000153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102022000153","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gastropods are an important component of subtidal Antarctic communities including in common association with macroalgae. Nonetheless, limited data exist detailing their abundance and distribution on macroalgal species. This study documents the abundance and species composition of gastropod assemblages on the two largest, blade-forming Antarctic macroalgae, Himantothallus grandifolius and Sarcopeltis antarctica, sampled across two depths (9 and 18 m) at four sites for each species off Anvers Island, Antarctica. Gastropods were also enumerated on Desmarestia anceps, Desmarestia antarctica and Plocamium sp. but were not included in the main analyses because of small sample sizes. There were major differences between the gastropod assemblages on deep vs shallow H. grandifolius and S. antarctica with much higher numbers of individuals and also greater numbers of gastropod species at the greater depth. Differences between the gastropod assemblages on H. grandifolius and S. antarctica across sampling sites were apparent in non-parametric, multivariate analyses, although depth contributed more than site to these differences. Within common sites, assemblages on H. grandifolius were significantly different from those on S. antarctica at 18 m depth but not at 9 m depth, indicating that the host species can be but is not always more important than site in influencing the gastropod assemblages.","PeriodicalId":50972,"journal":{"name":"Antarctic Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"246 - 255"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44513691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

The contribution of Antarctic moss peat to the understanding of global peatland processes 南极苔藓泥炭对理解全球泥炭地过程的贡献

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1017/S0954102022000141

J. Fenton

引用次数: 0

Patterns of moss richness in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, cannot be explained by geological or ornithogenic drivers alone 乔治王岛金钟湾苔藓丰富的模式不能仅靠地质或鸟类成因来解释

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-08 DOI: 10.1017/S0954102021000614

Bárbara Guedes Costa Silva, P. Convey, Micheline Carvalho-Silva, E. T. Amorim, J. Patiño, P. Câmara

{"title":"Patterns of moss richness in Admiralty Bay, King George Island, cannot be explained by geological or ornithogenic drivers alone","authors":"Bárbara Guedes Costa Silva, P. Convey, Micheline Carvalho-Silva, E. T. Amorim, J. Patiño, P. Câmara","doi":"10.1017/S0954102021000614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102021000614","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We set out to document the diversity and distribution of bryophytes in Admiralty Bay and thereby enable the identification of patterns in local diversity and their possible drivers. Combining data extracted from different sources and recent collections, we documented the presence of 63 species. Similarity analyses of moss species diversity in relation to underlying geology and ornithogenic influence identified an identical cophenetic correlation coefficient of 0.744 for both factors. The Sørensen index was < 0.6, indicating that the groups share < 60% of the species recorded. The data showed that the selected filters (ornithogenic soils, non-ornithogenic soils and different geological extracts) did not underlie consistent species groupings, and we conclude that other environmental and topographical factors are likely to be responsible for shaping the moss community structure in Admiralty Bay. To enable effective management of Antarctic Specially Managed Area (ASMA) No. 1 and Antarctic Specially Protected Area (ASPA) No. 128, robust assessments of the local ecosystem and biodiversity are necessary to assist in the decision-making processes mandated under the Antarctic Treaty System, one of whose founding principles is the preservation of the Antarctic ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":50972,"journal":{"name":"Antarctic Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"208 - 222"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49578930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Can classic biological invasion hypotheses be applied to reported cases of non-native terrestrial species in the Maritime Antarctic? 经典的生物入侵假说能否适用于已报道的南极海洋非本地陆生物种的案例?

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-04 DOI: 10.1017/S0954102022000037

L. Pertierra, P. Convey, P. Martinez, P. Tejedo, J. Benayas, M. A. Olalla‐Tárraga

{"title":"Can classic biological invasion hypotheses be applied to reported cases of non-native terrestrial species in the Maritime Antarctic?","authors":"L. Pertierra, P. Convey, P. Martinez, P. Tejedo, J. Benayas, M. A. Olalla‐Tárraga","doi":"10.1017/S0954102022000037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102022000037","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Understanding the success factors underlying each step in the process of biological invasion provides a robust foundation upon which to develop appropriate biosecurity measures. Insights into the processes occurring can be gained through clarifying the circumstances applying to non-native species that have arrived, established and, in some cases, successfully spread in terrestrial Antarctica. To date, examples include a small number of vascular plants and a greater diversity of invertebrates (including Diptera, Collembola, Acari and Oligochaeta), which share features of pre-adaptation to the environmental stresses experienced in Antarctica. In this synthesis, we examine multiple classic invasion science hypotheses that are widely considered to have relevance in invasion ecology and assess their utility in understanding the different invasion histories so far documented in the continent. All of these existing hypotheses appear relevant to some degree in explaining invasion processes in Antarctica. They are also relevant in understanding failed invasions and identifying barriers to invasion. However, the limited number of cases currently available constrains the possibility of establishing patterns and processes. To conclude, we discuss several new and emerging confirmatory methods as relevant tools to test and compare these hypotheses given the availability of appropriate sample sizes in the future.","PeriodicalId":50972,"journal":{"name":"Antarctic Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"226 - 245"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48930246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Climate and energy balance of the ground in University Valley, Antarctica 南极洲大学谷地面的气候和能量平衡

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954102022000025

M. Marinova, C. Mckay, J. Heldmann, J. Goordial, D. Lacelle, W. Pollard, A. Davila

{"title":"Climate and energy balance of the ground in University Valley, Antarctica","authors":"M. Marinova, C. Mckay, J. Heldmann, J. Goordial, D. Lacelle, W. Pollard, A. Davila","doi":"10.1017/S0954102022000025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102022000025","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract We report 3 years of data from one meteorological and three smaller stations in University Valley, a high-elevation (1677 m) site in the Dry Valleys of Antarctica with extensive dry permafrost. Mean air temperature was -23.4°C. Summer air temperatures were virtually always < 0°C and were consistent with the altitude lapse rate and empirical relationships between summer temperature, distance from the coast and elevation. The measured frost point (-22.5°C) at the 42 cm deep ice table is equal to the surface frost point and above the atmospheric frost point (-29.6°C), providing direct evidence that surface conditions control ground ice depth. Observed peak surface soil temperatures reach 6°C for ice-cemented ground > 15 cm deep but stay < 0°C when it is shallower. We develop an energy balance model tuned to this rocky and dry environment. We find that differences in peak soil surface temperatures are primarily due to the higher thermal diffusivity of ice-cemented ground compared to dry soil. Sensitivity studies show that expected natural variability is insufficient for melt to form and significant excursions from current conditions are required. The site's ice table meets the criteria for a Special Region on Mars, with 30% of the year > -18°C and water activity > 0.6.","PeriodicalId":50972,"journal":{"name":"Antarctic Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"144 - 171"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47106254","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

ANS volume 34 issue 2 Cover and Back matter ANS第34卷第2期封面和封底

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0954102022000219

引用次数: 0

Obituary – Dr Yves Frenot (1958–2022) 讣告-伊夫·弗伦诺博士（1958–2022）

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0954102022000189

D. Renault, J. Whinam

{"title":"Obituary – Dr Yves Frenot (1958–2022)","authors":"D. Renault, J. Whinam","doi":"10.1017/s0954102022000189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0954102022000189","url":null,"abstract":"Yves Frenot will be greatly missed by his friends and colleagues around the world. His long and impressive career has left a tangible legacy in Antarctic and sub-Antarctic research, collaboration and policy. Yves participated in 14 expeditions to the French sub-Antarctic islands (Crozet, Kerguelen and Amsterdam islands) between 1982 and 2004, including a winter on Crozet Island, as well as expeditions to Spitsbergen and Heard Island. He also voyaged to Durmont d'Urville station three times in his role as Director of Institut Polaire Français Paul-Emile Victor (IPEV). In 2018, on board the maiden return voyage of the new L'Astrolabe, Yves was awarded the French Order of Merit. Yves was a prolific publisher on many aspects of the sub-Antarctic, with over 65 scientific publications and numerous reports, conference presentations and popular science communications covering topics such as terrestrial biodiversity (plants, animals, soils, ecophysiology), the impacts of climate change, primary succession after glacial retreat and the dynamics of invasive species. From 1989 to 2003, Yves managed teams at both the national and international level. At the EcoBio department (UMR (Unité Mixte de Recherche) CNRS (Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique) 6553, Rennes), Yves was the deputy director of the 'Station Biologique de Paimpont' from 1994 to 2002, and he also led the research group 'Impact of climate change' (UMR EcoBio). In the mid-1990s, he led the 'Biosol' research project, which was supported by the French Polar IPEV and focused on the study of soils and terrestrial fauna and flora. Yves was passionate about researching and protecting biodiversity in extreme environments. His collaboration with Thierry Micol, Pierre Jouventin and Véronique Sarrano produced a ground-breaking synthesis of research that led to protection (Nature Reserve Terres Australes Françaises) for the French Southern Territories (Kerguelen, Crozet, Saint Paul and Amsterdam islands). doi:10.1017/S0954102022000189","PeriodicalId":50972,"journal":{"name":"Antarctic Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"105 - 106"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48879863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Changes in expeditioners' personality measures during 1 year Antarctic expeditions 1年南极考察中探险者人格测量的变化

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/S0954102022000104

O. Kokun, L. Bakhmutova

{"title":"Changes in expeditioners' personality measures during 1 year Antarctic expeditions","authors":"O. Kokun, L. Bakhmutova","doi":"10.1017/S0954102022000104","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954102022000104","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The extreme working and living conditions at Antarctic stations cause numerous psychological changes in expeditioners. However, research on the changes in expeditioners' personality traits is virtually non-existent. Therefore, the present study aims to determine the changes in expeditioners' personality measures during 1 year Antarctic expeditions. This study examined 56 expeditioners working at the Ukrainian Antarctic Akademik Vernadsky station (52 men, 4 women; ages 20–63 years, M = 38.12, SD = 10.01) who participated in five annual expeditions between 2016 and 2021. The Ukrainian adaptations of four measures were used: the Thomas-Kilmann Conflict Mode Instrument, the Eysenck Personality Questionnaire, the Leonhard-Schmieschek Questionnaire and the Leary Interpersonal Checklist. During 1 year Antarctic expeditions, 8 of the 26 indicators used to describe expeditioners' personality measures changed significantly (P < 0.001–0.1). These indicators belonged to three of the four measures used in the study and were assessed as personally unfavourable. They included increased psychoticism and competing, managerial-autocratic, aggressive-sadistic, responsible-hypernormal, competitive-narcissistic and self-effacing-masochistic styles and a decreased accommodating style. Based on these results, promising areas for further research that could improve psychological selection, training and work for Antarctic expedition personnel are outlined.","PeriodicalId":50972,"journal":{"name":"Antarctic Science","volume":"34 1","pages":"137 - 143"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6,"publicationDate":"2022-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45368727","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

ANS volume 34 issue 2 Cover and Front matter ANS第34卷第2期封面和封面

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/s0954102022000207

引用次数: 0

The Chinese Antarctic science programme: origins and development 中国南极科学计划:起源与发展

IF 1.6 4区地球科学

Antarctic Science Pub Date : 2022-04-01 DOI: 10.1017/S095410202200013X

Mengzhu Zhang, M. Haward

引用次数: 1