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American Journal of Bioethics最新文献

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Reasons in the Loop: The Role of Large Language Models in Medical Co-Reasoning. 循环中的原因：大语言模型在医学协同推理中的作用。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2383121
Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Brian D Earp, Peng Liu, Julian Savulescu
{"title":"Reasons in the Loop: The Role of Large Language Models in Medical Co-Reasoning.","authors":"Sebastian Porsdam Mann, Brian D Earp, Peng Liu, Julian Savulescu","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2383121","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2383121","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 9","pages":"105-107"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121092","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Safety in Numbers and Other Questions from Pierson et al.'s Bioethics Survey. 数字安全和皮尔森等人的生物伦理学调查提出的其他问题。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2377102
Virginia L Bartlett
{"title":"Safety in Numbers and Other Questions from Pierson et al.'s Bioethics Survey.","authors":"Virginia L Bartlett","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2377102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2377102","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 9","pages":"53-55"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What and For Whom Is Bioethics? 生物伦理学是什么，为谁服务？
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-09-01 Epub Date: 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2390312
Sandra Soo-Jin Lee
{"title":"What and For Whom Is Bioethics?","authors":"Sandra Soo-Jin Lee","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2390312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2390312","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 9","pages":"6-8"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142121101","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clinical Ethics Fellowship Programs in the U.S. and Canada: A Descriptive Study of Program Characteristics and Practices. 美国和加拿大的临床伦理奖学金项目：项目特征与实践的描述性研究》。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2388723
Ellen Fox, Jason Adam Wasserman
{"title":"Clinical Ethics Fellowship Programs in the U.S. and Canada: A Descriptive Study of Program Characteristics and Practices.","authors":"Ellen Fox, Jason Adam Wasserman","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2388723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2388723","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>To address the current lack of knowledge about clinical ethics fellowship programs (CEFPs), we surveyed all 36 programs in the U.S. and Canada. The number of CEFPs has grown exponentially over the last 40 years and far exceeds previous estimates. Commonalities among CEFPs include: 88.8% require an advanced degree or rarely accept applicants without one; 91.7% of programs do not restrict applicants to a specific background such as medicine or philosophy; and 88.9% of programs compensate fellows. CEFPs vary widely on numbers of fellows trained in the last 3 years (1-111), numbers of consultations performed by each fellow (0-450), and salaries paid ($0-$95,000). Less than half of programs meet CEFP standards established by ABPD. Nonpaying programs and larger programs tend to have lower admission standards and lower expectations for fellows. We hope these data will help inform CEFP standards that promote quality and consistency without stifling desirable diversity and innovation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Do Reasons Matter? Navigating Parents' Reasons in Healthcare Decisions for Children. 理由重要吗？在儿童医疗保健决策中引导父母的理由。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2388730
Bryanna Moore, Amy Caruso Brown
{"title":"Do Reasons Matter? Navigating Parents' Reasons in Healthcare Decisions for Children.","authors":"Bryanna Moore, Amy Caruso Brown","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2388730","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2388730","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Bioethics has dedicated itself to exploring and defending both reasons for and against certain aspects of clinical care, biomedical research and health policy, including what decisions must be made, who should make them, and how they should be made. In pediatrics, it's widely acknowledged that parents' reasons may matter pragmatically; attending to parents' reasons is important if we want to work with families. Yet the conventional view in pediatric ethics is that parents' reasons are irrelevant to whether a decision is permissible or impermissible according to accepted ethical standards. In this paper, we explore whether parents' reasons matter ethically and, if so, in what way and for whom. First, we clarify what we mean by 'reasons.' Second, we provide an overview of how reasons are typically treated in medical decision-making and pediatric ethics. Third, we analyze a hypothetical pediatric case to illustrate how changing reasons can transform ethical analyses, including by contributing to where and how clinicians and ethicists draw the boundaries intrinsic to common pediatric ethical frameworks. We push back against the conventional view and argue that parents' reasons matter ethically in several ways. We call for further research on the role of parents' reasons in clinical ethics deliberation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009883","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Breaching Confidentiality in Genetic and Non-Genetic Cases: Two Problematic Distinctions. 在遗传和非遗传案件中违反保密规定：两个有问题的区别。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-20 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2388719
Madison K Kilbride
{"title":"Breaching Confidentiality in Genetic and Non-Genetic Cases: Two Problematic Distinctions.","authors":"Madison K Kilbride","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2388719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2388719","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ethical questions about confidentiality arise when patients refuse to inform relatives who are at risk of a genetic condition. Specifically, healthcare providers may struggle with the permissibility of breaching confidentiality to warn patients' at-risk relatives. In exploring this issue, several authors have converged around the idea that genetic cases differ from non-genetic cases (e.g., involving a threat of violence or the spread of an infectious disease) along two related dimensions: (1) In genetic cases, the risk of harm is already present in an at-risk third party, whereas in non-genetic cases, it is not; and (2) In genetic cases, the patient does not create a risk of harm to a third party, whereas in non-genetic cases, the patient does. I argue that these distinctions do not exclusively differentiate genetic from non-genetic cases and should not bear on the permissibility of breaching confidentiality. Instead, such determinations should be based on other considerations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":"1-13"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142009881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
What's the Alternative? Comparative Benefits in Gene Editing and Genetic Selection. 替代方案是什么？基因编辑和基因选择的比较优势》。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361889
Thomas Douglas, Katrien Devolder
{"title":"What's the Alternative? Comparative Benefits in Gene Editing and Genetic Selection.","authors":"Thomas Douglas, Katrien Devolder","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361889","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361889","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 8","pages":"24-26"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Embryo Gene Editing is Not Morally Better than Selection Even If Person-Affecting. 胚胎基因编辑在道德上并不优于选择，即使会对人产生影响。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361907
Tina Rulli
{"title":"Embryo Gene Editing is Not Morally Better than Selection Even If Person-Affecting.","authors":"Tina Rulli","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361907","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361907","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 8","pages":"20-22"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Grounded in Reality: Integrating Community Values and Priorities of End Users in Human Gene Editing. 立足现实：在人类基因编辑中整合社区价值观和最终用户的优先事项。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361880
Kirsten A Riggan, Roel Feys, Assata Kokayi, Karen M Meagher, Marsha Michie, Kiran Musunuru, Kelly E Ormond, Andrea J Schelhaas, Jane Q Yap, Rosario Isasi, Megan A Allyse
{"title":"Grounded in Reality: Integrating Community Values and Priorities of End Users in Human Gene Editing.","authors":"Kirsten A Riggan, Roel Feys, Assata Kokayi, Karen M Meagher, Marsha Michie, Kiran Musunuru, Kelly E Ormond, Andrea J Schelhaas, Jane Q Yap, Rosario Isasi, Megan A Allyse","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361880","DOIUrl":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361880","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 8","pages":"43-45"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11335314/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
In Defense of a More Antinatalist Bioethics. 为更加反自然的生命伦理学辩护。
IF 17 1区 哲学
American Journal of Bioethics Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-19 DOI: 10.1080/15265161.2024.2361911
Konrad Szocik
{"title":"In Defense of a More Antinatalist Bioethics.","authors":"Konrad Szocik","doi":"10.1080/15265161.2024.2361911","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/15265161.2024.2361911","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50962,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Bioethics","volume":"24 8","pages":"63-65"},"PeriodicalIF":17.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142001294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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