Advances in Microbial Physiology最新文献_第2页

Purine catabolism by enterobacteria. 肠杆菌的嘌呤分解代谢

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-02-11 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.01.001

TuAnh Ngoc Huynh, Valley Stewart

{"title":"Purine catabolism by enterobacteria.","authors":"TuAnh Ngoc Huynh, Valley Stewart","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.01.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.01.001","url":null,"abstract":"Purines are abundant among organic nitrogen sources and have high nitrogen content. Accordingly, microorganisms have evolved different pathways to catabolize purines and their metabolic products such as allantoin. Enterobacteria from the genera Escherichia, Klebsiella and Salmonella have three such pathways. First, the HPX pathway, found in the genus Klebsiella and very close relatives, catabolizes purines during aerobic growth, extracting all four nitrogen atoms in the process. This pathway includes several known or predicted enzymes not previously observed in other purine catabolic pathways. Second, the ALL pathway, found in strains from all three species, catabolizes allantoin during anaerobic growth in a branched pathway that also includes glyoxylate assimilation. This allantoin fermentation pathway originally was characterized in a gram-positive bacterium, and therefore is widespread. Third, the XDH pathway, found in strains from Escherichia and Klebsiella spp., at present is ill-defined but likely includes enzymes to catabolize purines during anaerobic growth. Critically, this pathway may include an enzyme system for anaerobic urate catabolism, a phenomenon not previously described. Documenting such a pathway would overturn the long-held assumption that urate catabolism requires oxygen. Overall, this broad capability for purine catabolism during either aerobic or anaerobic growth suggests that purines and their metabolites contribute to enterobacterial fitness in a variety of environments.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9698208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The elements of life: A biocentric tour of the periodic table. 生命元素：以生物为中心的元素周期表之旅。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-01-30 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.11.001

Kaleigh A Remick, John D Helmann

引用次数: 2

Modulators of a robust and efficient metabolism: Perspective and insights from the Rid superfamily of proteins. 稳健和高效代谢的调节剂:从Rid蛋白超家族的观点和见解。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-04-29 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.04.001

Ronnie L Fulton, Diana M Downs

{"title":"Modulators of a robust and efficient metabolism: Perspective and insights from the Rid superfamily of proteins.","authors":"Ronnie L Fulton, Diana M Downs","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.04.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.04.001","url":null,"abstract":"Metabolism is an integrated network of biochemical pathways that assemble to generate the robust, responsive physiologies of microorganisms. Despite decades of fundamental studies on metabolic processes and pathways, our understanding of the nuance and complexity of metabolism remains incomplete. The ability to predict and model metabolic network structure, and its influence on cellular fitness, is complicated by the persistence of genes of unknown function, even in the best-studied model organisms. This review describes the definition and continuing study of the Rid superfamily of proteins. These studies are presented with a perspective that illustrates how metabolic complexity can complicate the assignment of function to uncharacterized genes. The Rid superfamily of proteins has been divided into eight subfamilies, including the well-studied RidA subfamily. Aside from the RidA proteins, which are present in all domains of life and prevent metabolic stress, most members of the Rid superfamily have no demonstrated physiological role. Recent progress on functional assignment supports the hypothesis that, overall, proteins in the Rid superfamily modulate metabolic processes to ensure optimal organismal fitness.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10642521/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10301020","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A perspective on the role of lanthanides in biology: Discovery, open questions and possible applications. 镧系元素在生物学中的作用:发现、开放性问题和可能的应用。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.001

Lena J Daumann, Arjan Pol, Huub J M Op den Camp, N Cecilia Martinez-Gomez

{"title":"A perspective on the role of lanthanides in biology: Discovery, open questions and possible applications.","authors":"Lena J Daumann, Arjan Pol, Huub J M Op den Camp, N Cecilia Martinez-Gomez","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.001","url":null,"abstract":"Because of their use in high technologies like computers, smartphones and renewable energy applications, lanthanides (belonging to the group of rare earth elements) are essential for our daily lives. A range of applications in medicine and biochemical research made use of their photo-physical properties. The discovery of a biological role for lanthanides has boosted research in this new field. Several methanotrophs and methylotrophs are strictly dependent on the presence of lanthanides in the growth medium while others show a regulatory response. After the first demonstration of a lanthanide in the active site of the XoxF-type pyrroloquinoline quinone methanol dehydrogenases, follow-up studies showed the same for other pyrroloquinoline quinone-containing enzymes. In addition, research focused on the effect of lanthanides on regulation of gene expression and uptake mechanism into bacterial cells. This review briefly describes the discovery of the role of lanthanides in biology and focuses on open questions in biological lanthanide research and possible application of lanthanide-containing bacteria and enzymes in recovery of these special elements.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10606938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Recent developments in our understanding of the physiology and nitric oxide-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus. 金黄色葡萄球菌的生理和抗一氧化氮能力的最新进展。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.003

Amelia C Stephens, Anthony R Richardson

{"title":"Recent developments in our understanding of the physiology and nitric oxide-resistance of Staphylococcus aureus.","authors":"Amelia C Stephens, Anthony R Richardson","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.003","url":null,"abstract":"Staphylococcus aureus is an important human pathogen causing a wide range of disease presentations. It harbors a vast array of virulence factors and drug-resistance determinants. All of these factors are coordinately regulated by a hand full of key transcriptional regulators. The regulation and expression of these factors are tightly intertwined with the metabolic state of the cell. Furthermore, alterations in central metabolism are also key to the ability of S. aureus to resist clearance by the host innate immune response, including nitric oxide (NO·) production. Given the fact that central metabolism directly influences virulence, drug resistance and immune tolerance in S. aureus, a better understanding of the metabolic capabilities of this pathogen is critical. This work highlights some of the major findings within the last five years surrounding S. aureus central metabolism, both organic and inorganic. These are also put in the context of the unique NO·-resistance associated with this pathogen as well as their contributions to virulence. The more we understand the intersection between central metabolism and virulence capabilities in S. aureus, the better the chances of developing novel therapeutics so desperately needed to treat this pathogen.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10606936","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

How Streptomyces thrive: Advancing our understanding of classical development and uncovering new behaviors. 链霉菌如何茁壮成长:推进我们对经典发展的理解并发现新的行为。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.01.004

Matthew P Zambri, Michelle A Williams, Marie A Elliot

引用次数: 3

Defenses of multidrug resistant pathogens against reactive nitrogen species produced in infected hosts. 多药耐药病原体对感染宿主产生的活性氮物种的防御。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.02.001

Sandra M Carvalho, Jordi Zamarreño Beas, Marco A M Videira, Lígia M Saraiva

引用次数: 4

Antimicrobial tolerance and its role in the development of resistance: Lessons from enterococci. 抗菌素耐受性及其在耐药性发展中的作用:来自肠球菌的教训。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.004

Rachel L Darnell, Olivia Paxie, Francesca O Todd Rose, Sali Morris, Alexandra L Krause, Ian R Monk, Matigan J B Smith, Timothy P Stinear, Gregory M Cook, Susanne Gebhard

{"title":"Antimicrobial tolerance and its role in the development of resistance: Lessons from enterococci.","authors":"Rachel L Darnell, Olivia Paxie, Francesca O Todd Rose, Sali Morris, Alexandra L Krause, Ian R Monk, Matigan J B Smith, Timothy P Stinear, Gregory M Cook, Susanne Gebhard","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.004","url":null,"abstract":"Bacteria have developed resistance against every antimicrobial in clinical use at an alarming rate. There is a critical need for more effective use of antimicrobials to both extend their shelf life and prevent resistance from arising. Significantly, antimicrobial tolerance, i.e., the ability to survive but not proliferate during antimicrobial exposure, has been shown to precede the development of bona fide antimicrobial resistance (AMR), sparking a renewed and rapidly increasing interest in this field. As a consequence, problematic infections for the first time are now being investigated for antimicrobial tolerance, with increasing reports demonstrating in-host evolution of antimicrobial tolerance. Tolerance has been identified in a wide array of bacterial species to all bactericidal antimicrobials. Of particular interest are enterococci, which contain the opportunistic bacterial pathogens Enterococcus faecalis and Enterococcus faecium. Enterococci are one of the leading causes of hospital-acquired infection and possess intrinsic tolerance to a number of antimicrobial classes. Persistence of these infections in the clinic is of growing concern, particularly for the immunocompromised. Here, we review current known mechanisms of antimicrobial tolerance, and include an in-depth analysis of those identified in enterococci with implications for both the development and prevention of AMR.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10617145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Bacterial AB toxins and host-microbe interactions. 细菌 AB毒素与宿主-微生物之间的相互作用。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-18 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.06.002

Jeongmin Song

引用次数: 0

Neisseria gonorrhoeae physiology and pathogenesis. 淋病奈瑟菌生理学和发病机制。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.01.002

Luke R Green, Joby Cole, Ernesto Feliz Diaz Parga, Jonathan G Shaw

{"title":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae physiology and pathogenesis.","authors":"Luke R Green, Joby Cole, Ernesto Feliz Diaz Parga, Jonathan G Shaw","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.01.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"Neisseria gonorrhoeae is an obligate human pathogen that is the cause of the sexually transmitted disease gonorrhoea. Recently, there has been a surge in gonorrhoea cases that has been exacerbated by the rapid rise in gonococcal multidrug resistance to all useful antimicrobials resulting in this organism becoming a significant public health burden. Therefore, there is a clear and present need to understand the organism's biology through its physiology and pathogenesis to help develop new intervention strategies. The gonococcus initially colonises and adheres to host mucosal surfaces utilising a type IV pilus that helps with microcolony formation. Other adhesion strategies include the porin, PorB, and the phase variable outer membrane protein Opa. The gonococcus is able to subvert complement mediated killing and opsonisation by sialylation of its lipooligosaccharide and deploys a series of anti-phagocytic mechanisms. N. gonorrhoeae is a fastidious organism that is able to grow on a limited number of primary carbon sources such as glucose and lactate. The utilization of lactate by the gonococcus has been implicated in a number of pathogenicity mechanisms. The bacterium lives mainly in microaerobic environments and can grow both aerobically and anaerobically with the aid of nitrite. The gonococcus does not produce siderophores for scavenging iron but can utilize some produced by other bacteria, and it is able to successful chelate iron from host haem, transferrin and lactoferrin. The gonococcus is an incredibly versatile human pathogen; in the following chapter, we detail the intricate mechanisms used by the bacterium to invade and survive within the host.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10620517","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4