Advances in Microbial Physiology最新文献

Biological functions of bacterial lysophospholipids. 细菌溶血磷脂的生物学功能。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.001

Xuefeng Cao, Jos P M van Putten, Marc M S M Wösten

引用次数: 0

Molecular discoveries in microbial DMSP synthesis. 微生物DMSP合成中的分子发现。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.03.001

Ornella Carrión, Xiao-Yu Zhu, Beth T Williams, Jinyan Wang, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Jonathan D Todd

{"title":"Molecular discoveries in microbial DMSP synthesis.","authors":"Ornella Carrión, Xiao-Yu Zhu, Beth T Williams, Jinyan Wang, Xiao-Hua Zhang, Jonathan D Todd","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.03.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.03.001","url":null,"abstract":"Dimethylsulfoniopropionate (DMSP) is one of the Earth's most abundant organosulfur compounds because many marine algae, bacteria, corals and some plants produce it to high mM intracellular concentrations. In these organisms, DMSP acts an anti-stress molecule with purported roles to protect against salinity, temperature, oxidative stress and hydrostatic pressure, amongst many other reported functions. However, DMSP is best known for being a major precursor of the climate-active gases and signalling molecules dimethylsulfide (DMS), methanethiol (MeSH) and, potentially, methane, through microbial DMSP catabolism. DMSP catabolism has been extensively studied and the microbes, pathways and enzymes involved have largely been elucidated through the application of molecular research over the last 17 years. In contrast, the molecular biology of DMSP synthesis is a much newer field, with the first DMSP synthesis enzymes only being identified in the last 5 years. In this review, we discuss how the elucidation of key DMSP synthesis enzymes has greatly expanded our knowledge of the diversity of DMSP-producing organisms, the pathways used, and what environmental factors regulate production, as well as to inform on the physiological roles of DMSP. Importantly, the identification of key DMSP synthesis enzymes in the major groups of DMSP producers has allowed scientists to study the distribution and predict the importance of different DMSP-producing organisms to global DMSP production in diverse marine and sediment environments. Finally, we highlight key challenges for future molecular research into DMSP synthesis that need addressing to better understand the cycling of this important marine organosulfur compound, and its magnitude in the environment.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Biosynthesis and function of microbial methylmenaquinones. 微生物甲基萘醌的生物合成及其功能。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.002

Dennis Wilkens, Jörg Simon

{"title":"Biosynthesis and function of microbial methylmenaquinones.","authors":"Dennis Wilkens, Jörg Simon","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.002","url":null,"abstract":"The membranous quinone/quinol pool is essential for the majority of life forms and its composition has been widely used as a biomarker in microbial taxonomy. The most abundant quinone is menaquinone (MK), which serves as an essential redox mediator in various electron transport chains of aerobic and anaerobic respiration. Several methylated derivatives of MK, designated methylmenaquinones (MMKs), have been reported to be present in members of various microbial phyla possessing either the classical MK biosynthesis pathway (Men) or the futalosine pathway (Mqn). Due to their low redox midpoint potentials, MMKs have been proposed to be specifically involved in appropriate electron transport chains of anaerobic respiration. The class C radical SAM methyltransferases MqnK, MenK and MenK2 have recently been shown to catalyse specific MK methylation reactions at position C-8 (MqnK/MenK) or C-7 (MenK2) to synthesise 8-MMK, 7-MMK and 7,8-dimethylmenaquinone (DMMK). MqnK, MenK and MenK2 from organisms such as Wolinella succinogenes, Adlercreutzia equolifaciens, Collinsella tanakaei, Ferrimonas marina and Syntrophus aciditrophicus have been functionally produced in Escherichia coli, enabling extensive quinone/quinol pool engineering of the native MK and 2-demethylmenaquinone (DMK). Cluster and phylogenetic analyses of available MK and MMK methyltransferase sequences revealed signature motifs that allowed the discrimination of MenK/MqnK/MenK2 family enzymes from other radical SAM enzymes and the identification of C-7-specific menaquinone methyltransferases of the MenK2 subfamily. It is envisaged that this knowledge will help to predict the methylation status of the menaquinone/menaquinol pool of any microbial species (or even a microbial community) from its (meta)genome.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10036057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Diversity of algae and their biotechnological potential. 藻类的多样性及其生物技术潜力。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.02.001

D James Gilmour

引用次数: 0

On the evolution of natural product biosynthesis. 天然产物生物合成的进化。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.001

Francisco Barona-Gómez, Marc G Chevrette, Paul A Hoskisson

{"title":"On the evolution of natural product biosynthesis.","authors":"Francisco Barona-Gómez, Marc G Chevrette, Paul A Hoskisson","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.001","url":null,"abstract":"Natural products are the raw material for drug discovery programmes. Bioactive natural products are used extensively in medicine and agriculture and have found utility as antibiotics, immunosuppressives, anti-cancer drugs and anthelminthics. Remarkably, the natural role and what mechanisms drive evolution of these molecules is relatively poorly understood. The exponential increase in genome and chemical data in recent years, coupled with technical advances in bioinformatics and genetics have enabled progress to be made in understanding the evolution of biosynthetic gene clusters and the products of their enzymatic machinery. Here we discuss the diversity of natural products, incorporating the mechanisms that govern evolution of metabolic pathways and how this can be applied to biosynthetic gene clusters. We build on the nomenclature of natural products in terms of primary, integrated, secondary and specialised metabolism and place this within an ecology-evolutionary-developmental biology framework. This eco-evo-devo framework we believe will help to clarify the nature and use of the term specialised metabolites in the future.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10045031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Bacterial metabolism and susceptibility to cell wall-active antibiotics. 细菌的新陈代谢和对细胞壁活性抗生素的敏感性。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-05-16 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.04.002

Megan Renee Keller, Tobias Dörr

引用次数: 0

Preface. 前言。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2911(23)00010-3

Robert K Poole, David J Kelly

引用次数: 0

Fumarate, a central electron acceptor for Enterobacteriaceae beyond fumarate respiration and energy conservation. 富马酸，一个中心电子受体的肠杆菌科超越富马酸呼吸和能量保存。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.002

Christopher Schubert, Gottfried Unden

{"title":"Fumarate, a central electron acceptor for Enterobacteriaceae beyond fumarate respiration and energy conservation.","authors":"Christopher Schubert, Gottfried Unden","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.002","url":null,"abstract":"C4-dicarboxylates (C4-DCs) such as fumarate, l-malate and l-aspartate are key substrates for Enterobacteria such as Escherichia coli or Salmonella typhimurium during anaerobic growth. In general, C4-DCs are oxidants during biosynthesis, e.g., of pyrimidine or heme, acceptors for redox balancing, a high-quality nitrogen source (l-aspartate) and electron acceptor for fumarate respiration. Fumarate reduction is required for efficient colonization of the murine intestine, even though the colon contains only small amounts of C4-DCs. However, fumarate can be produced endogenously by central metabolism, allowing autonomous production of an electron acceptor for biosynthesis and redox balancing. Bacteria possess a complex set of transporters for the uptake (DctA), antiport (DcuA, DcuB, TtdT) and excretion (DcuC) of C4-DCs. DctA and DcuB exert regulatory functions and link transport to metabolic control through interaction with regulatory proteins. The sensor kinase DcuS of the C4-DC two-component system DcuS-DcuR forms complexes with DctA (aerobic) or DcuB (anaerobic), representing the functional state of the sensor. Moreover, EIIAGlc from the glucose phospho-transferase system binds to DctA and presumably inhibits C4-DC uptake. Overall, the function of fumarate as an oxidant in biosynthesis and redox balancing explains the pivotal role of fumarate reductase for intestinal colonization, while the role of fumarate in energy conservation (fumarate respiration) is of minor importance.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9698209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Redefining the bacterial Type I protein secretion system. 重新定义细菌I型蛋白分泌系统。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.003

Freya J Hodges, Von Vergel L Torres, Adam F Cunningham, Ian R Henderson, Christopher Icke

{"title":"Redefining the bacterial Type I protein secretion system.","authors":"Freya J Hodges, Von Vergel L Torres, Adam F Cunningham, Ian R Henderson, Christopher Icke","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.ampbs.2022.10.003","url":null,"abstract":"Type I secretion systems (T1SS) are versatile molecular machines for protein transport across the Gram-negative cell envelope. The archetypal Type I system mediates secretion of the Escherichia coli hemolysin, HlyA. This system has remained the pre-eminent model of T1SS research since its discovery. The classic description of a T1SS is composed of three proteins: an inner membrane ABC transporter, a periplasmic adaptor protein and an outer membrane factor. According to this model, these components assemble to form a continuous channel across the cell envelope, an unfolded substrate molecule is then transported in a one-step mechanism, directly from the cytosol to the extracellular milieu. However, this model does not encapsulate the diversity of T1SS that have been characterized to date. In this review, we provide an updated definition of a T1SS, and propose the subdivision of this system into five subgroups. These subgroups are categorized as T1SSa for RTX proteins, T1SSb for non-RTX Ca2+-binding proteins, T1SSc for non-RTX proteins, T1SSd for class II microcins, and T1SSe for lipoprotein secretion. Although often overlooked in the literature, these alternative mechanisms of Type I protein secretion offer many avenues for biotechnological discovery and application.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9698207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Making a chink in their armor: Current and next-generation antimicrobial strategies against the bacterial cell envelope. 在他们的盔甲上制造缺口：针对细菌细胞包膜的当前和下一代抗菌策略。

2区生物学

Advances in Microbial Physiology Pub Date : 2023-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.003

Nikol Kadeřábková, Ayesha J S Mahmood, R Christopher D Furniss, Despoina A I Mavridou

{"title":"Making a chink in their armor: Current and next-generation antimicrobial strategies against the bacterial cell envelope.","authors":"Nikol Kadeřábková, Ayesha J S Mahmood, R Christopher D Furniss, Despoina A I Mavridou","doi":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/bs.ampbs.2023.05.003","url":null,"abstract":"Gram-negative bacteria are uniquely equipped to defeat antibiotics. Their outermost layer, the cell envelope, is a natural permeability barrier that contains an array of resistance proteins capable of neutralizing most existing antimicrobials. As a result, its presence creates a major obstacle for the treatment of resistant infections and for the development of new antibiotics. Despite this seemingly impenetrable armor, in-depth understanding of the cell envelope, including structural, functional and systems biology insights, has promoted efforts to target it that can ultimately lead to the generation of new antibacterial therapies. In this article, we broadly overview the biology of the cell envelope and highlight attempts and successes in generating inhibitors that impair its function or biogenesis. We argue that the very structure that has hampered antibiotic discovery for decades has untapped potential for the design of novel next-generation therapeutics against bacterial pathogens.","PeriodicalId":50953,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Microbial Physiology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10517717/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10538701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0