Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research最新文献

{"title":"Soil Properties Variation Valued in Relation to Land Use and Management Practices in Vietnam","authors":"K.H.T. Dinh, K. Shima","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-818","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-818","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Land use and management practices (LUMPs) have been accelerated globally to serve the increasing socio-economic requirements in recent decades. Methods: This study focuses to assess the impacts of the LUMPs on the properties and composition of soil in the Lam River Basin (LRB), Vietnam based on analysis of ninety-six soil samples collected in the soil profiles (0_60 cm). Result: The results indicated that the sand and clay ratios (34.0~35.7% and 16.2~19.9%) and bulk density (BD) (1.07±0.05~1.34 ± 0.06 Mg m-3) in the natural forest lands (NFLs) were lower and higher perturbed than the plantation forest lands (PFLs) (31.1~ 51.5%, 5.7~38.2% and 0.86 ± 0.03~1.12±0.05 Mg m-3) in the 0-20 cm topsoil layer. The soil texture is mainly sandy clay to clay loam and the BD tends slightly increase in the topsoil layer, then decrease in the 20-60 cm subsoil layer. There is no difference in soil pH between collected soil samples (CSSs) and tends to increase with increasing the subsoil layer. The base cations (BCs) (Ca2+, K+, Mg2+: 0.01~0.29, 0.06~0.11 and 0.06~0.07 Cmolc kg-1) and total organic contents (TOCs) (total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total phosphorus (TP): 24.11; 2.80 and 0.19 g kg-1) of the NFLs are higher than those of the CSSs (TC, TN, TP: 14.37~23.91, 1.62~2.28 and 0.08~0.17 g kg-1) in the topsoil layer while these values were not different in the topsoil layer.","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"5 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140367137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimized Protocol for in vitro Pollen Germination in Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)","authors":"A. Ginoya, J.B. Patel, I. Delvadiya","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6138","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Understanding floral and pollen biology is essential for efficient artificial hybridization in hybrid seed production. This knowledge helps ensure proper fertilization of the ovary and optimal fruit and seed set. Selecting suitable pollen parents and preserving pollen for future use allows for better control and optimization of hybridization practices in brinjal breeding programs. To achieve this, a robust protocol for pollen collection and viability testing is necessary to monitor pollen quality in the field and during storage. This information is crucial for maintaining desired characteristics and genetic traits in the resulting hybrid seeds. Methods: This study; aimed at optimizing the pollen germination assessment protocol for brinjal. The step wise modification standard medium composition was done, the optimal growth condition was tested and in vivo predictions were made. So, the study aimed to standardization of media for in vitro pollen germination evaluate and viability in brinjal in ambient as well as cold storage conditions. The pollen germination was tested in vitro as well in vivo, by incubating the pollen grains for 3 hours at 25°C in different concentrations of sucrose, boron and agar media and distilled water at interval of 12 hours. Result: The most favorable germination of fresh pollen was achieved with a treatment consisting of 1% Agar, 12% Sucrose and 300 ppm Boron. Comparing the two storage conditions, pollen stored in the refrigerator exhibited higher in vitro germination percentages compared to ambient storage conditions. The highest in vitro pollen germination and viability percentages were observed in fresh pollen collected within 12 hours (95.00%). As the duration of pollen storage increased in both storage conditions, the in vitro pollen germination decreased. This decline in in vitro pollen germination was reflected in the in vivo fertilization fruit set percentage. The highest fruit set percentage was observed when pollen was stored in the refrigerator (64.52%) and when female flowers were pollinated with pollen stored for less than 12 hours (84.66%).\u0000","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"44 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231492","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Variation in Physiological Traits of Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) Genotypes under High Temperature Stress","authors":"N. Pavithra, K. Jayalalitha, T. Sujatha, N. Harisatyanarayana, N. J. Lakshmi, V. Roja","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6142","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Blackgram is one of the important short duration pulse crop which is sensitive to high temperatures. The rising global temperatures are threatening the yield of blackgram by altering the physiological processes at cellular level. Keeping this in view, the present investigation was carried out for better understanding of genotypic variability and the physiological mechanisms governing heat stress tolerance which can help in identifying heat tolerant blackgram genotypes that can yield better under climate change scenarios. Methods: Thirty blackgram genotypes selected from temperature induction response technique were evaluated for physiological efficiency under natural high temperature conditions during summer, 2022 and 2023. Field experiment was conducted at Agricultural College Farm, Acharya N.G Ranga Agricultural University, Agricultural College, Bapatla. Physiological and yield parameters were recorded at flowering and the data were analyzed statistically and pooled. Result: Significant genetic variability was observed among the blackgram genotypes with respect to all the physiological traits under high temperature stress conditions. Among the 30 genotypes tested for thermotolerance, the genotypes TBG-129, PU-1804, LBG-1015, PU-31 and TBG-104 were found to withstand high temperature stress at reproductive stage by maintaining higher total chlorophyll, carotenoids, chlorophyll stability index, total biomass production, cooler canopies resulting into higher canopy temperature depression, less membrane injury index values and higher yield. Correlation analysis revealed a strong positive correlation for all the physiological traits with seed yield except membrane injury index under heat stress conditions. The PCA results revealed considerable variability among the traits accounting for 82.65% of total variability. The genotypes TBG-129, PU-1804, LBG-1015 and TBG-104 can be potentially used as donors in the breeding programmes for the development of heat tolerant genotypes.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140236108","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Response of Green Gram [Vigna radiata (L.) Wilczek] to Different Weed Management Practices","authors":"Shilurenla, D. Nongmaithem, N. A. Baite, L. Tzudir, A. Singh, Rekha Yadav","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6132","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Green gram is an important pulse crop known for its nutritive values as a rich source of protein and high culinary application in Indian dietary system. However, like any other crop, it faces the challenge of weed competition, which can significantly reduce its yield and quality. The objective of this study was to determine the best suitable weed management practices for green gram. Methods: Field experiment was conducted during summer season of 2021 at School of Agricultural Sciences, Nagaland University, Medziphema Campus. There were seven weed management treatments and one treatment kept as control. All treatments were replicated thrice. Result: Hand weeding at 20 and 40DAS showed greater weed control and recorded higher values in growth and yield and showed at par values with other weed management practices pre-emergence application of pendimethalin fb hand weeding at 20 DAS, Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg ha-1 (PE) fb Rice straw mulching @ 5 t ha-1, Imazethapyr @ 0.5 kg ha-1 (PoE) at 15 DAS fb Quizalofop p-ethyl @ 0.15 kg ha-1 (PoE) at 30 DAS and Pendimethalin @ 0.75 kg ha-1 (PE) fb Quizalofop p-ethyl @ 0.15 kg ha-1 (PoE) at 30 DAS. However, the use of only rice straw could not perform better. This indicates the advantages of integration of weed management practices. With hand weeding a laborious task concerning in large field condition, other integration of weed management will serve a viable option for profitable weed management in green gram.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"20 S1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140243156","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Silicon based Fertilizer and Biochar from Crop Residues on Dry Matter Accumulation and Si Uptake by Rice Crop in Central Vietnam","authors":"Thi Dieu Hoa Truong, T.D. Tran, D.T. Do, T.S. Trinh, T.T.H. Hoang","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-844","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Silicon (Si) has been considered a beneficial element for many plants. Si-rich biochar (Sichars) from rice husk or peanut shell have been suggested to be a potential source of bioavailable Si for Si-accumulator plants. Our study aimed to assess the Si-fertilization efficiency from chemical fertilizer and rice husk and peanut shell biochars on rice dry matter and shoot Si uptake. Methods: Pot trials were conducted in two crop seasons in 2023 (from February to April - spring season and from May to July- summer season) in the close net house. Treatments included 1 treatment with pure soil (control), 4 treatments with Si and N–P–K fertilizers and 6 treatments with biochar amendments and N-P–K fertilizers. These pot experiments were designed in the randomized complete block (RCBD) with 4 replications. Result: Shoot dry matter increased from 35.6 to 66.7% compared with control in different rates of Si fertilizer application and was also found the highest values in RHB and PSB at 15 g/kg soil application. Different Si and biochar application rates had a significant effect (P less than 0.05) on Si uptake by rice shoot. Therefore, Si-rich biochar considers as potential material for providing available Si to maintain the required level of available Si in soil and plant for healthy and high crop production.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"220 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140255979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of Recreational Potential Dendrological Collections of the Federal Scientific Centre of Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences","authors":"V.V. Vishnyakova, A.I. Belyaev, E.V. Kalmykova","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-830","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-830","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Dendrological collections and arboretums, being an integral part of the urban landscape, significant elements of its natural and ecological framework, as a rule, also perform recreational functions. The purpose of the study was to assess the recreational potential of dendrological collections and forest plantations of the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences for the formation of a program for the renovation of objects as significant elements of the natural-ecological framework of urbanized territories. Methods: The objects of the study are the dendrological collections of the Federal Scientific Center for Agroecology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which are located in the cities of Volgograd and Kamyshin, Volgograd region. A comprehensive assessment of objects was carried out according to a system of indicators that determine the qualitative characteristics of recreational potential, for each of which coefficients were calculated: CA- Attractiveness coefficient, CC- Comfort coefficient, CR- Resistance to recreational loads coefficient. Result: Analysis of the spatial distribution of assessment results makes it possible to use research materials to develop a targeted program of measures to increase the sustainability of ecosystems.\u0000","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"1 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140260142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Weed Flora Composition in Upland Direct Seeded Rice in Brahmaputra River Ecotones and Edges in Majuli District, Assam","authors":"Rashmi Rekha Borah, Animesh Gogoi, I. C. Barua","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6153","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6153","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The River Brahmaputra is one of the largest braided rivers in the world, where the island and bars (“Chapories”) are formed almost annually by erosion and deposition, which are good agricultural lands, as most of the depositions are extremely fertile and possess ready water source in close proximity. With an aim to depict the weed vegetation pattern in upland direct seeded rice ecosystem in such an ecotone zone, Chapories of Majuli district were surveyed during 2021 and 2022. Methods: One square meter quadrates were plotted in between 20 to 65 days after sowing (before flowering) of rice to study the weed status in the critical period of crop weed competition in four locations. Result: Study recorded altogether 55 species of weedy nature in four locations with as many as 39 broadleaved species belonging to 25 families, 3 sedges and 13 grasses, which represented a great diversity with several unusual species unique to chapori areas. Isolation of location - 4 by water channel has contributed in increasing dissimilarity with respect to weed flora, though river water might have had great role in distribution of weeds especially the stubble borne perennial species. The cumulative IVI of grass species was also 30.4 per cent higher in this isolated location than the non-grass species, unlike the locations that had land connectivity with shore areas.","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"24 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140262048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Integrated Plant Nutrient Management based on Soil Test Crop Response on Primary Plant Nutrients Uptake and Quality Parameters of Blackgram on Alfisols in Western Zone of Tamil Nadu, India","authors":"C. Krithika, R. Santhi, S. Maragatham, R. P. Devi, D. Vijayalakshmi","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6175","url":null,"abstract":"Background:Enhancing food security and nutrition for the expanding population is a significant concern. In this context, the application of inorganic fertilisers and organic manures and plays a pivotal role by supplying vital nutrients to plants. This practice elevates the nutrient content and overall nutritional quality of crops, thereby contributing substantially for meeting the nutritional requirements of a growing populace. Conversely, the repercussions of imbalanced nutrition are detrimental, leading to reduced agricultural productivity and soil fertility degradation. These factors, in turn, contribute to increased cultivation costs. Addressing this multifaceted issue necessitates a precise quantification of inorganic fertiliser integration with organic manures as an effective means of resolving these challenges. Methods: The current research was conducted on a farmer's holding, using blackgram (variety: VBN 11) in Thondamuthur block of Coimbatore district, Western Zone of Tamil Nadu to study the effect of different N, P2O5, K2O and IPNS dosages in nutrient acquisition and quality parameters. The treatments included absolute control, blanket, blanket + FYM, Soil Test Crop Response (STCR) based fertiliser dose for an yield target of 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 t ha-1, STCR-IPNS based fertiliser dose for an yield target of 1.0, 1.2 and 1.4 t ha-1 and farmer’s practice. Result: The highest nutrient uptake and quality parameters were recorded when employing STCR-IPNS at a targeted yield of 1.4 t ha⁻1. This finding strongly underscores the value of incorporating these practices into our agricultural approach. Doing so not only paves the way for sustainable, nutrient-rich food production but also effectively addresses the issue of imbalanced nutrition. Moreover, it plays a vital role in enhancing soil health. In sum, this comprehensive approach is pivotal in fortifying food security and elevating nutritional standards.","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"24 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140426139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Different Integrative Weed Management Tactics on Paddy (Oryza sativa L.) during kharif in terai Region of West Bengal","authors":"Pratonu Bandyopadhyay, Triptesh Mondal, Parthendu Poddar, Wasim Reza","doi":"10.18805/ijare.a-6156","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.a-6156","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Now a days chemical control measures alone develops resistance in different weed species. Integrative weed management techniques are more effective and sustainable than chemical management. Based on these facts, a field experiment was conducted during kharif, 2019 and 2020 at Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya to investigate the impact of integrative weed management treatments on growth attributes, yield attributes, yield, weed indices and economics of paddy. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with four replications. In each replication, five integrated weed management treatments were done namely, pretilachlor + paddy weeder (P1), pyrazosulfuron followed by metsulfuron methyl + chlorimuron ethyl (P2), bispyribac sodium + paddy weeder (P3), completely no weed (P4) and No treatment (P5). Result: Among the chemical and integrative weed control options, bispyribac sodium + paddy weeder i.e., treatment P3 showed significantly better results than others in case of all the growth attributes and yield attributes except 1000-grain weight. Significantly higher grain yield than all other treatments were recorded in treatment P4 i.e., complete weed free (6.68 t ha-1) followed by treatment P3 i.e., bispyribac sodium + paddy weeder (6.54 t ha-1). Among all the treatments, weed indices like weed control index (80.17, 72.30 and 82.51% at 30, 45 and 60 DAT, respectively) and weed control efficiency (76.48, 79.01 and 80.79% at 30, 45 and 60 DAT, respectively) showed highest results on all the dates whereas weed persistence index at 90 DAT (0.91) and weed index (2.10%) were calculated lowest in treatment P3 i.e., bispyribac sodium + paddy weeder after treatment P4 i.e., completely no weed treatment. This study also indicated rice treated with P4 i.e., weed free showed highest gross return (₹116700 ha-1) and rice treated with P3 i.e., bispyribac sodium at 15 DAT + paddy weeder at 30 DAT showed highest net return (₹59269 ha-1) and benefit:cost (2.07).\u0000","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"96 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140433608","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heavy Metal Contamination of Gray Forest Soil in Oilseed Agrocenoses using Mineral Fertilizers","authors":"D.V. Vinogradov, T. V. Zubkova","doi":"10.18805/ijare.af-698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.18805/ijare.af-698","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The purpose of the research is to study the features of contamination of dark gray forest soils with heavy metals and to establish the yield of oil cabbage crops as a result of the use of various levels of mineral nutrition in the conditions of the Non-black earth zone of Russia. Methods: The experiments were carried out on the dark gray forest soils of Ryazan region in crops of spring rape, white mustard and gray mustard (Sarepta). Soil sampling to determine HMs was carried out before the experiment. Determination of heavy metals was carried out by atomic absorption spectrometry using a semi-quantitative spectral method on a spectrophotometer in the laboratory of the State Station of the Agrochemical Service “Ryazanskaya” and the laboratories of the university. Result: The studied types and combinations of mineral fertilizers had effect on the growth and development of plants. The effectiveness of the use of mineral nutrition doses proves its high efficiency in studies with oilseed crops in the conditions of the Non-Chernozem zone of Russia. The highest yields, for spring rapeseed (19.3 dt ha-1), for gray mustard (13.7 dt ha-1) and white mustard (12.2 dt ha-1), were observed in the variants with the action of N90-120P60K60.","PeriodicalId":509288,"journal":{"name":"Indian Journal Of Agricultural Research","volume":"229 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140437991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}