Chayan Banerjee, Kien Nguyen, Olivier Salvado, Truyen Tran, Clinton Fookes
{"title":"Physics-informed Machine Learning for Medical Image Analysis","authors":"Chayan Banerjee, Kien Nguyen, Olivier Salvado, Truyen Tran, Clinton Fookes","doi":"10.1145/3768158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768158","url":null,"abstract":"The incorporation of physical information in machine learning frameworks is transforming medical image analysis (MIA). Integrating fundamental knowledge and governing physical laws not only improves analysis performance but also enhances the model’s robustness and interpretability. This work presents a systematic review of over 100 papers on the utility of PINNs dedicated to MIA (PIMIA) tasks. We propose a unified taxonomy to investigate what physics knowledge and processes are modeled, how they are represented, and the strategies to incorporate them into MIA models. We delve deep into a wide range of image analysis tasks, from imaging, generation, prediction, inverse imaging (super-resolution and reconstruction), registration, and image analysis (segmentation and classification). For each task, we thoroughly examine and present the central physics-guided operation, the region of interest (with respect to human anatomy), the corresponding imaging modality, the datasets used for model training, the deep network architectures employed, and the primary physical processes, equations, or principles utilized. Additionally, we also introduce a novel metric to compare the performance of PIMIA methods across different tasks and datasets. Based on this review, we summarize and distill our perspectives on the challenges, and highlight open research questions and directions for future research.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"52 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Namrata Chacko, Narendra V G, Mamatha B C, Manoj T
{"title":"Lightweight Consensus in Blockchain: A Systematic Literature Review","authors":"Namrata Chacko, Narendra V G, Mamatha B C, Manoj T","doi":"10.1145/3768149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768149","url":null,"abstract":"Blockchain technology has seen a rapid pace of development and expanded application domains swiftly due to the rising demand for decentralized trust, transparency, and integrity. The consensus algorithm plays a critical role in ensuring trust, immutability and governance of the decentralized network. However, traditional consensus face challenges such as high energy consumption, low scalability, security, and fault tolerance. Researchers have been investigating Lightweight Consensus to overcome these challenges. Lightweight Consensus is a mechanism that enables a more efficient and scalable blockchain system while ensuring security and immutability. This work uses the Systematic Literature Review method to comprehend Lightweight Consensus. 127 studies were grouped based on application specific network, and an in-depth analysis was done on the characteristics of the consensus. A novel taxonomy of Lightweight Consensus based on the agreement method and round propagation is proposed. Various parameters that needed consideration for a Lightweight Consensus are also analyzed. Finally, the study makes recommendations for future research on Lightweight Consensus in blockchain, emphasizing the importance of more empirical investigations and real-world implementations. This study offers a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape on lightweight consensus in blockchain, shedding light on its potential impact on the evolution of blockchain technology. It also serves as a valuable guide for researchers, helping them identify the most suitable consensus features for specific application domains with unique requirements.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Luke Topham, Peter Atherton, Tom Reynolds, Yasir Hussain, Abir Hussain, Hoshang Kolivand, Wasiq Khan
{"title":"Artificial Intelligence in Educational Technology: A Systematic Review of Datasets and Applications","authors":"Luke Topham, Peter Atherton, Tom Reynolds, Yasir Hussain, Abir Hussain, Hoshang Kolivand, Wasiq Khan","doi":"10.1145/3768312","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3768312","url":null,"abstract":"Artificial Intelligence (AI) has the potential to impact a diverse range of domains. For instance, AI for the education domain has received increasing interest with various applications, including predicting performance, curating learning materials, and automated assessment and feedback. Despite the developments, some imbalances appear in the literature; for example, traditional classrooms and non-scientific academic subjects received little attention. This survey provides a systematic review of the current trends in AI research for education, specifically addressing applications within secondary education (ages 11+) through to higher education (HE), and offers a detailed compilation of datasets and methods, facilitating a deeper understanding of the field and encouraging further investigation. It includes a thorough review of the datasets available to encourage and enable future research, development, and collaboration, as well as the establishment of performance benchmarks. Furthermore, this survey provides an overview of issues and problems arising from recent developments, which may aid policymakers in their decision-making and addressing ethical concerns and standards. For example, many AI in Education (AIEd) platforms are not grounded in educational theory. We also present several guidelines to aid future developments in AIEd, guiding long-term impactful projects and investments.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Nonnegative Matrix Factorization in Dimensionality Reduction: A Survey","authors":"Farid Saberi-Movahed, Kamal Berahmand, Razieh Sheikhpour, Yuefeng Li, Shirui Pan, Mahdi Jalili","doi":"10.1145/3767726","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3767726","url":null,"abstract":"Dimensionality Reduction plays a pivotal role in improving feature learning accuracy and reducing training time by eliminating redundant features, noise, and irrelevant data. Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (NMF) has emerged as a popular and powerful method for dimensionality reduction. Despite its extensive use, there remains a need for a comprehensive analysis of NMF in the context of dimensionality reduction. To bridge this gap, this paper presents a comprehensive survey of NMF, focusing on its applications in both feature extraction and feature selection. We propose a novel classification scheme for dimensionality reduction to enhance understanding of its core principles. Subsequently, we delve into a thorough summary of diverse NMF approaches used for feature extraction and selection. Furthermore, we discuss the latest research trends and potential future directions for leveraging NMF in dimensionality reduction, aiming to highlight areas that need further exploration and development.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"18 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072308","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jon Perez-Cerrolaza, Patricia Balbastre, Enrico Mezzetti, Alfons Crespo, Jon González Eguiluz, Miguel Martin Acosta, Charles-Alexis Lefebvre
{"title":"Virtualization Technology for Dependable Embedded Systems: A Survey for Transportation and Industrial Domains","authors":"Jon Perez-Cerrolaza, Patricia Balbastre, Enrico Mezzetti, Alfons Crespo, Jon González Eguiluz, Miguel Martin Acosta, Charles-Alexis Lefebvre","doi":"10.1145/3765736","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3765736","url":null,"abstract":"Next-generation transportation and industrial systems are characterized by a continuously increasing number of integrated software functionalities and computational performance requirements. Nevertheless, there is also a need to reduce the cost, number, size, power consumption, volume and weight of integrated dependable embedded systems. In this context, virtualization technology enables the reconciliation of these challenges supporting the integration of multiple software functionalities of mixed-criticality (real-time and non-real-time, safety and non-safety-related) on a single computing device. This survey provides an overview of virtualization solutions (hypervisors, microkernels and separation kernels) and categorizes research contributions addressing virtualization, real-time, dependability and domain-specific technological challenges.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145072125","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Systematic Literature Review of Inter-Commit Fine-Grained Source Code Changes: Assessing Readiness for Large-Scale Data Collection","authors":"Paweł Rzanny, Mirosław Ochodek","doi":"10.1145/3767321","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3767321","url":null,"abstract":"Fine-grained code change (FGCC) recording tools provide detailed insights into code evolution beyond what traditional version control systems offer, supporting the extensive data collection required for training modern machine learning models. This systematic review analyzed 92 primary studies and found that most FGCC tools were designed to support research on code evolution, developer collaboration, or education and are typically implemented as IDE plugins or client-server applications. Key challenges identified include limited interoperability, sustainability issues due to tight coupling with specific technologies, and privacy concerns. The review recommends developing standardized communication protocols and data schemas to improve FGCC tool integration and facilitate large-scale data collection for AI applications.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"171 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145071928","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Anastassia Gharib, Jason Jaskolka, Mohamed Ibnkahla, Ashraf Matrawy
{"title":"Security Management of Horizontal IoT Platforms: A Survey and Comparison","authors":"Anastassia Gharib, Jason Jaskolka, Mohamed Ibnkahla, Ashraf Matrawy","doi":"10.1145/3766888","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3766888","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of Industry 4.0, horizontal Internet of Things (IoT) platforms are becoming a standardized approach for managing interoperability within complex and heterogeneous IoT systems. Horizontal IoT platforms are software solutions that provide overall IoT system orchestration and management. They work to facilitate IoT services and resources, where security management remains one of the main challenges. This paper provides a survey and comparison of security management in IoT systems using horizontal IoT platforms. For this purpose, we first define and compare vertical and horizontal IoT platforms. Although vertical IoT platforms provide solutions to many industries, horizontal IoT platforms improve system connectivity by interconnecting multiple vertical domains. We then describe the security management functionalities of horizontal IoT platforms. With these in mind, we perform a comparative study on the current state of security management approaches of existing horizontal IoT platforms. Particularly, we survey and compare the security management features of the selected standard-based reference implementations. Through discussions, we cover concerns that researchers and developers should be aware of when selecting specific reference implementations for their works. Finally, we identify open issues in the existing security management principles of these reference implementations to be addressed in future studies and practical implementations.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"53 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Francesc Rodríguez-Díaz, David Gutiérrez-Avilés, Alicia Troncoso, Francisco Martínez-Álvarez
{"title":"A Survey of Quantum Machine Learning: Foundations, Algorithms, Frameworks, Data and Applications","authors":"Francesc Rodríguez-Díaz, David Gutiérrez-Avilés, Alicia Troncoso, Francisco Martínez-Álvarez","doi":"10.1145/3764582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3764582","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum machine learning combines quantum computing with machine learning to solve complex computational problems more efficiently than classical approaches. This survey provides an introduction to the foundations, algorithms, frameworks, data and applications of quantum machine learning, serving as a resource for researchers and practitioners. We begin by reviewing existing surveys to identify gaps that this work addresses, followed by a detailed discussion of the foundational principles of quantum mechanics and machine learning essential for quantum machine learning. Key algorithms are examined, highlighting their mechanisms, advantages, and applications across various domains. Current frameworks and platforms for implementing quantum machine learning algorithms are explored, emphasizing their unique features and suitability for different contexts. Existing quantum datasets for practical usage are also reported and commented on. This survey also reviews over 135 papers, categorized into theoretical and practical contributions, to identify key advances, limitations, and application areas within quantum machine learning. Critical challenges such as hardware limitations, error rates, and scalability are analyzed to detect the obstacles that must be addressed for practical deployment. By synthesizing these elements into a structured overview, this survey aims to serve as both an introduction and a guide for advancing research and development in this disruptive field.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035278","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Survey of Fundamental Principles and Analysis for Job Scheduling on Warehouse-Scale Computers","authors":"Kevin Exton, Maria Rodriguez Read","doi":"10.1145/3766543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3766543","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last ten years, the search for efficient scheduling algorithms that can cope with heterogeneous workload demands on large (warehouse) scale computers has reached a feverish tempo. We focus on examining scheduling techniques for highly parallelizable jobs on warehouse-scale computers through the lens of basic results in relevant fundamental theories. The objective of this survey is to connect the disparate scheduling ideas and approaches in the literature under a loose framework of mathematical results that can be used to compare superficially different scheduling methodologies under a common goal. As the mathematical problem is NP-Hard in general, we do not emphasize rigorous mathematical proof, rather, we advocate for the use of mathematical results to guide intuition. We provide readers with some basic tools to use in navigating the fragmented research around job scheduling for distributed applications. We also highlight some common misunderstandings of fundamental theory in the literature that are skewing results and may be limiting research progress.","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Survey on Spatio-Temporal Prediction: From Transformers to Foundation Models","authors":"Yingchi Mao, Hongliang Zhou, Ling Chen, Rongzhi Qi, Zhende Sun, Yi Rong, Xiaoming He, Mingkai Chen, Shahid Mumtaz, Valerio Frascolla, Mohsen Guizani, Joel Rodrigues","doi":"10.1145/3766546","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3766546","url":null,"abstract":"Spatio-Temporal (ST) data is pervasive on the various aspects in our daily lives. By mining the ST information from the data, we are able to predict trends in numerous domains. The Transformer, and one of its more recent enhancements, foundation models, have achieved a remarkable success in such ST prediction. In this paper, we first survey the state of the art of Transformers-related work, then introduce the network architecture of the Transformer and summarize the improvements to adapt to the ST prediction Transformer and foundation models, including module enhancement and adjustment. Subsequently, we categorize the ST Transformer and foundation models in selected applications in some relevant domains, mainly urban transportation, climate monitoring, and motion prediction. Next, we propose an evaluation method in the ST prediction with Transformers and foundation models, list the most relevant open-source datasets, evaluation metrics and performance analysis. Finally, we discuss some future directions on the task of ST prediction with Transformer and foundation models. <jats:styled-content style=\"black\">Relevant papers and open-source resources have been collated and are continuously updated at: https://github.com/cyhforlight/Spatio-Temporal-Prediction-Transformer-Review.</jats:styled-content>","PeriodicalId":50926,"journal":{"name":"ACM Computing Surveys","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":16.6,"publicationDate":"2025-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145035281","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}