Lightweight Consensus in Blockchain: A Systematic Literature Review

IF 28 1区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, THEORY & METHODS

ACM Computing Surveys Pub Date : 2025-09-15 DOI:10.1145/3768149

Namrata Chacko, Narendra V G, Mamatha B C, Manoj T

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Blockchain technology has seen a rapid pace of development and expanded application domains swiftly due to the rising demand for decentralized trust, transparency, and integrity. The consensus algorithm plays a critical role in ensuring trust, immutability and governance of the decentralized network. However, traditional consensus face challenges such as high energy consumption, low scalability, security, and fault tolerance. Researchers have been investigating Lightweight Consensus to overcome these challenges. Lightweight Consensus is a mechanism that enables a more efficient and scalable blockchain system while ensuring security and immutability. This work uses the Systematic Literature Review method to comprehend Lightweight Consensus. 127 studies were grouped based on application specific network, and an in-depth analysis was done on the characteristics of the consensus. A novel taxonomy of Lightweight Consensus based on the agreement method and round propagation is proposed. Various parameters that needed consideration for a Lightweight Consensus are also analyzed. Finally, the study makes recommendations for future research on Lightweight Consensus in blockchain, emphasizing the importance of more empirical investigations and real-world implementations. This study offers a comprehensive overview of the current research landscape on lightweight consensus in blockchain, shedding light on its potential impact on the evolution of blockchain technology. It also serves as a valuable guide for researchers, helping them identify the most suitable consensus features for specific application domains with unique requirements.

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b区块链的轻量级共识：系统文献综述

由于对分散信任、透明度和完整性的需求不断增长，区块链技术的发展速度很快，应用领域也迅速扩大。共识算法在保证去中心化网络的信任、不变性和治理方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，传统共识面临着能耗高、可扩展性差、安全性差、容错性差等问题。研究人员一直在研究轻量级共识来克服这些挑战。轻量级共识是一种机制，可以在确保安全性和不可变性的同时实现更高效和可扩展的区块链系统。本文采用系统文献综述的方法来理解轻量级共识，将127项研究基于特定应用网络进行分组，并对共识的特征进行深入分析。提出了一种基于协议方法和轮传播的轻量级共识分类法。还分析了轻量级共识需要考虑的各种参数。最后，本研究对b区块链中轻量级共识的未来研究提出了建议，强调了更多实证调查和现实世界实现的重要性。本研究全面概述了目前区块链轻量化共识的研究现状，揭示了其对区块链技术发展的潜在影响。它还为研究人员提供了有价值的指南，帮助他们为具有独特需求的特定应用领域确定最合适的共识特征。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

ACM Computing Surveys 工程技术-计算机：理论方法

CiteScore

33.20

自引率

0.60%

发文量

372

审稿时长

12 months

期刊介绍： ACM Computing Surveys is an academic journal that focuses on publishing surveys and tutorials on various areas of computing research and practice. The journal aims to provide comprehensive and easily understandable articles that guide readers through the literature and help them understand topics outside their specialties. In terms of impact, CSUR has a high reputation with a 2022 Impact Factor of 16.6. It is ranked 3rd out of 111 journals in the field of Computer Science Theory & Methods. ACM Computing Surveys is indexed and abstracted in various services, including AI2 Semantic Scholar, Baidu, Clarivate/ISI: JCR, CNKI, DeepDyve, DTU, EBSCO: EDS/HOST, and IET Inspec, among others.