Stresses Pub Date : 2024-07-25 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4030030

Pretty Mthiyane, Murat Aycan, Toshiaki Mitsui

{"title":"Strategic Advancements in Rice Cultivation: Combating Heat Stress through Genetic Innovation and Sustainable Practices—A Review","authors":"Pretty Mthiyane, Murat Aycan, Toshiaki Mitsui","doi":"10.3390/stresses4030030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4030030","url":null,"abstract":"Rice is one of the most important staple foods globally, sustaining over half of the world’s population. However, the sustainability of grain production is increasingly threatened by heat stress, which is intensified by global climate change. Heat stress, characterized by temperatures exceeding crop-specific optimal growth thresholds, significantly impacts the rice yield and quality, particularly during critical reproductive stages. This review synthesizes current research on strategies to mitigate heat stress in rice through genetic and agronomic approaches. It highlights the implementation of advanced genetic tools such as marker-assisted selection (MAS) and genomic selection (GS) to accelerate the breeding of heat-tolerant rice varieties. Additionally, it discusses sustainable agronomic practices, including adjusting planting dates, optimizing water management, and crop rotation, which enhance resilience to heat stress. The objective of this review is to bridge the gap between research findings and practical agricultural applications, providing a comprehensive resource that guides future research directions and informs policy interventions. This review emphasizes the importance of integrating genetic innovations with traditional and modern farming practices to develop rice varieties that can withstand the adverse effects of heat stress, ensuring food security and agricultural sustainability in the face of climatic challenges.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"37 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141804274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Environmental Cadmium Exposure Induces an Increase in Systolic Blood Pressure by Its Effect on GFR 环境镉暴露通过影响肾小球滤过率诱发收缩压升高

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-07-15 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4030029

S. Satarug, D. Vesey, Supabhorn Yimthiang, Tanaporn Khamphaya, P. Pouyfung, A. B. Đorđević

{"title":"Environmental Cadmium Exposure Induces an Increase in Systolic Blood Pressure by Its Effect on GFR","authors":"S. Satarug, D. Vesey, Supabhorn Yimthiang, Tanaporn Khamphaya, P. Pouyfung, A. B. Đorđević","doi":"10.3390/stresses4030029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4030029","url":null,"abstract":"Chronic exposure to the nephrotoxic metal pollutant, cadmium (Cd), has been associated with hypertension, but the mechanism by which it raises blood pressure is not understood. We hypothesize that exposure to Cd reduces the glomerular filtration rate (GFR), which in turn causes a rise in blood pressure. Data were collected from 447 Thai subjects with a mean age of 51.1 years, of which 48.8% had hypertension, 15.4% had diabetes, and 6.9% had an estimated GFR (eGFR) below 60 mL/min/1.73 m2 (low eGFR). More than half (58.8%) and 23.9% had moderate and severe tubular proteinuria, respectively. The mean blood and urinary Cd concentrations were 2.75 and 4.23 µg/L, respectively. Doubling of body burden of Cd increased the prevalence odds ratios (POR) for low eGFR and severe tubular proteinuria 41% and 48%, respectively. The POR for hypertension rose twofold in those with blood Cd levels of 0.61–1.69 µg/L or urinary Cd excretion levels ≥ 0.98 µg/g creatinine. In the hypertensive group, the eGFR was inversely associated with age (β = −0.517), the Cd excretion rate (β = −0.177), and diabetes (β = −0.175). By mediation analysis, an increase in SBP was attributable totally to the effect of Cd on GFR. Thus, blood pressure appeared to rise as GFR fell. This finding is consistent with the well-known role of the kidney in long-term blood pressure regulation, and explains a universally high prevalence of hypertension among patients with low eGFR.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"47 24","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141649002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silica Wort Supplementation as an Alternative for Yeast Stress Relief on Corn Ethanol Production with Cell Recycling 在玉米乙醇生产中补充麦芽汁硅作为细胞循环的酵母应激缓解替代品

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-07-08 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4030028

M. Oliveira, R. Douradinho, P. Sica, L. Mota, A. Pinto, T. Faria, A. Baptista

{"title":"Silica Wort Supplementation as an Alternative for Yeast Stress Relief on Corn Ethanol Production with Cell Recycling","authors":"M. Oliveira, R. Douradinho, P. Sica, L. Mota, A. Pinto, T. Faria, A. Baptista","doi":"10.3390/stresses4030028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4030028","url":null,"abstract":"In very high gravity (VHG) fermentation, yeast cells are subjected to a multitude of challenging conditions, including the osmotic pressure exerted by the high sugar content of the wort and the stress factors associated with the high ethanol concentrations present at the end of the fermentation cycle. The response of this biological system to abiotic stresses may be enhanced through biochemical and physiological routes. Silica may play a significant role in regulating the cellular homeostasis of yeast. Alternatively, it is expected that this outcome may be achieved through biochemical responses from the effects of vitamins on yeast cells and the physiological yeast route changing by the culture medium aeration. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of adding 500 mg L−1 of silica on corn ethanol wort medium and the possibility of supplementing the same wort with vitamins alongside aeration (0.2 v v−1 min−1) as an alternative resource to sustain the fermentation yield rather than adding silica in a fed-batch fermentation cycle with yeast recycling. Upon completion of the five fermentation cycles, yeast samples subjected to the treatment with the addition of silica exhibited a 3.1% higher fermentation yield in comparison to the results observed in the vitamins plus aeration medium bath. Even though greater biomass production (19.1 g L−1) was observed through aerobic yeast behavior in vitaminized supplemented corn medium, the provided silica had a more beneficial effect on yeast stress relief for very high gravity fermentation in a corn hydrolyzed wort with cell recycling.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"113 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141668039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Cell-Type-Specific Effect of Innate Immune Signaling on Stress Granules 先天性免疫信号对应激颗粒的细胞类型特异性影响

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-07-05 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4030027

Prem Prasad Lamichhane, Aditi, Xuping Xie, Parimal Samir

{"title":"Cell-Type-Specific Effect of Innate Immune Signaling on Stress Granules","authors":"Prem Prasad Lamichhane, Aditi, Xuping Xie, Parimal Samir","doi":"10.3390/stresses4030027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4030027","url":null,"abstract":"Stress granules (SGs) are cytoplasmic membraneless compartments that can form in stressed cells. There is an intricate relationship between SGs and innate immune signaling pathways. A previous study reported that the innate immune signaling mediated by Toll-like receptors (TLRs) can inhibit SGs induced by endoplasmic reticulum stress (ER stress) in bone-marrow-derived macrophages (BMDMs) and the chemotherapy drug oxaliplatin in B16 melanoma cells. We wanted to test if this observation can be generalized to other cell types. First, we recapitulated the results from the previous study showing TLR signaling-mediated inhibition of SGs in BMDMs induced by ER stress. However, SGs formed in response to ER stress were either not inhibited or only very weakly inhibited by TLR4 stimulation in human lung cancer-derived A549 cells, murine immortalized mouse lung fibroblasts (iMLFs) and primary murine mouse lung fibroblasts. This correlated with a weak induction of IKK complex kinase activity by TLR4 stimulation in these cells. SGs formed by sodium arsenite treatment also remained unaffected by TLR4 signaling. Our results indicate that the innate immune signaling-mediated inhibition of SGs is cell-type-dependent, thus opening a new avenue for mechanistic studies of the crosstalk between innate immune and stress signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"121 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141674085","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Do Morphological Variations in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Strains Indicate Differences in Aggressiveness? 硬孢菌菌株的形态变异是否表明其攻击性存在差异？

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-06-07 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020024

Ramóna Vizi, József Kiss, György Turóczi, Nóra Dobra, Zoltán Pálinkás

{"title":"Do Morphological Variations in Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Strains Indicate Differences in Aggressiveness?","authors":"Ramóna Vizi, József Kiss, György Turóczi, Nóra Dobra, Zoltán Pálinkás","doi":"10.3390/stresses4020024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4020024","url":null,"abstract":"White mold (Sclerotinia sclerotiorum de Bary) is one of the most important fungal diseases of winter oilseed rape (OSR). Since the pathogen can persist in the soil for a long time with its sclerotia, prevention and non-chemical methods (specifically biological agents) are important pillars in the integrated plant protection strategy against this pathogen. Mapping the intraspecific variability of the pathogen is an important step in the development of resistance to S. sclerotiorum. S. sclerotiorum isolates were collected from different OSR growing locations in Hungary during the 2020/21 and 2021/22 growing seasons. The morphological characteristics of sclerotia obtained from infected OSR stems were studied in the laboratory, and seedlings of four OSR hybrids were infected in vitro with isolates. The strains from four locations have different morphological characteristics. Significant differences in the level of aggressivity were also observed between strains; a correlation was also found between mycelial growth after 24 h, weight of sclerotia, and aggressivity. Among the four tested hybrids, OSR PT271 proved to be the most susceptible to most S. sclerotinia strains.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141371430","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring Serum Copeptin and Hematological Profile: A Comparative Analysis after Intradermal versus Intramuscular Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Vaccination in Piglets 探索血清 Copeptin 和血液学特征：仔猪皮内注射与肌肉注射猪繁殖与呼吸综合征病毒疫苗后的比较分析

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-06-05 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020023

Georgios Maragkakis, E. Katsogiannou, G. Papakonstantinou, L. Korou, S. Chaintoutis, P. Konstantopoulos, Despoina N. Perrea, G. Christodoulopoulos, L. Athanasiou, V. Papatsiros

{"title":"Exploring Serum Copeptin and Hematological Profile: A Comparative Analysis after Intradermal versus Intramuscular Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Virus Vaccination in Piglets","authors":"Georgios Maragkakis, E. Katsogiannou, G. Papakonstantinou, L. Korou, S. Chaintoutis, P. Konstantopoulos, Despoina N. Perrea, G. Christodoulopoulos, L. Athanasiou, V. Papatsiros","doi":"10.3390/stresses4020023","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4020023","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the impact of intradermal (ID) and intramuscular (IM) vaccination with a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV)-modified live vaccine (MLV) in piglets on serum copeptin levels and hematological profile. This study included 104 suckling piglets (2 weeks of age) from a commercial farrow-to-finish pig farm suffering from positive unstable PRRSV status. Animals were assigned to four groups, with two replicates (13 piglets/group/replicate); group A: IM vaccination with a PRRSV MLV vaccine, group B: ID vaccination with the same vaccine, group C: ID of Diluvac Forte, and group D: IM of Diluvac Forte. Blood samples were collected from the same three pigs/group/replicate at 4, 7, and 10 weeks of age. Blood samples were used for the performance of the complete blood count, and they were also examined by PCR for PRRSV and by ELISA for copeptin. No significant differences in serum copeptin levels and the number of blood cell counts (packed cell volume—PCV, numbers of white blood cells—WBCs, and platelets number—PLTs) were noticed in the same group over time and among groups. In conclusion, it seems that the vaccination against PRRSV does not affect the levels of the released copeptin. Based on our results, the measurement of serum copeptin could not be proposed as a potential stress biomarker in pigs.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"53 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141383133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Insights into Key Biometric, Physiological and Biochemical Markers of Magnesium (Mg) Deficiency Stress in the Halophyte Cakile maritima 透视卤虫 Cakile maritima 镁（Mg）缺乏应激的关键生物计量、生理和生化指标

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020022

Hayet Houmani, Rabaa Hidri, N. Farhat, A. Debez

{"title":"Insights into Key Biometric, Physiological and Biochemical Markers of Magnesium (Mg) Deficiency Stress in the Halophyte Cakile maritima","authors":"Hayet Houmani, Rabaa Hidri, N. Farhat, A. Debez","doi":"10.3390/stresses4020022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4020022","url":null,"abstract":"Magnesium is a key element for plant growth and development. Plant responses to Mg deficiency were well investigated, especially in glycophytes. Such responses include a reduction in plant growth and biomass allocation between shoots and roots, photosynthates partitioning from source to sink organs, the accumulation of carbohydrates, and an induction of several Mg transporters. Some physiological and biochemical parameters are good markers of Mg deficiency stress even though they are not well investigated. In the present study, the halophyte Cakile maritima was subjected to Mg shortage, and several Mg stress indices were analyzed. Our data showed that Mg starvation affected shoot and plant length, leaf number, and plant organ growth. A significant decrease in chlorophyll synthesis and photosynthetic activity was also recorded. Mg deficiency triggered oxidative damage as electrolyte leakage and lipid peroxidation were increased by Mg deficiency while the membrane stability index decreased. For a deeper understanding of the effect of Mg starvation on C. maritima, several tolerance stress indices were evaluated, demonstrating a negative impact of Mg stress on almost all those parameters. This study provided important insights on several markers of Mg deficiency stress, which were informative by themselves as unique and early signals of Mg deficiency stress in this halophyte.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"32 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141106315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Science Behind Stress: From Theory to Clinic, Is Basal Septal Hypertrophy the Missing Link between Hypertension and Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy? 压力背后的科学：从理论到临床，基底隔膜肥厚是高血压和塔克苏博心肌病之间缺失的环节吗？

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020021

Boran Çağatay, Fatih Yalçin, Adnan Kıraç, Nagehan Küçükler, Maria Roselle Abraham

{"title":"The Science Behind Stress: From Theory to Clinic, Is Basal Septal Hypertrophy the Missing Link between Hypertension and Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy?","authors":"Boran Çağatay, Fatih Yalçin, Adnan Kıraç, Nagehan Küçükler, Maria Roselle Abraham","doi":"10.3390/stresses4020021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4020021","url":null,"abstract":"The modern theory of stress, initially proposed by Hans Selye in 1956, signifies an important development in our understanding of this phenomenon. Selye’s The Stress of Life serves as a foundational book for subsequent scientific questions. In this article, we focus on a comprehensive look at stress and use a literature review to explain its theoretical foundations as well as its clinical equivalent. Our research focuses on the complex mechanisms of stress, with a particular emphasis on the consequences of cardiac remodeling and adaptation processes. Myocardial remodeling might be seen as a response to increased stress in acute or chronic situations. Stressed heart morphology (SHM) is a very interesting description representing basal septal hypertrophy (BSH), which is detectable in both acute emotional stress and chronic stress due to increased afterload in hypertension. Acute stress cardiomyopathy (ASC) and hypertension in the same individuals could be clinically linked. Also, in this report, we mention the geometric and functional similarity of the left ventricle (LV) septal base in both acute and chronic clinical situations. Therefore, cardiac imaging methods are crucial to assessing LV segmental aspects in ASC patients. We propose a new paradigm that ASC may develop in hypertensive patients with SHM. We document the segmental progression of microscopic LV remodeling using a third-generation microscopic ultrasound and note that BSH takes a longer time to occur morphologically than an acutely developed syndrome. However, the majority of ASC events have a predominant base, and the absence of segmental remodeling details, including BSH and cardiac decompensation with apical ballooning, on echocardiographic reports may mask the possible underlying hypertensive disease. In fact, beyond ASC cases, previously undiagnosed hypertension is very common, even in developed countries, and is associated with masked target organ damage.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"6 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Comparison of the Waterlogging Tolerance and Morphological Responses of Five Urochloa spp. Grasses 比较五种 Urochloa 草属植物的耐涝性和形态反应

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020020

Rafael Marzall Amaral, Lesly Astrid Calva Sarango, C. E. R. Reis, Tulio Otávio Jardim D’almeida Lins, Ericka Beatriz Schultz, Daniel Carballo Guerrero

{"title":"Comparison of the Waterlogging Tolerance and Morphological Responses of Five Urochloa spp. Grasses","authors":"Rafael Marzall Amaral, Lesly Astrid Calva Sarango, C. E. R. Reis, Tulio Otávio Jardim D’almeida Lins, Ericka Beatriz Schultz, Daniel Carballo Guerrero","doi":"10.3390/stresses4020020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4020020","url":null,"abstract":"Periods with high precipitation and temporary waterlogging in the humid tropics are challenging to the production and survival of some grasses of the genus Urochloa. This study aimed to evaluate the tolerance of five types of grass belonging to the genus Urochloa under waterlogging conditions through productive and morphological traits. The grasses [U. arrecta (Tanner), U. arrecta x U. mutica (Brachipará), U. brizantha cv. Marandú, U. hybrid cv. Cayman and U. humidicola cv. Llanero] were planted in pots and kept under field capacity for 33 days; then, half of them were submitted to (i) field capacity (33% humidity retention) and the other half were submitted to (ii) waterlogging conditions (2 cm of water above soil level) for 28 days. In this study, Tanner and Brachipará grasses showed higher dry shoot mass under waterlogging conditions, which were followed by Llanero, Cayman, and Marandú, respectively. Llanero, Tanner, and Brachipará presented higher waterlogging tolerance coefficients, 78.7, 76.5, and 64.5, respectively, being less affected than Cayman and Marandú (41.0 and 23.1, respectively). Brachipará, Tanner, and Cayman presented a higher root volume under waterlogging conditions, while Marandú root volume decreased by 88.77%. The Tanner, Brachipará, and Llanero genotypes were more tolerant to poorly drained or waterlogged soils than Cayman and Marandú genotypes.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":" 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140999238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Gene and Protein Expression of Placental Nutrient-Stress Sensor Proteins in Fetal Growth Restriction 胎儿生长受限时胎盘营养压力传感器蛋白的基因和蛋白质表达

Stresses Pub Date : 2024-04-16 DOI: 10.3390/stresses4020019

Elizabeth Morgan, Grace Chung, Seokwon Jo, Briana Clifton, S. Wernimont, E. Alejandro

{"title":"Gene and Protein Expression of Placental Nutrient-Stress Sensor Proteins in Fetal Growth Restriction","authors":"Elizabeth Morgan, Grace Chung, Seokwon Jo, Briana Clifton, S. Wernimont, E. Alejandro","doi":"10.3390/stresses4020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/stresses4020019","url":null,"abstract":"Fetal growth restriction (FGR) and low birth weight increase the risk of non-communicable diseases such as type 2 diabetes and heart failure in adulthood. Placental insufficiency is widely considered a major contributor to FGR. Two crucial placental proteins involved in nutrient and stress sensing—O-linked N-acetylglucosamine transferase (OGT) and mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase—play roles in post-translational protein modification and protein translation, influencing cellular growth and metabolism in response to maternal stress, hypoxia, and nutritional status in the placenta. In our study, we examined the gene and protein profiles of OGT and mTOR in FGR and control placentae, comparing those appropriate for gestational age (AGA), while also considering potential confounding effects of fetal sex and delivery mode. Our findings revealed no significant differences in gene expression, protein levels, or activity of OGT, OGA, mTOR, or their associated markers between female AGA and FGR cesarean placentae, nor between female AGA and male AGA cesarean placentae. Additionally, the mode of delivery in female AGA placentae did not affect the levels or activity of these proteins. Overall, our study did not observe significant differences in nutrient sensor protein expression after stratifying by FGR, sex, and delivery mode. Nevertheless, these unbiased results provide a more comprehensive understanding of the complexities of placental gene expression involving OGT and mTOR.","PeriodicalId":508968,"journal":{"name":"Stresses","volume":"138 4‐5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140698479","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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