Advances in Clinical Chemistry最新文献_第6页

Myostatin: Basic biology to clinical application. 肌肉生长抑制素:从生物学基础到临床应用。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-11-17 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.006

Pasquale Esposito, Daniela Picciotto, Yuri Battaglia, Francesca Costigliolo, Francesca Viazzi, Daniela Verzola

{"title":"Myostatin: Basic biology to clinical application.","authors":"Pasquale Esposito, Daniela Picciotto, Yuri Battaglia, Francesca Costigliolo, Francesca Viazzi, Daniela Verzola","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.006","url":null,"abstract":"Myostatin is a member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β superfamily. It is expressed by animal and human skeletal muscle cells where it limits muscle growth and promotes protein breakdown. Its effects are influenced by complex mechanisms including transcriptional and epigenetic regulation and modulation by extracellular binding proteins. Due to its actions in promoting muscle atrophy and cachexia, myostatin has been investigated as a promising therapeutic target to counteract muscle mass loss in experimental models and patients affected by different muscle-wasting conditions. Moreover, growing evidence indicates that myostatin, beyond to regulate skeletal muscle growth, may have a role in many physiologic and pathologic processes, such as obesity, insulin resistance, cardiovascular and chronic kidney disease. In this chapter, we review myostatin biology, including intracellular and extracellular regulatory pathways, and the role of myostatin in modulating physiologic processes, such as muscle growth and aging. Moreover, we discuss the most relevant experimental and clinical evidence supporting the extra-muscle effects of myostatin. Finally, we consider the main strategies developed and tested to inhibit myostatin in clinical trials and discuss the limits and future perspectives of the research on myostatin.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"106 ","pages":"181-234"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39913601","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 13

Preface. 前言。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2423(22)00008-7

Gregory S Makowski

引用次数: 0

Urinary exosomes: Diagnostic impact with a bioinformatic approach. 尿外泌体:生物信息学方法对诊断的影响。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-11-08 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.07.002

Luis Perpetuo, Rita Ferreira, Visith Thongboonkerd, Sofia Guedes, Francisco Amado, Rui Vitorino

{"title":"Urinary exosomes: Diagnostic impact with a bioinformatic approach.","authors":"Luis Perpetuo, Rita Ferreira, Visith Thongboonkerd, Sofia Guedes, Francisco Amado, Rui Vitorino","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2022.07.002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2022.07.002","url":null,"abstract":"Exosomes are tiny membrane-enveloped vesicles of endosomal origin, typically 40-120nm in diameter, produced by most cells in both normal and pathological situations. These exosomes can be isolated from all biofluids, including urine. In this context, many researchers have focused on the analysis of urinary exosomes because urine can be collected in large quantities, regularly, and with minimal effort. Exosomes contain phospholipids, cholesterol, proteins, glycoconjugates, nucleic acids, and metabolites. Because all organs and tissues produce exosomes, their molecular cargo can provide first-hand information about the physiological and biological state of the site of origin. Many potential disease biomarker candidates have already been identified in urinary exosomes. In this chapter, we performed a bibliometric analysis of the keywords \"exosome(s)\" and \"urine\" to identify related terms, diseases and molecular/biological processes, and other related terms. This yielded interesting results suggesting that exosomes in urine may play a role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Moreover, this chapter discusses exosomes isolation and characterization methodologies and highlight the importance of urinary exosomes and their role in the diagnosis, prognosis and therapy of various diseases. We offer a bibliometric approach and an in-depth analysis on several exosomes' isolation techniques, diagnostic potential for urogenital and specific non-urogenital diseases, as well as an overview of miRNAs significance on urinary exosomes, conferring a more complete status to this review, something that was still lacking in the current literature.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"69-99"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40487094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Exosomes as diagnostic tools. 外泌体作为诊断工具。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.06.004

Shweta Gupta, P B Mazumder

引用次数: 2

Molecular and cellular functions of long non-coding RNAs in prostate and breast cancer. 长链非编码rna在前列腺癌和乳腺癌中的分子和细胞功能。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-12-06 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.005

Yuan-Shan Zhu, Jifeng Zhu

{"title":"Molecular and cellular functions of long non-coding RNAs in prostate and breast cancer.","authors":"Yuan-Shan Zhu, Jifeng Zhu","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2021.09.005","url":null,"abstract":"Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are defined as noncoding RNA transcripts with a length greater than 200 nucleotides. Research over the last decade has made great strides in our understanding of lncRNAs, especially in the biology of their role in cancer. In this article, we will briefly discuss the biogenesis and characteristics of lncRNAs, then review their molecular and cellular functions in cancer by using prostate and breast cancer as examples. LncRNAs are abundant, diverse, and evolutionarily, less conserved than protein-coding genes. They are often expressed in a tumor and cell-specific manner. As a key epigenetic factor, lncRNAs can use a wide variety of molecular mechanisms to regulate gene expression at each step of the genetic information flow pathway. LncRNAs display widespread effects on cell behavior, tumor growth, and metastasis. They act intracellularly and extracellularly in an autocrine, paracrine and endocrine fashion. Increased understanding of lncRNA's role in cancer has facilitated the development of novel biomarkers for cancer diagnosis, led to greater understanding of cancer prognosis, enabled better prediction of therapeutic responses, and promoted identification of potential targets for cancer therapy.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":"106 ","pages":"91-179"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39914043","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Advances in quantum dots as diagnostic tools. 量子点作为诊断工具的进展。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-08-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.001

Ana Soldado, Laura Cid Barrio, María Díaz-Gonzalez, Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz, Jose Manuel Costa-Fernandez

{"title":"Advances in quantum dots as diagnostic tools.","authors":"Ana Soldado, Laura Cid Barrio, María Díaz-Gonzalez, Alfredo de la Escosura-Muñiz, Jose Manuel Costa-Fernandez","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.001","url":null,"abstract":"Quantum dots (QDs) are crystalline inorganic semiconductor nanoparticles a few nanometers in size that possess unique optical electronic properties vs those of larger materials. For example, QDs usually exhibit a strong and long-lived photoluminescence emission, a feature dependent on size, shape and composition. These special optoelectronic properties make them a promising alternative to conventional luminescent dyes as optical labels in biomedical applications including biomarker quantification, biomolecule targeting and molecular imaging. A key parameter for use of QDs is to functionalize their surface with suitable (bio)molecules to provide stability in aqueous solutions and efficient and selective tagging biomolecules of interest. Researchers have successfully developed biocompatible QDs and have linked them to various biomolecule recognition elements, i.e., antibodies, proteins, DNA, etc. In this chapter, QD synthesis and characterization strategies are reviewed as well as the development of nanoplatforms for luminescent biosensing and imaging-guided targeting. Relevant biomedical applications are highlighted with a particular focus on recent progress in ultrasensitive detection of clinical biomarkers. Finally, key future research goals to functionalize QDs as diagnostic tools are explored.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"1-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40331286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Preface. 前言。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/S0065-2423(22)00019-1

Gregory S Makowski

引用次数: 0

Copyright 版权

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2423(22)00005-1

引用次数: 0

Long non-coding RNA in Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. 长链非编码RNA与非酒精性脂肪肝的关系。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2022-08-31 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2022.06.001

Sumati Rohilla, Savneet Kaur, Rekha Puria

引用次数: 2

Amino acids in inflammatory bowel diseases: Modern diagnostic tools and methodologies. 炎症性肠病中的氨基酸:现代诊断工具和方法。

2区医学

Advances in Clinical Chemistry Pub Date : 2022-01-01 Epub Date: 2021-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.003

Juraj Piestansky, Dominika Olesova, Michaela Matuskova, Ivana Cizmarova, Petra Chalova, Jaroslav Galba, Petra Majerova, Peter Mikus, Andrej Kovac

{"title":"Amino acids in inflammatory bowel diseases: Modern diagnostic tools and methodologies.","authors":"Juraj Piestansky, Dominika Olesova, Michaela Matuskova, Ivana Cizmarova, Petra Chalova, Jaroslav Galba, Petra Majerova, Peter Mikus, Andrej Kovac","doi":"10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.003","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/bs.acc.2021.07.003","url":null,"abstract":"Amino acids are crucial building blocks of living organisms. Together with their derivatives, they participate in many intracellular processes to act as hormones, neuromodulators, and neurotransmitters. For several decades amino acids have been studied for their potential as markers of various diseases, including inflammatory bowel diseases. Subsequent improvements in sample pretreatment, separation, and detection methods have enabled the specific and very sensitive determination of these molecules in multicomponent matrices-biological fluids and tissues. The information obtained from targeted amino acid analysis (biomarker-based analytical strategy) can be further used for early diagnostics, to monitor the course of the disease or compliance of the patients. This review will provide an insight into current knowledge about inflammatory bowel diseases, the role of proteinogenic amino acids in intestinal inflammation and modern analytical techniques used in its diagnosis and disease activity monitoring. Current advances in the analysis of amino acids focused on sample pretreatment, separation strategy, or detection methods are highlighted, and their potential in clinical laboratories is discussed. In addition, the latest clinical data obtained from the metabolomic profiling of patients suffering from inflammatory bowel diseases are summarized with a focus on proteinogenic amino acids.","PeriodicalId":50872,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Clinical Chemistry","volume":" ","pages":"139-213"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40331287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2