New Emirates Medical Journal最新文献

{"title":"The Differences of Blood Group Typing using Erythrocytes and Leukocytes","authors":"Kravchun Pavlo, Leontyeva Frida, Povelichenko Olena, Dielievska Valentyna","doi":"10.2174/0102506882279058240106123702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882279058240106123702","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Adsorption and mixed agglutination reactions detect A, B, and H blood group antigens in the cells.\u0000The study aimed to investigate the adsorbing abilities of group-specific polyclonal antibodies using erythrocytes and leukocytes to improve the\u0000quality of blood typing.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The adsorption was performed with group B erythrocytes and leukocytes using the usual heated citrated anti-B plasma at 4 °C and 37 °C. A mixed\u0000agglutination reaction revealed group B antigens on leukocytes and erythrocytes.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000The highest adsorption of antibodies from usual plasma on erythrocytes was observed at 4 °C at physiological conditions. Weaker adsorption was\u0000determined at pH 8.0 compared to pH 6.0 (the decrease of agglutination strength from 3+ to 2+ and 1+ accordingly).\u0000The adsorption of polyclonal antibodies on erythrocytes at 37 °C was the highest at pH 6.0 and 8.0 compared to physiological conditions (the\u0000decrease of agglutination strength from 3+ to 1+). In contrast, adsorption at 4 °C appeared to be stronger at pH 6.0.\u0000The adsorption of IgG antibodies on erythrocytes at 37 °C was higher at pH 8.0.\u0000Complete adsorption of IgG antibodies was observed on group B erythrocytes and leukocytes at 37 °C and 4 °C.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Adsorption of polyclonal group-specific antibodies on erythrocytes was the highest at 4 °C, and adsorption of IgG antibodies was strong at 4 °C\u0000and 37 °C. Adsorption of leukocytes was revealed only with the use of the heated serum. IgG group-specific antibodies from the heated plasma\u0000demonstrated higher adsorbing abilities on leukocytes than IgM antibodies from plasma.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140493124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Patterns of Referral and Clinical Presentation of Autism Spectrum Disorder in\u0000Children at Al Jalila Children Specialty Hospital: A Retrospective Descriptive\u0000Study","authors":"M. Elgamal, Ahmed Ahmed","doi":"10.2174/0102506882253845231229121626","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882253845231229121626","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder that is gradually gaining popularity. However, there is minimal scientific\u0000research exploring the clinical presentation of this highly complex disorder and the general understanding of such varying presentations by general\u0000practitioners and pediatric physicians.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This study aims to explore the patterns of referral of patients with ASD to a tertiary hospital in Dubai, United Arab Emirates, and to understand\u0000better and analyze the general knowledge of referring physicians through their impression of the patient’s clinical presentation\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000This is a retrospective descriptive study where all the data were collected electronically from past medical records and referral documents taken\u0000from Al Jalila Children's Specialty Hospital (AJCH). Patients who were referred were later assessed by the neurodevelopmental specialists using\u0000the NICE Guidelines. The data were analyzed statistically and described using different statistical tools. These results were then considered in light\u0000of the local clinician's needs for diagnostic support and the possibility of developing a national screening program for ASD.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Within a sample of 90 referrals, 69 (76.7%) were predominantly male, 73 (81.1%) were Emirati nationals, and the majority fell within the age\u0000group of 0 to 5 years old. Of the 90 referred patients, 53 (58.9%) were diagnosed with ASD by neurodevelopmental specialists using the NICE\u0000Guidelines. Physicians were keen on picking up features of speech and language deficits, hyperactivity, and inappropriate or atypical behavior.\u0000However, they seemed hesitant and required further assessment when interpreting and reporting features revolving around social communicative\u0000skills, interaction and rapport, and evaluating patients’ ideas and imagination.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Physicians practicing in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) are advised to assess the full range of clinical symptoms of ASD according to their\u0000respective categories as listed in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines. Furthermore, the Dubai Health Authority\u0000(DHA) has published the first edition document titled “Dubai Clinical Practice Guidelines for Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in Children and\u0000Adolescents,” designed to align physician recognition and practice with the government's objectives toward all individuals with ASD. Their\u0000achievement aligns with the goals of our study as it will make the clinical recognition of ASD clinically more sound and prevent misdiagnosis.\u0000Finally, the authors hope that this study aids in developing a national screening program dedicated to general practitioners and pediatric physicians\u0000in providing a structured assessment for ASD, which in return will result in early intervention by neurodevelopmental specialists for further\u0000diagnosis and management, ultimately improving the quality of life of the patients and their families.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140493494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacious, Nutritious and Delicious or Risky? Exploring the FODMAP Diet to\u0000Manage and Treat Irritable Bowel Syndrome","authors":"R. Valk, James Hamill, Mieke Valk","doi":"10.2174/0102506882269342231212064600","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882269342231212064600","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a debilitating, complex, chronic disorder with a multifactorial etiopathogenesis, pathophysiology and clinical\u0000phenotype. IBS is the most common disorder of gut-brain interaction (DGBI), with a prevalence ranging from 7% to 23% globally. The burden of\u0000IBS on patients is considerable in terms of reduced quality of life. Furthermore, the costs to healthcare systems and society are substantial as IBS\u0000accounts for billions of dollars in direct and indirect medical costs. The pathogenesis of this DGBI is complex and multifactorial. Common\u0000symptoms of IBS are bloating, reoccurring episodes of abdominal pain, excessive flatus, constipation, diarrhea or alternating bowel habits. Many\u0000IBS patients have associated ingestion of specific foods with GI symptoms onset or exacerbation. Therefore, many IBS patients have attempted\u0000dietary therapy for the treatment and control of their GI symptoms. The low fermentable oligo-, di-, mono-saccharides, and polyols (FODMAP)\u0000diet is currently the most evidence-based and internationally accepted viable first-line dietary therapy for IBS. FODMAPs are short-chain\u0000carbohydrates that are poorly or incompletely absorbed in the small intestine and subsequently fermented by the colonic microbiota, leading to the\u0000production of gases, such as hydrogen, carbon dioxide, and methane. There is a recognized need to elucidate how FODMAPs induce GI symptoms\u0000and to understand how the 3-phase (restriction, re-introduction and personalization) FODMAP diet works. Hence, the objective of this review\u0000article is to elucidate the pathophysiological central and peripheral gut-related mechanisms through which FODMAPs cause GI- symptoms, to\u0000expound the implementation of the FODMAP diet and to highlight and confute concerns around the safety and risks of the FODMAP diet longterm.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140493598","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sustaining Patency of Peripherally Inserted Venous Catheter (PIVC) among\u0000Patients in Continuous Intra Venous Therapy","authors":"Renulata Das, Sasmita Das, J. Pradhan, Ranjita Sahoo, Meeksmita Sahu","doi":"10.2174/0102506882274641231123043002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2174/0102506882274641231123043002","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000\u0000Phlebitis is still a common complication of peripheral venous catheters. Finding a suitable solution to prevent and reduce the incidence of this\u0000complication continues to be a challenge. Various strategies were used to reduce the incidence of phlebitis. Mostly non-pharmacological measures\u0000were taken as first preference. Intially, when patients come to any hospital for their treatment, the first is the peripherally inserted venous catheter\u0000access conducted inpatient for medication administration, fluid administration and blood transfusion in both the hospital setting and ambulatory\u0000setting. About 70% of thepatients admitted to the hospital requires peripherally inserted venous catheters (PIVCs). The incidence of phlebitis is\u0000higher in patients who undergo continuous intravenous therapy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Background: \u0000The incidence of phlebitis is more in patients who were undergone continuous intra venous therapy\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000To find out the effect of hand grip exercise in the sustaining patency of peripherally inserted venous catheters among patients in continuous\u0000intravenous therapy.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000During the 8 weeks the hand grip exercise was evaluated in patients, who had undergone continuous intravenous infusion through the peripherally\u0000inserted venous catheter for at least 3 days. The measurement of data is based on the patient’s socio-demographic Performa, patency checklist,\u0000visual infusion phlebitis score and visual analogue scale. The post-test was conducted in both experimental and control groups.\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Till the end of the study, 76 participants were taken. On day 3 of the hand grip exercise maximum of 24 (61.5%) PIVC were patent, whereas in\u0000control group 5 (13.5%) PIVC were able to maintain their patency. On day 5 of exercise 34 (91.9%) PIVC were replaced with a cause of phlebitis\u000033(89.2%) in the control group in comparison with the experimental group only 22 (56.4%) lines were replaced with the same cause of phlebitis 24\u0000(61.5%).\u0000\u0000\u0000\u0000Hand grip exercise is important for clients, to reduce the need for the potentially painful process of placing vascular lines and also helps to control\u0000costs by reducing the number of devices used for each client and the development of phlebitis.\u0000","PeriodicalId":508641,"journal":{"name":"New Emirates Medical Journal","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140515736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}