Advances in Space Research最新文献

{"title":"Assessing the impact of the Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on the structure of the Brewer-Dobson circulation: Possible Implications","authors":"V. Veenus ,&nbsp;Siddarth Shankar Das","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.075","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.075","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The present study deals with the effect of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai volcanic eruption on altering the structure of Brewer-Dobson circulation (BDC) that occurred on 15 January 2022. The strength of the stratospheric circulation declined during the Southern Hemispheric winter following the volcanic eruption. The eruption had substantial impacts on the stratospheric thermal structure and composition. The Eliassen-Palm flux divergence implies the wave breaking was nearly non-existent. Thus, the wave driven circulation’s strength was reduced following the injection of water vapor. The reduction in meridional transport was also reflected in the distribution of ozone in the Southern Hemisphere obtained from Aura Microwave Limb Sounder. An unprecedented deviation of ozone mixing ratio, with magnitude 0.55 ppmv, was observed following the eruption over the tropical stratosphere.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 4","pages":"Pages 3311-3325"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dust source dynamics in arid Iran: Examining the relationship between MODIS AOD and land surface characteristics in a dried catchment","authors":"Maliheh sadat Afzalizadeh ,&nbsp;Mozhgan Ahmadi Nadoushan ,&nbsp;Ahmad Jalalian ,&nbsp;Atefeh Chamani","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.077","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.077","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dust sources are expanding unprecedentedly across the arid parts of Iran. To quantify this trend in the Kaftar Catchment in SW Iran (5,600 km²), the MODIS AOD product “Optical_Depth_047″, accessible through Google Earth Engine was utilized, as one of the moderate-resolution (1 km) aerosol data sources spanning from 2002 to 2023. The layers were preprocessed and averaged to derive annual mean data (AM-AOD), and its accuracy was verified using reference dust data collected from 24 stations in 2022 (correlation coefficient = 0.565; p-value &lt; 0.01). The Mann-Kendall trend test confirmed a statistically significant upward trend in AOD values. A positive Sen’s slope predominated for the majority of the AM-AOD pixels. The Generalized Additive Model (mean R² = 0.753) successfully predicted AM-AOD values at each pixel for the year 2035. According to the Landsat 8-derived LULC map of the region (Kappa = 83.56), the wetland area is projected to experience the highest increase in AM-AOD in 2035, reaching 0.43 ± 0.06, while rangelands are expected to observe the lowest increment at 0.17 ± 0.07. Our study underscores the urgency of rehabilitating the Kaftar Wetland, promoting low-water crops, and improving ecosystem resilience in rangelands.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 4","pages":"Pages 3326-3334"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403036","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Geospatial and NDBI approaches for the Musi River basin morphometric studies in the metropolitan urban Cities of India","authors":"Pradeep Kumar Badapalli ,&nbsp;Sakram Gugulothu ,&nbsp;Anusha Boya Nakkala","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.12.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study aims to advance the understanding of hydrological dynamics and geomorphological characteristics of the Musi River Basin through the novel application of Remote Sensing (RS) and Geographical Information System (GIS)-based morphometric analysis across three delineated sub-basins (SB-1, SB-2, SB-3). By examining parameters such as stream order, bifurcation ratio, drainage density, and land cover changes using the Normalized Difference Built-up Index (NDBI), the study provides a comprehensive overview of the basin’s surface hydrology and urbanization impact. Key findings reveal low surface runoff and high permeability, supported by low drainage density (0.64 km/km2) and stream frequency (0.48 streams/km2). SB-3′s elevated bifurcation ratio (5.0) highlights substantial structural control, contrasting with moderate bifurcation ratios in SB-1 and SB-2. Hypsometric analysis indicates a transition from youthful to mature phases across the basin, with SB-3′s ruggedness values reflecting moderate erosion. A 21-year land cover analysis (2000–2021) based on NDBI highlights notable changes: water bodies (2.67 %), moisture soils (5.04 %), built-up lands (3.10 %), and vegetation (2.74 %) have all increased, while fallow lands/wastelands decreased by 13.54 %. The urban expansion, driven by rapid population growth, underscores pressing ecosystem challenges. Validation of the land cover analysis yielded a robust AUC score of 0.840, affirming the reliability of the NDBI-based classification. This research showcases the efficacy of DEM-based morphometric methods for precise catchment delineation and stream order classification, providing critical insights for effective water resource management and watershed planning in the Musi River Basin.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 4","pages":"Pages 3375-3396"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143403041","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Accuracy evaluation of FY-4B GIIRS temperature and relative humidity profile products","authors":"Fayuan Chen ,&nbsp;Huayang Li ,&nbsp;Qixuan He ,&nbsp;Manhong Tu ,&nbsp;Xinzhi Wang ,&nbsp;Yi Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>FY-4B represents the first operational satellite within the Fengyun-4 series, launched by China. Evaluating the accuracy of the FY-4B Geostationary Interferometric Infrared Sounder (GIIRS) temperature (T) and relative humidity (RH) profile products is crucial for the advancement and practical deployment of China’s geostationary satellite hyperspectral data. This study assesses the detection capabilities and accuracy of the FY-4B T and RH profile products relative to FY-4A, utilizing radiosonde data spanning from January 16, 2023, to January 16, 2024. The findings indicate that the FY-4B GIIRS demonstrates comparable capabilities in detecting T under clear skies to the FY-4A GIIRS. However, the FY-4A GIIRS exhibits superior performance in cloudy conditions. While FY-4B GIIRS effectively detects RH, its RH profile products show less accuracy, with a bias of −3.89 %, an RMSE of 15.42 %, and a correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.56. In contrast, the FY-4B T profile product shows a bias of −0.44 °C, an RMSE of 2.05 °C, and a CC of 0.89, indicating an overall higher accuracy compared to the FY-4A T profile product, which has a bias of −0.46 °C, an RMSE of 2.26 °C, and a CC of 0.87. Despite their overall minor deviation from radiosonde measurements, the correlation with radiosonde data inversely correlates with station altitude. Notably, due to the observation zenith angle in Xinjiang exceeding 60 degrees even before FY-4B’s drift, the satellite lacks T and RH profile products in Xinjiang and parts of the northwestern region under clear skies during the study period. Overall, the T profile products from FY-4A/B exhibit high accuracy and effectively address the scarcity of meteorological observations in remote areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 7","pages":"Pages 5283-5296"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683637","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of the ocean tide on the Earth nutation: An updated assessment","authors":"Yuting Cheng,&nbsp;Christian Bizouard","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Ocean tides perturb the nutation of the Earth rotation axis to a level of 2 mas, an order of magnitude that is 20 times that of the uncertainty of nutation estimations. Ocean tidal effects on nutation represent about 5% of the effects caused by the non-rigidity of the Earth. Therefore, it is of fundamental importance for the development of the nutation theory of a real Earth, in particular for determining the frequencies of the normal modes due to the presence of the fluid outer core and solid inner core. The last published estimates date back to the 2000s. They were obtained by (<span><span>Mathews et al., 2002</span></span>) in the frame of the building of the non-rigid Earth nutation model “MHB2000”, which was adopted as the standard in astronomy and geodesy by IAU in 2000. This study aims at reassessing those effects by considering more recent ocean tidal models, namely FES 2014, TPXO8 and EOT11. It extends the computation of the diurnal and semi-diurnal ocean tidal contributions on polar motion and UT1 recently done by (<span><span>Bizouard and Cheng, 2024</span></span>) using the principal waves of the ocean tidal angular momentum derived from the models mentioned before. We take into account the recent development of Earth rotation theory, especially the frequency dependence of the transfer functions in sub-diurnal bands. We find not only significant corrections to the terms evaluated by MHB2000 – up to 100 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></math></span>as –, but also significant contributions for circular terms with periods of <span><math><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>9.13</mn></mrow></math></span> days, <span><math><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>13.63</mn></mrow></math></span> days, <span><math><mrow><mo>+</mo><mn>121.75</mn></mrow></math></span> days, <span><math><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>27.55</mn></mrow></math></span> days, and <span><math><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>9.3</mn></mrow></math></span> years. The modelled <span><math><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>27.55</mn></mrow></math></span> day term with an amplitude of 60 <span><math><mrow><mi>μ</mi></mrow></math></span>as is clearly reflected in the celestial pole offsets (CPO) with the same phase and one third of the predicted amplitude. Moreover, the 16 largest in-phase or out-phase perturbations produced by ocean tides, which were not taken into account in the reference model MHB2000, are found in the CPO time series with a systematically smaller amplitude. These results strongly suggest that the current nutation model needs to be revised.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 7","pages":"Pages 5245-5253"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683623","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mars Express investigations of the Martian ionosphere using ASPERA-3 and new MARSIS fixed frequency modes","authors":"Mats Holmstrom ,&nbsp;Andrii Voshchepynets ,&nbsp;Stas Barabash ,&nbsp;Sebastián Rojas Mata ,&nbsp;Beatriz Sánchez-Cano ,&nbsp;Mark Lester ,&nbsp;Simon Joyce ,&nbsp;Andrea Cicchetti ,&nbsp;Roberto Orosei ,&nbsp;Myroslava Hlebena","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2025.02.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The plasma package Analyzer of Space Plasma and Energetic Atoms (ASPERA-3) onboard Mars Express has observed ions and electrons accelerated by the Mars Advanced Radar for Subsurface and Ionosphere Sounding (MARSIS) radar when it operates in its active ionospheric sounding mode. To better study the processes involved, new operational modes for MARSIS have been developed. In the first, a fixed frequency mode, the transmitter does not sweep over a range of frequencies, as normal, but instead transmits pulses at a fixed frequency. This frequency has been chosen to be close to the fundamental frequency of the local ionosphere around the spacecraft, which in all cases is &lt; 350 kHz. Also, an alternating mode has been introduced, where observations in the fixed frequency mode are interleaved with observations that sweep over frequencies in order to investigate how ions are accelerated.</div><div>Here we describe the new operational modes and present the results of several tests performed in the years 2020, 2021, and 2023.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 7","pages":"Pages 5899-5910"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143683548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multifactor analysis of surface deformation dynamics during economic development","authors":"Dongming Qin ,&nbsp;Lv Zhou ,&nbsp;Xiang Huang ,&nbsp;Yuanjin Pan ,&nbsp;Hongming Li ,&nbsp;Jiao Xu ,&nbsp;Ziyan Luo","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Surface deformation presents considerable hazards, significantly complicating the safeguarding of coastal urban infrastructure. Coastal region infrastructure and buildings are at risk due to climate change, sea level rise, and potential geohazards. This study aims to investigate the coupling between surface deformation and driving factors during the economic development of the Tianjin-Langfang region. Time series interferometric synthetic aperture radar technology is crucial for monitoring the spatiotemporal evolution of coastal cities in preventing geological disasters. SBAS-InSAR technology was utilized in long sequence observations, revealing that surface deformation in the Tianjin area from 2016 to 2023 ranged between –50 to 30 mm/year, and it showed a trend of first decreasing and then rising since 2016. During the research period, comprehensive analysis was conducted using data such as rainfall, land use conversion, groundwater depth characteristics, and seasonal changes. It was found that the deformation in the study area is closely related to key economic development industries. Analysis of groundwater aquifer depth and rainfall data revealed spatiotemporal heterogeneity in deformation rebound. Specifically, surface deformation was greater during months with little or no rainfall compared to periods of precipitation. We discussed the intensity of surface deformation and, in conjunction with the geological environment, provided assessments and recommendations for buildings and infrastructure in severely affected areas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 2632-2651"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143170908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Analysis of multipath effects on LEO ranging-based positioning using BPSK and BOC signals in urban areas","authors":"Qi Zhang,&nbsp;Bing Xu","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low Earth orbit (LEO) satellites have emerged as a promising solution for positioning in environments where traditional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) faces challenges, such as urban canyons. However, the impact of multipath effects on LEO positioning in such urban settings remains unclear. This study investigates the influence of multipath effects on LEO ranging-based positioning, considering signals with binary phase shift keying (BPSK) and binary offset carrier (BOC) modulations. Theoretical analysis reveals that LEO signals exhibit larger Doppler differences between the direct signal and the reflected signal. This characteristic holds particular promise for mitigating multipath effects, especially when utilizing a high frequency carrier. Subsequently, the study assesses the performance of LEO range measurements and positioning under multipath conditions through a simulated LEO constellation. Comparative analyses are conducted with GNSS performance as benchmarks. Additionally, the effectiveness of BOC modulation in enhancing LEO pseudorange positioning accuracy is observed. The results demonstrate that BOC signals can achieve higher ranging and positioning accuracy than BPSK signals. This finding underscores the potential of LEO satellites as reliable alternatives for navigation in challenging urban environments, highlighting the importance of modulation techniques in optimizing positioning performance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 3298-3309"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exploring morphometry, hydrodynamics, and surface sediment composition in Khenifiss lagoon: Insights from a shallow coastal environment in Southern Morocco","authors":"Hamza El Behja ,&nbsp;Abdelmounim El M’rini ,&nbsp;Driss Nachite ,&nbsp;Mohammed Bouchkara ,&nbsp;Khalid El Khalidi ,&nbsp;Mohamed Maanan ,&nbsp;Bendahhou Zourarah ,&nbsp;Mohamed Abioui","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Coastal lagoons are widely recognized as highly dynamic and intricate ecosystems within coastal environments, playing a crucial role in supporting both human communities and biodiversity. However, these coastal ecosystems are confronted with a multitude of challenges stemming from both natural phenomena and human activities. Hence, acquiring a comprehensive understanding of coastal lagoon dynamics is imperative for safeguarding and ensuring the sustainability of these ecosystems, relying on discerning the intricate interplay between hydrodynamic and sedimentological factors and processes. In Morocco, the Khenifiss lagoon is recognized as the largest lagoon and the most significant wetland along the Atlantic coast, designated as a protected area under the Ramsar Convention since 1980. However, the lagoon is confronted with the challenge of inlet and channel narrowing due to heightened sediment transport and accumulation toward its interior, along with dune advancement. This paper aims to establish correlations between morphometry, hydrodynamic conditions, and surface sediment composition to categorize the main channel of Khenifiss lagoon according to sedimentary environmental conditions. This categorization aims to delineate zones characterized by high, moderate, and low energy levels. Such classification will offer valuable insights into the dynamic interactions governing the lagoon’s ecosystem by identifying areas prone to resuspension and deposition. The study categorized the main channel of the Khenifiss lagoon into distinct zones based on hydrodynamic conditions. Areas with high energy levels, including the entrance zone and the narrowest central section, featured the highest current velocities, fostering conditions favoring the resuspension of fine materials. Zones with moderate energy levels, such as the downstream main channel and sinuous sections, exhibited moderate current velocities and a predominance of fine sand over medium sand fractions, along with observed reductions in current velocity. Areas characterized by low energy levels, encompassing the upstream main channel, are marked by slower current velocities and shallow depths, facilitating the deposition of fine and very fine sediment. Finally, areas with very low energy and calm conditions, well-protected from strong currents, prevent the reworking of sediments and facilitate their accumulation. This study highlights the importance of integrating sedimentological, hydrodynamic, and morphometric analyses as a valuable approach for monitoring coastal ecosystems and understanding the morphodynamics of coastal lagoons. This approach guides ecosystem management, such as targeted conservation efforts, erosion control, and habitat protection, while also supporting informed coastal development and adaptive management strategies to ensure the long-term sustainability and protection of the Khenifiss lagoon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 2550-2568"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143171691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Active solar eclipse avoidance on the distant retrograde orbit of the Earth-Moon system","authors":"Yunong Shang ,&nbsp;Changxuan Wen ,&nbsp;Yang Sun ,&nbsp;Hao Zhang ,&nbsp;Yang Gao","doi":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.asr.2024.11.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Lighting condition is a significant concern for spacecraft because it is directly related to their power and thermal subsystems. For spacecraft moving on a Distant Retrograde Orbit (DRO) of the Earth-Moon System, the lighting condition is severe because the DRO faces frequent long-duration solar eclipses. This study proposes a solar eclipse avoidance strategy for DRO missions. First, the lighting condition on a stable nominal DRO is analyzed, which reveals that long-duration solar eclipses are inevitable and active avoidance maneuvers are essential. Then, a close-loop three-impulse maneuver strategy is developed to deviate the trajectory from the nominal DRO and avoid a single shadow region of the Earth (or the Moon). The analytical solution of the first velocity impulse required for orbit correction at an arbitrary position is derived. The optimal position of imposing the velocity impulse is obtained using a nonlinear programming-based optimization algorithm. Finally, a coordinated shadow avoidance algorithm is proposed to simultaneously avoid the shadow of the Earth and the Moon. Simulations show that the proposed strategy successfully keeps the flying trajectory outside the shadow regions in a 4-year mission time at an average annual velocity impulse cost of 46.936 m/s.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50850,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Space Research","volume":"75 3","pages":"Pages 2970-2981"},"PeriodicalIF":2.8,"publicationDate":"2025-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143172002","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}