Advances in Structural Engineering最新文献

{"title":"Performance investigation of highway bridge pier columns under the sequential effects of fire followed by vehicle collision and subsequent air blast: A numerical investigation","authors":"Qusai Alomari, Daniel G Linzell, Chen Fang","doi":"10.1177/13694332241242987","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241242987","url":null,"abstract":"Historically, it has been demonstrated that bridges may be vulnerable to fire, and in many circumstances, resulting damage might not be apparent, and bridges could maintain acceptable levels of serviceability. In the absence of proven assessment tools and given the limited research that addresses bridge fire, research that better understands response and strives to improve highway bridge resiliency to fire is needed. Extending the work carried out during an earlier research stage, the present study focused on investigating performance of bridge pier columns that survive fire under coupled vehicle collision and air blast. Numerical models of single reinforced concrete columns supported by a pile foundation system and surrounded by air and soil volumes were created using LS-DYNA. As explicit solvers such as those available in LS-DYNA are infrequently used for fire analysis, an indirect two-step approach that integrated heat transfer and structural analyses was developed and validated against published fire-induced impact and blast test results. A parametric study that examined the effects of various fire exposure conditions and column diameters was completed. Performance was comprehensively assessed based on various structural response parameters, which included failure modes, lateral displacement, residual axial capacities, and shear demand-to-capacity ratios. Column damage was then categorized into six levels to qualitatively assess column performance under the aforementioned multi-hazards. The developed modeling approach was shown to be viable, and results indicated that larger column diameters could potentially remain in service in their final damage states after being repaired for fire durations of less than 120 min.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"20 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140302717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the flexural behavior of partially encased composite beams with corrugated steel webs","authors":"Liusheng Chu, Xinwei Guo, Jie Li, Xiaomeng Xie, Danda Li, Xing Ma","doi":"10.1177/13694332241242974","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241242974","url":null,"abstract":"Combining the advantages of partially encased composite structure (PEC) and corrugated steel web, a new type of composite PEC beam with corrugated web was proposed in this paper, namely corrugated webbed PEC (CWPEC) beam. In order to investigate the structural performance of the proposed CWPEC beams, four specimens were designed and fabricated. Four-point bending tests were carried out to study their flexural performance and failure modes. The failure process, load-displacement curve and strain distribution of the tested specimens were analyzed. Experimental results showed the high load carrying capacity and superior ductility of the proposed concept. Parametric study indicated that the concrete strength was increased from C30 to C50, the ultimate load slightly increased by 3.38%. The flange strength decreased from Q355 B to Q235, the ultimate load reduced by 9.17%. The flange width decreased from 250 mm to 200 mm, the ultimate load decreased by 22.21%. As comparison, the increase of steel flange width is more efficient to improve section moment capacity. Further analysis verified that the flexural strength of CWPEC beam was mostly provided by flanges with little contribution from the corrugated web. Finally, based on the quasi-plane assumption, prediction formulas for cracking moment and ultimate moment of CWPEC beams were proposed.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"2015 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140196971","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Full-scale aerodynamic study on the effects of tower wind shields and road-sign gantries on passing high-sided vehicles in the tower region at the Queensferry Crossing","authors":"Licheng Zhu, Daniel McCrum, Jennifer Keenahan","doi":"10.1177/13694332241240659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241240659","url":null,"abstract":"A novel investigation into the impact of the tower road-sign gantry and the tower shielding on double-decker buses and trucks passing by the bridge tower based on a previously validated full-scale CFD model. Two sets of simulations were conducted for comparison of aerodynamic force conditions of vehicles as they pass by the bridge tower: first group of simulations were performed including and excluding the road-sign gantry; and the second group include and exclude the tower shielding. Conditions in different traffic lanes (one on leeward side and two on windward side) considered. The effect of changes in wind yaw angle are also considered. Mechanism exploration on the variation of vehicle aerodynamic force conditions was made based on the numerical visualization of wind velocity field and pressure field. Novel results suggest that the road-sign gantry provides a sheltering effect in some circumstances, but a destabilizing effect in others. In addition, the tower shielding shows significant impact on reducing aerodynamic forces and sudden force changes of the high-sided vehicles while they are passing by the bridge tower.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140196904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seismic behavior of horizontally spliced single-side superposed shear wall using a concealed column","authors":"Kai Xu, Lunhai Zhi, Wei Ma, Kang Zhou","doi":"10.1177/13694332241240660","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241240660","url":null,"abstract":"The single-side superposed (SSS) shear wall is an innovative precast concrete sandwich panel that better meets the requirements of building industrialization. However, the seismic behavior of SSS shear walls remains inadequately understood. In this paper, a full-scaled horizontally spliced SSS shear wall using a concealed column and an integral SSS shear wall of the same dimensions were tested. The seismic behavior was investigated considering various aspects including hysteresis performance, bearing capacity, ductility performance, energy dissipation capacity, and stiffness degradation curve. The simulation models were established by the Abaqus, which provided the verification and further research for the test. Furthermore, two innovative splicing forms were proposed to optimize the existing specimens through the Abaqus. The experimental results indicated that implementing the vertical joint would lead to a decrease in the yield-bearing capacity by 24%, but it would also enhance the ultimate bearing capacity by 12.7%. Meanwhile, the deformation capacity would improve by 9.7%. The numerical simulations demonstrated that the suggested splicing methods effectively meet the demands of building industrialization.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"147 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140167236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental and numerical study of the three-dimensional temperature field in the arch ribs of the reinforced concrete ribbed arch bridge during construction","authors":"Zhongchu Tian, Zujun Zhang, Zhengqian Wu, Wenping Peng, Binlin Xu","doi":"10.1177/13694332241240661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241240661","url":null,"abstract":"The unique structural design of an arch ring featuring varying inclination angles for individual segments causes variations in the longitudinal distribution of the temperature field d along the arch axis. This study aims to enhance the understanding of temperature fields in reinforced concrete (RC) arch bridges with diverse arch ring structural configurations during their construction phases. A comprehensive investigation into the three-dimensional distribution pattern of solar-induced temperature fields within arch ribs during the construction of RC ribbed arch bridges was conducted. A field test specifically measuring the temperature distribution across arch rib cross-sections was conducted on-site, involving an RC arch bridge constructed using the cable-stayed cantilever cast in situ method. Analyzing the monitored on-site temperature data revealed the distribution characteristics of temperature fields at the arch foot cross-section under solar radiation. By comparing these findings with international standards, a vertical temperature gradient fitting model for arch rib cross-sections under solar radiation was formulated. Drawing upon meteorological records and solar radiation principles, an adaptive numerical simulation finite element model was developed to depict the temperature field within an arch rib section. This model was rigorously verified. Subsequently, a comprehensive analysis of the three-dimensional temperature field of the arch rib under solar radiation was performed. Additionally, a three-dimensional temperature gradient fitting model was proposed, accounting for the longitudinal inclination of the bridge.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental study on the aerodynamic characteristics of combined angle transmission tower subject to skew wind","authors":"Guohui Shen, Linghui Que, Hua-Ping Wan","doi":"10.1177/13694332241240658","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241240658","url":null,"abstract":"The transmission towers served as crucial carriers in the process of power transmission. The combined angle transmission tower of dual-angle steel with cruciform section are relatively a novel type of angle tower, which is being more widely used in transmission lines. The studies on aerodynamic characteristics of combined angle tower in skewed wind are limited. In this paper, the wind tunnel tests are conducted to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of the combined angle tower, and the high frequency force balance (HFFB) test is introduced to obtain the transverse and longitudinal forces on the tower using the direct force measurement (DFM) method. The drag coefficients and wind load-distribution factors of the combined angle tower are obtained from the wind tunnel tests, and the effects of interference and tower leg spacing on the wind loads of the tower legs are fully explored. It can be found that the aerodynamic coefficients and drag coefficients of the combined angle steel tower leg tend to decrease with the increase of interference members and it also decreases with the decrease of the tower leg spacing. The test wind load-distribution factors of the isolated leg are generally larger than those defined by seven typical codes (e.g., US, EU, Japanese, and Chinese codes) and significantly exceed the code-specified values under partial wind angles. The observations obtained from this study may provide helpful guidance on the wind-resistant design of this relatively novel type of combined angle tower.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"196 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140166830","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research on the deformation and settlement characteristics of tunnel lining structures based on distributed fibre optic sensing technology","authors":"Fengyuan Wu, Wei Sheng, Guanhua Zhang, Hongnan Li, Yuhao Ren, Kexin Zhang, Chao Wang, Tong Sun","doi":"10.1177/13694332241237574","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241237574","url":null,"abstract":"To study the deformation and settlement characteristics of tunnel lining structures, a tunnel lining structure model was designed based on distributed fibre optic sensing technology. Compared to the cylindrical model used in traditional tunnel lining structural model experiments, in this study, a reinforced concrete structural model was adopted, which can embed fibre optics in the structure, which is closer to actual tunnel engineering conditions. Central and symmetrical concentrated loading experiments were carried out with a simply supported reaction frame. The results of the distributed fibre optic monitoring were compared and analysed with those of traditional monitoring methods to verify the reliability of the distributed fibre optic monitoring results. The numerical simulations of the experiments were conducted by using finite element analysis. By comparing and analysing the simulation and experimental results, the correctness of the simulation calculation results were verified. On this basis, the impact of concrete strength, circumferential reinforcement spacing, and longitudinal reinforcement strength on the deformation and settlement of the tunnel lining structure were analysed. The results show that the hierarchical effect of the strain monitoring results obtained by the embedded fibre optic is more obvious, indicating that the radial monitoring effect of the embedded fibre optic on the tunnel structure is less affected by other external factors than the strain gauge, and the monitoring data are more accurate and effective, with good engineering characteristics. Improving the concrete strength, appropriate circumferential reinforcement spacing, and increasing the longitudinal reinforcement strength can effectively enhance the ability of the structure to resist deformation at the stress location. These factors play a significant role in improving the overall resistance to deformation and safety of the structure. The research results provide a theoretical basis and experimental data for the application of distributed fibre optics in monitoring the deformation and settlement of tunnel lining structures.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"124 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Performance evaluation of cable-stayed bridge expansion joints based on Lasso dimensionality reduction and temperature-displacement-correlation model","authors":"Tugang Xiao, Yu Hong, Jingye Xu, Qianhui Pu, Xuguang Wen","doi":"10.1177/13694332241237583","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241237583","url":null,"abstract":"Expansion joints play a crucial role in accommodating the longitudinal movement of the main beam, which is mainly caused by temperature variation. This paper establishes an accurate model that relates the temperature field of the main beam to the displacement of the expansion joint, enabling reliable performance prediction and early warning of the expansion joint. Firstly, three commonly used methods for characterizing the temperature field of the main beam are introduced, along with their advantages and disadvantages. Secondly, a novel method is proposed using the Lasso algorithm to calculate critical temperatures. The objective is to select temperature channels data that have significant impact on the longitudinal displacement of the main beam. The selected channels data is then linearly weighted based on feature importance to obtain critical temperature. Based on this, a precise relationship model between the main beam temperature and the expansion joint displacement is derived through regression. For the residual term in the model fitting, an expansion joint performance early warning procedure is developed based on the X-bar control chart. Finally, using one-year long-term monitoring data from a newly constructed cable-stayed bridge as an example, the proposed method demonstrates superior capability in predicting the predefined damage of the expansion joint compared to the other two commonly used methods.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"75 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140054507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on structural performance of repaired reinforced concrete beams with partially debonded longitudinal rebars","authors":"Tsubasa Hattori, Hiroyasu Sakata, Yusuke Maida, Akihiro Kawahara, Toshio Maegawa","doi":"10.1177/13694332241237582","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241237582","url":null,"abstract":"In order to evaluate the structural performance of repaired RC beams with partially debonded longitudinal rebars, structural experiments were conducted. In the experiments, real-scale and half-scale RC beam specimens underwent cyclic loading of 1.0% or less in terms of deformation angle, repaired with epoxy resin injection method, and multiple cyclic loading again. As a result of the experiments, damage was suppressed in specimens with partially debonded longitudinal rebars even after repairs. Further, the specimens with partially debonded longitudinal rebars exhibited high recovery of initial stiffness after repair compared to the specimen with bonded longitudinal rebars. In addition, from study of the costs required to repair cracks, it was confirmed that RC beams with partially debonded longitudinal rebars used smaller quantities of materials used for repairs and could potentially reduce repair cost by approximately 50% compared to RC beams having standard bonding properties.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"270 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bending resistance mechanism of prestressed ultra-high performance concrete - reinforced concrete beam based on a full-scale experiment","authors":"Xiangdong Sun, Yuquan Ma, Feng Jiang, Xueming Fan, Honglin Wu","doi":"10.1177/13694332241237578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/13694332241237578","url":null,"abstract":"Ultra-High Performance Concrete (UHPC) is a new type of engineering material with high compressive strength, high tensile strength, and high fracture toughness. Its bending failure mechanism is different from that of traditional concrete beams, which requires a new computational model to describe the bending failure phenomena of the prestressed ultra-high performance concrete - reinforced concrete (UHPC-RC) beam without web reinforcement. Therefore, this paper, through full-scale tests on a 30m prestressed UHPC-RC beam without web reinforcement, captures unique bending failure phenomena, including initial cracking, development of local cracks, and rupture of prestressed steel strands. Considering the tension-compression constitutive relationship of UHPC material, an innovative computational model for bending bearing capacity is proposed. Based on this model, a study on the minimum reinforcement ratio of full prestressed-ordinary steel bars is conducted. The results show that in the bending failure of the prestressed UHPC-RC beam without web reinforcement, excessive tensile strain of steel strands will occur at the local crack location. At this time, the structure does not satisfy the assumption of plane sections, and the introduction of the calculation model of the limit state of external prestressed tendons can effectively match this model, which is highly consistent with the experimental results. The minimum reinforcement ratio of full prestressed-ordinary steel bars is revised to the auxiliary reinforcement ratio of full prestressed-ordinary steel bars, quantifying the minimum reinforcement requirements of ordinary steel bars. The research results of this paper can provide reference for the next step of theoretical research.","PeriodicalId":50849,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Structural Engineering","volume":"40 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-03-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140044779","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}