Journal of Medical and Biological Research最新文献

{"title":"Trends in Mortality from External Causes in the Population of the European North of Russia for 2010–2021","authors":"Dar’ya A. Semerikova, Elizaveta V. Solomatina, A. Sannikov, Evgeniya V. Grishchenkova","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z171","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z171","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this research was to assess the status and identify the specific features of population mortality from external causes in the Arkhangelsk Region, Nenets Autonomous Area and Komi Republic for the period of 2010–2021. Materials and methods. Information about external cause mortality in the above regions for the period under study was obtained from the statistical monitoring databases of the Russian Federation – Unified Interdepartmental Statistical Information System – as well as from the official websites of the Main Directorate for Traffic Safety of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, and Federal State Statistics Service. Mathematicalstatistical and information-analytical methods were used in the paper. Results. In 2010–2021, the Arkhangelsk Region saw a steady downward trend in road traffic mortality; however, its average mortality rates remained at a higher level compared to the Nenets Autonomous Area and Komi Republic. During the period under study, the highest suicide rate among the regions was observed in the Nenets Autonomous Area: an average of 44 cases per 100,000 population annually, while in the Komi Republic and Arkhangelsk Region it was 30 % lower, i.e., 30.8 and 30.7 cases per 100,000 population, respectively. A better situation was observed in terms of homicide mortality, which decreased significantly between 2010 and 2021 in the regions under study. During the same period, mortality rates due to accidental alcohol poisoning dropped in all three regions; however, the average rate remained higher than the national average: 23.8, 12.2 and 26.1 cases per 100,000 population in the Arkhangelsk Region, Nenets Autonomous Area and Komi Republic, respectively. Dynamics of mortality from occupational injuries over the 12 years in the regions under study is insignificant and overall is similar to the national dynamics.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"123 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140447579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Immunometabolic Status of Rats in Mono-EHF Therapy for Pulmonary Oedema","authors":"S. V. Kopylova, Edner Jacquet","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z172","url":null,"abstract":"In pulmonary oedema, the accumulation of tissue fluid in the interstitial spaces of the lungs as well as in the cavities of the alveoli prevents the respiratory system from performing the gas exchange function. The ineffectiveness of various therapeutic approaches proposed to combat SARS-CoV-2 justifies the search for new therapeutic agents. Extremely high frequency (EHF) therapy could be one of the alternative treatment methods. The purpose of this article was to evaluate the immunometabolic status of rats in mono-EHF therapy of pulmonary oedema. Materials and methods. The paper evaluated the concentration of circulating immune complexes in the blood serum and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the lung tissue at experimental pulmonary oedema and a course of EHF therapy. The study involved 60 rats divided into 3 groups (intact, control and experimental). In the control and experimental groups, pulmonary oedema was simulated by intraperitoneal administration of adrenaline hydrochloride. A 10-day EHF therapy course was given to the experimental group using the CEMTECH device (40−43 GHz, Russia) by targeting three acupuncture points. Results. Pulmonary oedema was shown to increase the level of circulating immune complexes in the blood and the activity of lactate dehydrogenase in the lung tissue. Exposure to EHF radiation restored the normal values of these parameters. EHF therapy proved to be a promising treatment and rehabilitation method for pulmonary oedema. The selected markers for assessing the immunometabolic status could serve as an addition to the traditional methods of diagnosing this pathology, including in experimental conditions.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"84 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dynamics of Physiological Parameters in Lugansk Students During Internship in the Highlands","authors":"D. A. Khashkhozheva, Imirlan Kh. Eristov, Anna V. Ivanenko, Yuliya S. Fominova","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z173","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z173","url":null,"abstract":"Adverse ecological conditions put a strain on the functional reserves of young people. Hypoxic training in the mountains is the gold standard of adaptive physiology. The purpose of this paper was to study the physiological parameters of young Lugansk residents moving from the lowlands to the highlands. Materials and methods. Students of Lugansk State Pedagogical University (n = 19) were examined before, during and after their stay in the Elbrus region. To monitor the physiological parameters, pulse oximetry was performed using the MD300M device, blood pressure was measured using the auscultation method, Kérdö index and CO2 concentration in the blood using capnometry were determined. Results. The baseline level of health in students was found to be low. After a 5-day stay in the mountains, a certain increase in physiological well-being was noted, which persisted upon returning to Lugansk (aftereffect period). Namely, heart rate (HR) decreased from 86.14 ± 3.63 to 81.16 ± 2.19 bpm; 10 days later the effect remained: HR was 80.87 ± 4.77 bpm. Oxygen saturation increased from 94.86 ± 0.31 to 96.16 ± 0.32 %; on the 10th day upon returning to the city, it was 95.29 ± 0.33 %. Autonomic balance shifted from sympathicotonia (Kérdö index = 22.92 ± 5.48 conventional units) towards normotonia (Kérdö index = 15.56 ± 3.55 conventional units). CO2 concentration in the arterial blood was 4.73 ± 0.08 % at baseline, 5.03 ± 0.15 % on the 3rd day in the mountains, 5.16 ± 0.20 % on the 2nd day of aftereffect, and 4.86 ± 0.09 % on the 10th day. Breath-holding time increased, which indicates that adaptation to hypoxia occurred. During their stay in the mountains, students went on daily hikes at 1500– 3450 m above sea level. The fluctuating mode of hypoxic training was accompanied by a subjective feeling of unwellness, weakness and vertigo, which is understandable considering the mechanisms of physiological adaptation to hypoxia. The results of the study confirm that measures need to be taken in order to increase the level of functional reserves of young people living in Lugansk.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"564 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Dydrogesterone on the Oxytocin Reactivity of Venous Blood Neutrophils in Pregnant Women and Puerperae","authors":"I. Paturova, Svetlana L. Dmitrieva, Tatiana Polezhaeva, O. Zaytseva, Ol’ga N. Solomina, A. Khudyakov, M. Sergushkina, Viktor I. Tsirkin","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z175","url":null,"abstract":"The ability of steroid hormones to modulate the binding of oxytocin to oxytocin receptors is of great interest. The purpose of this article was to study the effect of oxytocin, dydrogesterone and their mixture on the radical activity of venous blood neutrophils in pregnant women during the 3rd trimester of a normal pregnancy and in women on the 1st day after term delivery. Materials and methods. Using the chemiluminescent method (BChL-07 biochemiluminometer) and cell stimulation with latex particles, we studied non-genomic and genomic effects of dydrogesterone (5∙10–5 g/l), oxytocin (10–7 IU/l) and their mixture on the radical activity of venous blood neutrophils in 20 pregnant women in the 3rd trimester of a normal pregnancy and 10 women on the 1st day after term labour. When the noise level was automatically subtracted, the following were recorded: maximum intensity of the synthesis of reactive oxygen species, time to reach the maximum of synthesis intensity, and area under the chemiluminogram curve, reflecting the total synthesis of radical particles over the course of 30 min. Results. Baseline radical activity of neutrophils in women on the 1st day after term delivery was found to be three times higher than in women during the 3rd trimester of a normal pregnancy. Judging by the area under the chemiluminogram curve and maximum intensity of the synthesis of reactive oxygen species, oxytocin had an equal stimulating effect on venous blood neutrophils both in pregnant women during the 3rd trimester and in puerperae. Dydrogesterone in each group of women equally stimulated the radical activity of neutrophils, both non-genomically and genomically. In both groups, under the action of dydrogesterone through membrane receptors, oxytocin reactivity of neutrophils remained unchanged, while through nuclear receptors, it decreased. Possible mechanisms of progesterone’s involvement in the regulation of oxytocin reactivity of the myometrium and venous blood neutrophils in women during pregnancy and postpartum are considered.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"74 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448466","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Changes in the IR Spectra of Energy Metabolism Metabolites in the Blood of Rats with Hepatocellular Carcinoma Under the Influence of Hyperthermia and Apitoxin","authors":"Ol’ga V. Krasnikova, Olga S. Kondrashina, Marina S. Piskunova, Anastasiya R. Kondrat’eva, Natal’ya V. Kol’tyukova, Ol’ga M. Moskovtseva, Mikhail A. Shabalin","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z170","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z170","url":null,"abstract":"There is a need to develop and improve conservative treatment methods for malignant liver tumours, since only in a small percentage of cases (10–30 %) radical treatments can be applied. Therefore, of relevance are studies into the effect of hyperthermia on the absorption of antitumour drugs and the effect of bee venom as a physiological therapeutic agent on the energy metabolism of tumour cells. Infrared spectroscopy could potentially be used to study changes in energy metabolism parameters in the blood plasma. The purpose of this article is to assess changes in the concentrations of energy metabolism metabolites in the blood of tumour-bearing animals during hyperthermia under the action of apitoxin using infrared spectroscopy. Materials and methods. The research involved 50 white non-linear female rats, divided into an intact, control and three experimental groups. The control and experimental groups were inoculated with hepatocellular carcinoma. The experimental groups were injected intraperitoneally with honey bee venom followed by hyperthermia sessions at different temperatures (42.5; 43.5 and 44.5 °С). Blood plasma was studied using a spectrophotometer in the wavenumber range of 1170–1025 cm–1. Results. We found a statistically significant increase in adenosine triphosphate concentrations (by 54 %) and a decrease in adenosine monophosphate (by 54 %), adenosine diphosphate (by 18 %) and glucose (by 87 %) levels compared to the control at 42.5 °C hyperthermia under the action of bee venom by the 7th day; however, on the 28th day the opposite effect was observed: an increase in adenosine monophosphate, adenosine diphosphate and glucose concentrations and a decrease in adenosine triphosphate levels. No positive dynamic was detected at other hyperthermia regimens. It is concluded that infrared spectroscopy can be used to assess energy changes in animals with hepatocellular carcinoma at different hyperthermia regimens under the therapeutic effect of bee venom. The optimal conditions for bee venom effects on the body are achieved at 42.5 °C.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"257 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140448491","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Postural Balance in Football Players with Different Types of Autonomic Regulation When Performing the Romberg Test","authors":"Nikolay A. Tishutin","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z179","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z179","url":null,"abstract":"The study is relevant due to the importance of a high level of postural balance and optimal autonomic regulation in football players’ athletic activity, as well as due to the lack of such comprehensive research. The purpose of the article was to study postural balance maintenance during the Romberg test on a stabilometric platform in football players with different types of autonomic heart rate regulation. Materials and methods. The research involved 100 football players. Based on the cardiointervalograms recorded initially, the participants were divided into groups according to the types of autonomic regulation. Further, centre of pressure fluctuations on the platform were recorded while maintaining a vertical posture with eyes open (54 s) and closed (54 s). Results. Football players with the normotonic and vagotonic types of autonomic regulation are characterized by a higher level of postural balance maintenance in the position with eyes open. In the position with eyes closed, a higher level of postural balance maintenance was found in football players with the vagotonic type of autonomic regulation. The normotonic and vagotonic types of autonomic regulation in football players can be considered optimal for effective posture maintenance under simple conditions, as well as for a normal course of compensatory-adaptive rearrangements in the body and successful adaptation to complicated posture maintenance conditions. The results obtained in this study broaden the current understanding of the postural control system in football players, as well as of the role of the type of autonomic regulation in maintaining postural balance under complicated conditions.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"510 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446537","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Analysis of Monounsaturated Fatty Acids in the Peripheral Blood of Residents of Different Climatic Regions","authors":"B. Shengof, F. Bichkaeva, E. Nesterova","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z178","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z178","url":null,"abstract":"Disordered endogenous synthesis as well as changes in the quantity and qualitative composition of fatty acids in the diet can become pathogenetic factors in a number of metabolic diseases. The purpose of this article was a comparative analysis of the content of monounsaturated fatty acids (palmitoleic, elaidic, oleic, gondoic, erucic and nervonic) in the peripheral blood of residents of different climatic regions. Materials and methods. The research was conducted between 2008 and 2018 and involved 697 subjects aged 22 to 60 years. Depending on the region of permanent residence, all the participants were divided into three groups: 1) residents of the Arctic region (AR); 2) people living in the circumpolar region (CR); 3) residents of the South Caucasus (SC). The level of monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) in the blood serum was evaluated using gas-liquid chromatography. Results. The analysis of the data obtained demonstrates that the total concentration of MUFAs in the peripheral blood of AR and CR residents is statistically significantly lower compared to the people of SC. In particular, northerners showed lower concentrations of palmitoleic, oleic and gondoic acids. Moreover, in the AR group, the level of elaidic acid was higher than in the SC group, while the concentration of erucic acid was lower than in the CR and SC groups. In terms of nervonic acid, a statistically significantly lower content was detected in SC residents compared to the CR group, while the probability of differences between SC and AR residents was at the trend level. Thus, extreme factors of the North cause adaptive rearrangements in fat metabolism at the level of major and minor fatty acid components. At the same time, the changes are closely linked with the structure of nutrition and can be attributed to an unbalanced diet.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"581 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446839","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Morphometric Characteristics of the Heart in Children Aged 7–10 Years Living in the Arkhangelsk Region","authors":"Igor’ S. Chub, O. Karyakina, Anna P. Boreyko, Ul’yana R. Zakharchenko, Aleksey V. Artemov, Aleksey A. Karyakin","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z177","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z177","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this paper was to determine the morphometric characteristics of the heart in 7–10-year-old children living in the Arkhangelsk Region in relation to their physical development parameters. Materials and methods. The research was performed in Vyzhletsov Arkhangelsk Regional Children’s Clinical Hospital. Using echocardiography, we studied the morphometric parameters of 990 children of both sexes aged between 7 and 10 years without cardiovascular pathologies and collected their anthropometric data. Results. With the relative stability of the processes of morphofunctional maturation at this stage of ontogenesis, both sexand age-related structural features of the heart were detected. The largest number of sex-related differences was found for children aged 8 years, and they were associated with greater values of cardiac parameters in boys compared to girls. Sеx-related differences in the width of the major vessels get levelled out by the age of 10. Parameters of physical development naturally increase with age, evenly over the years; sexual dimorphism is not pronounced. The total increase in anthropometric values from 7 to 10 years in boys and girls was: 12.67 % and 14.10 % for body length, 38.68 % and 40.66 % for body weight, and 24.21 % and 27.17 % for body surface area (BSA), respectively. The most consistent and unidirectional age-related changes concern BSA, which demonstrates a significant correlation with cardiac morphology, especially in late prepuberty. The greatest stability in reflecting the share of variation in echocardiogram parameters in all age and sex groups has BSA calculated by the Mosteller formula. The left heart in boys starts to enlarge from 8 to 10 years, while in girls, between 9 and 10 years. Factor analysis showed an increase in the contribution of physical development parameters to the dispersion of morphological characteristics of the heart with age.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"88 ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140446925","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Massage in Obstetrics and the Prospects of Using the Author’s Method of Vibroacoustic Massage with Singing Bowls During Pregnancy (Review)","authors":"Viktor O. Oguy, E.M. Litvichenko, Evgeny V. Bykov","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z185","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z185","url":null,"abstract":"During pregnancy, most women experience a number of health problems, e.g. back pain, anxiety, sleep disorders, headaches, etc. At the same time, it is recommended to treat these conditions with minimal medication. Therefore, non-drug methods, such as massage, and vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls in particular, become relevant. However, an opinion exists that during pregnancy massage should be used with caution, especially in the 1st and 3rd trimesters. The purpose of this article is to analyse the advantages of massage and the specifics of its use in pregnant women, as well as to determine the possibility of applying the author’s method of vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls (patent RU2687006C1) during the prenatal period. In this regard, we analysed the works on the benefits of massage and its use in pregnant women. The ScienceDirect, Cochrane Library, eLIBRARY, and PubMed databases were used to search for the following keywords: massage therapy, pregnant women, classical massage, pregnancy, massage, physical therapy modalities, relaxation, pregnancy massage, antenatal massage. As a result, we came to a number of conclusions: 1) healthy women with uncomplicated pregnancy can have massage throughout the gestation period; 2) massage during pregnancy reduces the symptoms of depression and anxiety, improves sleep, relieves leg and back pain, and has a positive effect on the immune function; 3) during the massage, moderate pressure should be applied; 4) women with complicated pregnancy should get massage only after consulting an obstetrician; 5) vibroacoustic massage with singing bowls improves blood circulation, reduces anxiety, and improves emotional state and sleep quality, which makes it a promising massage method during pregnancy; however, further research is required to determine its effectiveness and safety as well as to adjust the procedure’s protocol in order to use it in pregnant women.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"40 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Cognitive Control Processes in the Stroop Task and Their Reflection in Event-Related Potentials (Review)","authors":"Valentina A. Grigorik, M. Pronina, M. G. Starchenko","doi":"10.37482/2687-1491-z184","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37482/2687-1491-z184","url":null,"abstract":"The review summarizes the data of Russian and foreign studies on the psychophysiological parameters of the Stroop task execution. In addition, the article considers the main modifications of the task and similar paradigms as well as the key hypotheses explaining the causes of the interference effect and the increase in reaction time to stimuli containing conflicting information. Further, the paper presents data on eventrelated potential (ERP) waves, which are supposed to reflect cognitive control processes, such as conflict detection, overcoming of interference and conflict resolution. The frontocentral N2 wave characterizes the processes of conflict detection and overcoming of interference, and its main neural generator is the anterior cingulate cortex. The N450 wave is primarily generated in the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex and is thought to reflect interference suppression. The centroparietal P300 wave and the late positive complex, which appears to be generated in the middle or inferior frontal gyrus and in the extrastriate cortex, are associated with the conflict resolution process. The readiness potential is, supposedly, generated in the motor cortex and reflects the process of selecting and preparing a motor response. Moreover, the review presents the main directions of studies that use the Stroop test paradigm and its modifications. Despite a significant number of existing psychophysical and neurophysiological papers, the question of the brain mechanisms of cognitive control in tasks that cause cognitive conflict remains open, and the neuropsychological role of the ERP waves recorded in such tasks is still not fully explored. Studies into the influence of different types of competing information and the degree of conflict on the psychophysiological indicators in the Stroop task are of considerable interest.","PeriodicalId":508258,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Medical and Biological Research","volume":"40 22","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140449093","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}