American Journal of Chinese Medicine最新文献

{"title":"Baicalin Reduces Immune Cell Infiltration by Inhibiting Inflammation and Protecting Tight Junctions in Ischemic Stroke Injury.","authors":"Zhiyuan Hao,&nbsp;Zheyu Zhang,&nbsp;Yuhang Zhao,&nbsp;Dongsheng Wang","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X23500180","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X23500180","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Ischemic stroke is a serious health hazard that lacks effective treatment strategies. This study aims to investigate baicalin's effect on tight junctions and immune cell infiltration after ischemic stroke injury. Rat brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) were treated with OGD/R to establish an <i>in vitro</i> model. Caspase-3, Bax, Bcl-2, zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1), occludin, claudin-5, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-[Formula: see text], interleukin (IL)-6, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), Toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, TLR4, and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-[Formula: see text]B) expressions were detected using qRT-PCR and western blotting. ZO-1, TNF-[Formula: see text], iNOS, IL6, CD31, and ZO-1 expressions were examined using immunofluorescence. A tube formation assay was performed to measure angiogenesis. An ischemia-reperfusion model in rats was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion. The infarct volume was observed using 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride staining. TNF-[Formula: see text], iNOS, and IL6 levels in the serum were tested using ELISA. Flow cytometry was performed to examine immune cell inflammatory infiltration. Baicalin had no significant effect on the proliferation of normal BMECs. Baicalin inhibited apoptosis, protected against tight junction injury, and alleviated the inflammatory response in OGD/R-induced BMECs and IR rats, with the highest dose (25[Formula: see text][Formula: see text]g/mL) exerting a superior effect. Baicalin decreased the neurological function score, infarct volume, and brain water content, relieved brain morphological changes, and inhibited immune cell infiltration <i>in vivo</i>. In conclusion, baicalin could reduce BMECs apoptosis, protect tight junctions, and resist immune cell infiltration, thereby alleviating ischemic stroke. Our findings potentially provide a novel treatment strategy for ischemic stroke.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"51 2","pages":"355-372"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9210943","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Traditional Chinese Medicine for the Common Cold: Evidence and Potential Mechanisms.","authors":"Shengxian Wu,&nbsp;Wenquan Su,&nbsp;Qinhua Fan,&nbsp;Hongcai Shang,&nbsp;Wei Xiao,&nbsp;Yongyan Wang","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X23500258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X23500258","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has a history of over 2000 years in treating infectious diseases, among which the clinical treatment of the common cold (colds) and influenza (flu) is the most widespread and well-established. It is difficult to tell the difference between a cold and the flu based on the symptoms alone. The flu vaccine protects against influenza, but there is no vaccine or specific medication to protect against the common cold. Due to the lack of a reliable scientific basis, TCM has not received sufficient attention in Western medicine. Therefore, we systematically evaluated the scientific evidence proving the efficacy of TCM intervention in treating colds for the first time by examining theoretical principles, clinical research, and pharmacological perspectives, as well as the mechanisms behind this efficacy. In TCM theory, there are four important external environmental factors that may cause a cold, which are called \"cold, heat, dryness, and dampness\". The scientific basis for this theory has been described and will help researchers to understand and recognize its importance. The results of the systematic review of high-quality randomized controlled clinical trials (RCTs) have shown that TCM is effective and safe for the treatment of colds. Therefore, TCM might be used as a complementary or alternative approach to cold treatment and management. Some clinical trials have demonstrated that TCM may have potential therapeutic effects in preventing colds and treating their sequelae. However, more high-quality, large-scale randomized controlled trials should be conducted in the future for further verification. Pharmacological studies have shown that active ingredients extracted from TCM for treating colds have antiviral, anti-inflammatory, immune-regulating, and anti-oxidative properties. We expect that this review will guide the optimization and rationalization of TCM clinical practice and scientific research in the treatment of colds.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"51 3","pages":"487-515"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9546948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effects of Resveratrol on Pulmonary Fibrosis via TGF-β/Smad/ERK Signaling Pathway.","authors":"Lei Liu,&nbsp;Bin Liu,&nbsp;Liang Li,&nbsp;Xiangdong Zhou,&nbsp;Qi Li","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X23500313","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X23500313","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive pulmonary disease with no effective treatment and high mortality. Resveratrol has shown promising benefits in the treatment of PF. However, the probable efficacy and underlying mechanism of resveratrol in PF treatment remain unclear. This study investigates the intervention effects and potential mechanisms underpinning the treatment of PF with resveratrol. The histopathological analysis of lung tissues in PF rats showed that resveratrol improved collagen deposition and reduced inflammation. Resveratrol decreased the levels of collagen, glutathione, superoxide dismutase, myeloperoxidase, and hydroxyproline, lowered total anti-oxidant capacity, and suppressed the migration of TGF-[Formula: see text]1 and LPS-induced 3T6 fibroblasts. With resveratrol intervention, the protein and RNA expressions of TGF-[Formula: see text]1, a-SMA, Smad3/4, p-Smad3/4, CTGF, and p-ERK1/2 were markedly downregulated. Similarly, the protein and RNA expression levels of Col-1 and Col-3 were significantly downregulated. However, Smad7 and ERK1/2 were evidently upregulated. The protein and mRNA expression levels of TGF-[Formula: see text], Smad, and p-ERK correlated positively with the lung index, while the protein and mRNA expression levels of ERK correlated negatively with the lung index. These results reveal that resveratrol may have therapeutic effects on PF by reducing collagen deposition, oxidation, and inflammation. The mechanism is associated with the regulation of the TGF-[Formula: see text]/Smad/ERK signaling pathway.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"51 3","pages":"651-676"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"9546970","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The Role of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Cancer Immunotherapy: Current Status and Future Directions.","authors":"Jinxin Xie,&nbsp;Huiming Huang,&nbsp;Xingxing Li,&nbsp;Lishan Ouyang,&nbsp;Longyan Wang,&nbsp;Dongxiao Liu,&nbsp;Xuejiao Wei,&nbsp;Peng Tan,&nbsp;Pengfei Tu,&nbsp;Zhongdong Hu","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X2350074X","DOIUrl":"10.1142/S0192415X2350074X","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The tumor microenvironment (TME) plays an important role in the development of tumors. Immunoregulatory cells and cytokines facilitate cancer cells to avoid immune surveillance. Overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules such as CTLA-4 and PD-1/PD-L1 inhibits immune function and enables cancer cells to avoid clearance by the immune system. Thus, minimizing tumor immunosuppression could be an important strategy for cancer therapy. Currently, many immune checkpoint-targeted drugs, such as PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors, have been approved for marketing and have shown unique advantages in the clinical treatment of cancers. The concept of \"strengthening resistance to eliminate pathogenic factors\" in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is consistent with the immunotherapy of cancer. According to previous studies, the role of TCM in tumor immunotherapy is mainly associated with the positive regulation of natural killer cells, CD8/CD4 T cells, dendritic cells, M2 macrophages, interleukin-2, tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text], and IFN-[Formula: see text], as well as with the negative regulation of Tregs, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, cancer-associated fibroblasts, PD-1/PD-L1, transforming growth factor-[Formula: see text], and tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text]. This paper summarizes the current research on the effect of TCM targeting the TME, and further introduces the research progress on studying the effects of TCM on immune checkpoints. Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that TCM can directly or indirectly affect the TME by inhibiting the overexpression of immune checkpoint molecules and enhancing the efficacy of tumor immunotherapy. TCM with immunomodulatory stimulation could be the key factor to achieve benefits from immunotherapy for patients with non-inflammatory, or \"cold\", tumors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":" ","pages":"1627-1651"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10459272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Chicoric Acid Presented NLRP3-Mediated Pyroptosis through Mitochondrial Damage by PDPK1 Ubiquitination in an Acute Lung Injury Model.","authors":"Weiwei Zhang,&nbsp;Min Zhao,&nbsp;Zhichen Pu,&nbsp;Qin Yin,&nbsp;Yinping Shui","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X23500659","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X23500659","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Chicoric acid (CA), a functional food ingredient, is a caffeic acid derivative that is mainly found in lettuce, pulsatilla, and other natural plants. However, the anti-inflammatory effects of CA in acute lung injury (ALI) remain poorly understood. This study was conducted to investigate potential drug usage of CA for ALI and the underlying molecular mechanisms of inflammation. C57BL/6 mice were given injections of liposaccharide (LPS) to establish the <i>in vivo</i> model. Meanwhile, BMDM cells were stimulated with LPS+ATP to build the <i>in vitro</i> model. CA significantly alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress in both the <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> models of ALI through the inhibition of NLR family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3)-mediated pyroptosis. In addition, CA attenuated mitochondrial damage to suppress NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in the <i>in vivo</i> and <i>in vitro</i> models of ALI by suppressing the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) via inhibiting the Akt/nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) pathway. CA inhibited the interaction between Akt at T308 and phosphoinositide-dependent kinase-1 (PDPK1) at S549, thus promoting the phosphorylation of the Akt protein. Furthermore, CA directly targeted the PDPK1 protein and accelerated PDPK1 ubiquitination, indicating that 91-GLY, 111-LYS, 126-TYR, 162-ALA, 205-ASP, and 223-ASP might be responsible for the interaction between PDPK1 and CA. In conclusion, CA from <i>Lettuce</i> alleviated NLRP3-mediated pyroptosis in the ALI model through ROS-induced mitochondrial damage by activating Akt/Nrf2 pathway via PDPK1 ubiquitination. The present study suggests that CA might be a potential therapeutic drug to treat or prevent ALI in pneumonia or COVID-19.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"51 6","pages":"1431-1457"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10499298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"ERRATUM: Biochanin A from Chinese Medicine: An Isoflavone with Diverse Pharmacological Properties.","authors":"Jia Yan,&nbsp;Panda Qiu,&nbsp;Xinyu Zhang,&nbsp;Yuanyuan Zhang,&nbsp;Linjing Mi,&nbsp;Cheng Peng,&nbsp;Xiaoqi Pan,&nbsp;Fu Peng","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X2292001X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X2292001X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"50 7","pages":"1993"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"33500238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"<i>Atractylodes lancea</i> Rhizoma Attenuates DSS-Induced Colitis by Regulating Intestinal Flora and Metabolites.","authors":"Linghang Qu,&nbsp;Chunlian Liu,&nbsp;Chang Ke,&nbsp;Xin Zhan,&nbsp;Lanqing Li,&nbsp;Haiying Xu,&nbsp;Kang Xu,&nbsp;Yanju Liu","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X22500203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X22500203","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Atractylodes lancea&lt;/i&gt; (Thunb.) DC. is a herb widely used traditionally for the treatment of gastrointestinal diseases such as gastric ulcer, spleen deficiency, and diarrhea. In China, people fry raw &lt;i&gt;A. lancea&lt;/i&gt; (SCZ) together with wheat bran to make bran-fried &lt;i&gt;A. lancea&lt;/i&gt; (FCZ). Ancient Chinese texts have documented that FCZ can enhance the function of regulating the intestines and stomach. Nevertheless, the effect and mechanism of SCZ and FCZ on ulcerative colitis (UC) are still unclear. The aim of this study was to compare the therapeutic effects of SCZ and FCZ and their mechanisms on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced UC in mice. The chemical constituents of SCZ and FCZ were analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS) with six reference compounds. The effects of SCZ and FCZ were investigated based on their effects on weight loss, disease activity index (DAI) score, colon length shortening, goblet cell loss, and pathological changes using the colons from a mouse model of DSS-induced UC. The effects of SCZ and FCZ on levels of the inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-[Formula: see text], interleukin-6, interleukin-1[Formula: see text], mucoprotein (MUC2), tight protein (ZO-1, occludin), and the activation of macrophages were determined using immunohistochemistry (IHC) and immunofluorescence (IF). 16s RNA sequencing technology was used to detect the composition of the intestinal flora in each group. Nontargeted metabonomics was used to detect the serum metabolite levels of mice in each group. Pearson analysis was used to determine the correlation between the intestinal flora, metabolites, and pathological indices. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction was used to detect the genes of different metabolite-related enzymes. A pseudogerm free (PGF) mouse model was used to verify whether the effect of SCZ and FCZ in UC depends on the regulation of intestinal flora. SCZ and FCZ could inhibit weight loss and decrease the DAI score, colon length shortening, goblet cell loss, and the extent of pathological changes in the colons of mice with DSS-induced colitis. Moreover, SCZ and FCZ inhibited the decrease in MUC2, ZO-1, occludin, production of pro-inflammatory factors, and activation of pro-inflammatory macrophages in colonic tissue. The effect of FCZ was better than that of SCZ. SCZ and FCZ not only inhibited the abundance of harmful bacteria and increased the abundance of beneficial bacteria, but also regulated the metabolism of disease-related metabolites such as amino acid and cholesterol metabolism. Both preparations inhibited the gene expression (Slc6A7, PRODH, Sdsl, HMGCR, SREBP-2) of different metabolite-related enzymes. In the PGF mouse model, the above effects were not observed. Rhizoma Atractylodes was effective in alleviating DSS-induced UC in mice, and FCZ was found to be superior to SCZ. The mechanism of action of FCZ and SCZ is mainly related to the reg","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"525-552"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39885271","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy and Safety of Chinese Medicine for COVID-19: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.","authors":"Hanting Wu,&nbsp;Rongchen Dai,&nbsp;Xiaqiu Wu,&nbsp;Qiushuang Li,&nbsp;Hanti Lu,&nbsp;Junchao Yang,&nbsp;Wei Mao,&nbsp;Peijie Hei,&nbsp;Juan Liang,&nbsp;Conghua Ji","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X22500136","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X22500136","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of traditional Chinese medicine for COVID-19 treatment with a focus on the benefits of symptomatic relief and time-related indexes. Seven electronic databases (PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, Chongqing VIP, Wanfang Data, and Chinese Clinical Trial Registry) were systematically searched from their beginning to April 2021. Only randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing patients using Western therapy (WT) alone and those using additional Chinese medicine (WT [Formula: see text] CM) were included. Primary outcomes included overall efficacy, lung recovery, and time to viral assay conversion. Secondary outcomes included time and rate of individual symptom recovery, laboratory indicators, and adverse events. Overall, 15 RCTs, including 1469 participants, were included in this review. WT [Formula: see text] CM significantly improved overall efficacy (risk ratio, RR [Formula: see text] 1.21; 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.30; [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 0.01) and lung recovery (RR [Formula: see text] 1.30; 95% CI:1.19 to 1.42; [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 0.01) and shortened the time to viral assay conversion (weighted mean differences, WMD [Formula: see text]1.38; 95% CI: -1.98 to -0.78; [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 0.01) and duration of chest distress (WMD [Formula: see text] 2.41; 95% CI: -2.99 to -1.83; [Formula: see text] [Formula: see text] 0.01) compared to WT alone. There was no difference in safety between the WT [Formula: see text] CM and WT groups (RR [Formula: see text] 0.94; 95% CI: 0.64 to 1.39; [Formula: see text] 0.76). In conclusion, the synthesized evidence from 15 RCTs showed that additional Chinese medication may improve treatment efficacy, relieve symptoms, promote lung recovery, and reduce the inflammatory response against COVID-19, while not increasing the risk of adverse events compared with conventional Western medication alone.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"50 2","pages":"333-349"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39885272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Falcarindiol Stimulates Apoptotic and Autophagic Cell Death to Attenuate Cell Proliferation, Cell Division, and Metastasis through the PI3K/AKT/mTOR/p70S6K Pathway in Human Oral Squamous Cell Carcinomas.","authors":"Kyung-Ran Park,&nbsp;Hyun Hee Leem,&nbsp;Yoon-Ju Kwon,&nbsp;Il Keun Kwon,&nbsp;Jin Tae Hong,&nbsp;Hyung-Mun Yun","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X22500112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X22500112","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Human oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) have high cancer mortality and a 5-year survival rate lower than that of most other carcinomas. New therapeutic strategies are required for the treatment and prevention against OSCCs. An approach to cancer therapy using plant-derived natural compounds has been actively in progress as a trend. Falcarindiol (FALC), or its isolated form <i>Ostericum koreanum</i> Kitagawa (<i>O. koreanum</i>), is present in many food and dietary plants, especially in carrots, and this compound has a variety of beneficial effects. However, biological activity of FALC has not been reported in OSCCs yet. This study aimed to demonstrate the antitumor effects of FALC against OSCCs, YD-10B cells. In this study, FALC was selected as a result of screening for compounds isolated from various natural products in YD-10B cells. FALC suppressed cell growth, and FALC-induced apoptotic cell death was mainly accompanied by the dephosphorylation of PI3K, AKT, mTOR, and p70S6K. The apoptotic cell death was also associated with autophagy as evidenced by the expression of Beclin-1, the conversion of LC3-II, and the formation of autophagosome. FALC-induced autophagy was accompanied by MAPKs including ERK1/2 and p38. Furthermore, FALC caused the antimetastatic effects by inhibiting the migration and invasion of YD-10B cells. Taken together, the findings suggest the potential value of FALC as a novel candidate for therapeutic strategy against OSCCs.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"50 1","pages":"295-311"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"39832318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Research Advances in Lotus Leaf as Chinese Dietary Herbal Medicine.","authors":"Haoxue Zheng,&nbsp;Lintao Han,&nbsp;Wenfeng Shi,&nbsp;Xiaoping Fang,&nbsp;Yi Hong,&nbsp;Yan Cao","doi":"10.1142/S0192415X22500616","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1142/S0192415X22500616","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Lotus leaf (Heye), the dry foliage of <i>Nelumbo nucifera</i> Gaertn, has been valuable as a dietary herbal medicine for thousands of years. Phytochemical studies indicated that alkaloids and flavonoids are the main components of Heye. Polysaccharides, terpenes, and amino acids are also active ingredients. The drug properties of Heye are mild and bitter. Meridian tropism is mainly distributed in the liver, spleen, and stomach meridian. In the Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) theoretical system, it is in many formulas for the therapy of various symptoms, including wasting-thirst induced by summer heat, diarrhea caused by summer heat-dampness and spleen deficiency, hematochezia, flooding and spotting, among others. Nowadays, the extracts and active components of Heye demonstrate multiple bioactivities, for instance anti-obesity, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, cardiovascular protective, anticancer, hepatoprotective, hypoglycemic, antiviral, antimicrobial, as well as hemostatic activities. This review will provide an overview of Heye serving as a typical plant with functions of both medicine and food, including its practical applications in terms of TCM and healthy diet, phytochemistry, pharmacological activity, together with its toxicity. Besides, the new points and prospects of Heye in the overview are also outlined straightforwardly.</p>","PeriodicalId":50814,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Chinese Medicine","volume":"50 6","pages":"1423-1445"},"PeriodicalIF":5.7,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"40410668","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}