American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics最新文献

{"title":"Optimizing mandibular second molar mesialization: A comparative analysis of stress distribution and displacement using tie-back and temporary skeletal anchorage device-assisted mechanisms with a nonlinear finite element model","authors":"Cem Olmez ,&nbsp;Koray Halicioglu ,&nbsp;Gulay Dumanli Gok ,&nbsp;Osman Koc","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.019","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.04.019","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the optimal approach for mandibular second molar<span> (M2M) mesialization in mandibular first molar<span> extraction patients under 3 distinct scenarios—corticotomy-assisted or nonassisted—by evaluating 2 mesialization techniques (temporary skeletal anchorage device [TSAD]) supported coil spring and tie-back). The finite element method was used to compare stress distribution and displacement patterns.</span></span></div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div><span>Six models were designed to simulate M2M mesialization. In the first 3 models (hook models), the force was applied using posted arches with tie-backs to the M2M hook. In the final 3 models (TSAD models), a force was applied using a TSAD placed between the canine and premolar teeth, employing power arms extending from the M2M with closed-coil springs targeting the molar’s center of resistance. The tie-back and power arm mechanism was tested and compared alone (models I-IV), with mesial </span>incision (models II-V) and circumferential incision (models III and VI). Both decreasing (200, 100, and 50 g) and continuous (200 g) forces were used along 3 s/steps. In the nonlinear analysis, the total and directional displacement (along the x-, y-, and z-axes) and von Mises stress values were measured.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>TSAD models exhibited greater tooth displacement across all 3 axes with crown and roots translated mesially while showing minimal distal tipping (2.27° × 10⁻² to 2.63° × 10⁻²<span>). In addition, these models demonstrated greater lingual rotation and more pronounced extrusion on the mesial side. In contrast, hook models primarily exhibited mesial tilting rather than uniform mesial translation, with approximately 7-fold less overall extrusion and half the amount of lingual rotation compared with TSAD models. Piezocision failed to accelerate tooth displacements in both models. TSAD models generated slightly higher stress on the molar tooth and alveolar socket. In TSAD models, mesial and circumferential incisions reduced miniscrew stress by nearly half.</span></div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>TSAD mechanics enabled greater mesial translation with minimal distal tipping, whereas hook models exhibited more mesial tilting but reduced overall extrusion and rotation. TSAD models showed greater alveolar bone stress response. Circumferential incisions with TSAD anchorage minimized unwanted movements and alveolar bone stress response. Given the inherent limitations of the finite element method in fully replicating clinical outcomes, these findings should be interpreted with caution and validated through clinical studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"168 4","pages":"Pages 451-465"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144235846","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Authors’ response","authors":"Miri Chung,&nbsp;Wenyi Zhang,&nbsp;Yanfei Zhu,&nbsp;Zhengzhan Lv,&nbsp;Lingyong Jiang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Page 626"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195050","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Bone mineral density and anatomic limitations of miniscrew placement at buccal interradicular sites: A quantitative computed tomography study","authors":"Chang-Han Son ,&nbsp;Jung-Sub An ,&nbsp;Won-Jin Yi ,&nbsp;Sug-Joon Ahn","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.014","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.014","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to evaluate the bone mineral density (BMD) and anatomic limitations of miniscrew placement at buccal interradicular sites.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Virtual miniscrews were placed at the interradicular sites from the canines to the second molars of 139 patients who underwent quantitative computed tomography. Mixed-effects modeling and logistic regression were used to test the differences in BMD and the odds of root proximity, sinus invasion, and bicortical perforation according to sex, growth status, and interradicular site.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant interradicular BMD differences were observed between the sexes. Adults had higher interradicular BMDs than adolescents only in the mandible. There were no significant BMD differences among the maxillary interradicular sites, whereas the mandibular interradicular BMD tended to increase from the anterior to the posterior regions. All interradicular bones belonged to the same category according to Misch’s classification, and BMD differences of &lt;0.05 g/cc were observed in most sites except between mandibular molars. The interradicular BMD measurements were unavailable for 41.9% and 24.6% of the maxilla and mandible, respectively, mostly because of root proximity. The most anatomically favorable site was between the mandibular premolars, whereas the most unfavorable site was between the maxillary molars. The odds of anatomic limitations were not significantly affected by growth state or sex.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Regarding BMD, all interradicular sites from the canines to the second molars may be adequate candidates for miniscrew placement, regardless of growth state and sex. Anatomic limitations should be carefully considered when placing miniscrews, specifically between the maxillary molars.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Pages 713-724"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Relationship between discrimination, personality traits, and dentofacial features among schoolchildren in Jordan","authors":"Zaid B. Al-Bitar ,&nbsp;Hawazen N. Sonbol ,&nbsp;Hala M. Allawama ,&nbsp;Lamis D. Rajab ,&nbsp;Sarah Abu Arqub ,&nbsp;Mahmoud K. AL-Omiri","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.12.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.12.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of dentofacial features on experiences of discrimination and to examine their potential association with personality factors among schoolchildren in Jordan.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This cross-sectional study involved 1166 ninth and tenth-grade school children, comprising 707 girls and 459 boys, aged 14-16 years (mean age 14.97 ± 0.84 years). Participants were recruited from randomly selected schools and requested to complete 2 questionnaires. The first questionnaire investigated discrimination experiences, and the second was the NEO Five-Factor Inventory questionnaire, which was used to assess the participants’ 5 major personality factors: neuroticism, extraversion, openness, agreeableness, and conscientiousness. Relationships among variables were identified using chi-square and Fisher exact tests. Variations based on sex and the presence of discrimination were identified using the Mann-Whitney U test. Hierarchical logistic regression analysis was conducted to determine the odds of being exposed to discrimination based on dental problems and personality factors. Statistical significance was determined at 95% confidence intervals, with 2-tailed α values of ≤0.05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The prevalence of reported discrimination was 58.8% (n = 686); significantly more girls reported being discriminated against than boys (<em>P</em> &lt;0.001). Approximately 20% of the participants reported being discriminated against because of their dentofacial features. The 3 most commonly reported dentofacial features the discriminated against participants identified were tooth color (6.9%), spacing between teeth (6.6%), and proclined maxillary anterior teeth (5.1%). Hierarchical logistic regression analysis demonstrated that higher neuroticism scores, higher openness scores, and problems with dental or oral features were associated with higher odds of being exposed to discrimination (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Jordanian students reported a high incidence of discrimination, which was often linked to their dental or facial appearance. This discrimination was significantly associated with personality traits and specific dentofacial features.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Pages 648-659.e0"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143383975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Directory: AAO Officers and Organizations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0889-5406(25)00188-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0889-5406(25)00188-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Page 746"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0889-5406(25)00179-9","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0889-5406(25)00179-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Page A8"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144194903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors influencing prophylactic extraction of mandibular third molars in orthodontic practice: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Hila Ziv-On ,&nbsp;Amir Laviv ,&nbsp;Moshe Davidovitch ,&nbsp;Noa Sadan ,&nbsp;Waseem A. Abboud ,&nbsp;Michael V. Joachim","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.12.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2024.12.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Prophylactic extraction of mandibular third molars remains controversial in orthodontics, with variability in clinical decision-making. This study aimed to identify the factors influencing prophylactic extraction among Israeli orthodontists.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted using an online questionnaire distributed to 88 active orthodontic specialists and residents practicing in Israel. The questionnaire assessed the demographic characteristics and factors associated with prophylactic extractions. Statistical analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, Fisher exact test, Pearson’s correlation, Cochran’s Q test, and multivariate logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Impaction characteristics were the most frequently considered factors for prophylactic extraction (35.2%), followed by mandibular arch crowding (26.1%). Only 4.5% of orthodontists routinely referred patients for prophylactic extractions. No significant correlations were found between the demographic factors and extraction practices. A marginally significant and weak positive correlation between age and consideration of mandibular arch crowding (<em>r</em> = 0.21; <em>P</em> = 0.049) was observed. Cochran’s Q test indicated significant differences in the prioritization of factors (Q = 32.24; <em>P</em> &lt;0.001), with impaction characteristics and mandibular arch crowding considered significantly more than future pericoronitis.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The decision to recommend prophylactic extraction of mandibular third molars is primarily influenced by impaction characteristics and concerns about mandibular arch crowding rather than demographic factors. This variability in decision-making highlights the need for evidence-based guidelines to support orthodontists in managing third molars during treatment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Pages 673-680"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143450880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Diagnostic accuracy of artificial intelligence for dental and occlusal parameters using standardized clinical photographs","authors":"Matthew Vaughan ,&nbsp;Samer Mheissen ,&nbsp;Martyn Cobourne ,&nbsp;Farooq Ahmed","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>SmileMate (SmileMate, Dental Monitoring SAS, Paris, France) is an artificial intelligence (AI)-based Web site that uses intraoral photographs to assess patients’ dental and orthodontic parameters and provide a report. This study aimed to investigate the ability of an AI assessment tool (SmileMate) for orthodontic and dental parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A United Kingdom-based prospective clinical study enrolled 35 participants in the study. The participants’ occlusal and dental parameters were assessed, and standardized orthodontic photographs were taken and uploaded to the SmileMate Web site to produce an AI-generated assessment. A total of 19 parameters were evaluated: 9 orthodontic parameters and 10 dental parameters covering both soft and hard tissues. A crosstabulation for AI and clinician assessments was reported using Fisher exact tests. Cohen’s kappa was calculated to provide an agreement between the gold standard (clinician assessment) and SmileMate (AI assessment). Finally, the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve were calculated.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Statistically significant differences between a direct in-person assessment and the SmileMate AI assessment were noted across 9 of the 19 parameters (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05, Fisher exact test). The overall kappa value was fair (0.29), with a variety of agreements between AI and clinician assessments; the level of agreement ranged from poor in 2 parameters (lateral open bite and teeth fracture) to almost perfect for missing and retained teeth. The level of agreement ranged from slight to moderate for the other variables in this study. The overall sensitivity of the AI-generated assessments was 72%, and the specificity was 54%. The specificity of AI was very low for gingivitis and oral hygiene, indicating a very high probability of false-positive findings for those parameters.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The overall agreement between SmileMate and the clinician’s assessment was slight to moderate. AI-generated assessments are inadequate for evaluating malocclusion.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Pages 733-740"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143544518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anchorage loss in maxillary premolar and anterior teeth during maxillary molar distalization in clear aligner treatment","authors":"Zeyao Miao,&nbsp;Yuxuan Yang,&nbsp;Haijuan Zhang,&nbsp;Chengdong Zheng,&nbsp;Xin Gao,&nbsp;Jinyuan Zhu,&nbsp;Yandong Han,&nbsp;Shuang Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study aimed to assess the anchorage loss in the premolars and anterior teeth during maxillary molar distalization using clear aligners combined with miniscrews, provided that no virtual movement was designed for these teeth.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A total of 38 maxillary quadrants of 21 participants were analyzed. Digital models were gathered pre-treatment and before the designed initial movement of the premolars and anterior teeth and superimposed using the palatal rugae area. The predicted, achieved, and unachieved molar distal movements, as well as the linear, anterior, and lateral movements of premolars and actual movement of anterior teeth, were compared and analyzed.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Approximately 0.8 mm of maxillary molar distalization was unachieved. The unachieved distalization of the first and second molars (0.53 ± 0.41 mm and 0.82 ± 0.64 mm, respectively), the lateral and anterior movement of the first (0.14 ± 0.28 mm and 0.32 ± 0.37 mm, respectively) and second (0.25 ± 0.31 mm and 0.29 ± 0.32 mm, respectively) premolars were significantly greater than 0. There were significant positive linear regression relationships between the unachieved distal movement of molars and the anterior movement of premolars, as well as between the unachieved distal movement of molars and the actual movement of the anterior teeth (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05). In addition, significant positive linear regression relationships were found between the anterior movement of the premolars and the actual movement of the anterior teeth.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Significant anterolateral movement tendencies were observed in premolars. Premolar anterior anchorage loss may mediate the interactions between molar distalization and anchorage loss in the anterior teeth.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Pages 690-702"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Esthetic perception of mandibular anterior teeth during speech and dynamic smile","authors":"Roberta Mancebo Camara,&nbsp;Claudia Trindade Mattos,&nbsp;Alexandre Trindade Motta","doi":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ajodo.2025.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>This study evaluated the esthetic perception of the mandibular anterior teeth during speech by comparing the assessments of laypeople (LP) and orthodontists (ODs).</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A Class I occlusion model was filmed pronouncing “Czechoslovakia” and smiling. Dynamic smile and speech images were extracted and digitally manipulated to create various dental conditions: ideal alignment, mandibular canine extrusion, mandibular incisor crowding, inclined mandibular occlusal plane, mandibular incisor diastema, and mandibular incisor extraction simulation. Forty-eight participants from each group (LP and ODs) evaluated images using visual analog scales. Statistical analysis employed repeated measures analysis of variance with a 5% significance level.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No significant differences appeared between evaluator group means except for the dynamic smile image. Dynamic smile images received the highest scores, followed by aligned and leveled teeth, both showing significant differences (<em>P</em> &lt;0.05) from each other and the remaining images. Inclined occlusal plane and diastema images received the lowest scores. Group evaluations showed distinct patterns: ODs did not significantly differentiate between canine extrusion, crowding, inclined occlusal plane, and diastema images, whereas LP showed no significant differentiation between incisor extraction, canine extrusion, crowding, and diastema images.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Speech images received lower attractiveness ratings than ideal occlusion in both groups. No significant differences appeared between LP and OD evaluations except for the dynamic smile image assessment.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50806,"journal":{"name":"American Journal of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics","volume":"167 6","pages":"Pages 725-732"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143525114","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}