{"title":"[Garlic and cardiovascular risk].","authors":"D A de Luis, R Aller","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000500010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000500010","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Garlic is one of the oldest dietary vegetables. In this article, we'll review the evidences of cardiovascular risk factors and garlic consumption, analizing the influence on lipid levels, vascular endothelium and platelet aggregation. Regular consumption of 5 g (raw garlic) twice per day during 42 days decreases levels of cholesterol and triglyceride. However, almost all lipid studies have been realized in animals. In animal models (dogs and rats), it has been demonstrated a dose depending hypotensive effect, too. Garlic consumption has demonstrated an activation of fibrinolisis and a downregulation of coagulation, with a decrease in the rate of thrombogenesis. These results have been repeated by other work, in which a garlic alcoholic extract is a potent inhibitor of platelet aggregation. In summary, the effects of garlic on cardiovascular risk are important. However, it is necessary to demonstrate a decrease on cardiovascular events and to elucidate the amount of garlic to obtain benefict effects, most studies are necessary.</p>","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 5","pages":"237-40"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27655866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I de la Puerta González-Miró, G Piñol-Ripoll, A Del Río Ligorit
{"title":"[Chest pain and left bundle branch block without myocardial ischemia].","authors":"I de la Puerta González-Miró, G Piñol-Ripoll, A Del Río Ligorit","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000500012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000500012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 5","pages":"244-5"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27655868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Adverse events due to chest drainage insertion].","authors":"B Obón-Azuara, I Gutiérrez-Cía, J L Ruiz-Gurbindo","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 5","pages":"249"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"27655873","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J N Sancho-Chust, E Chiner-Vives, A Luz Andreu-Rodríguez, M Llombart-Cantó, C Senent-Español, G Mediero-Carrasco
{"title":"[An infrequent cause of pulmonary thromboembolism].","authors":"J N Sancho-Chust, E Chiner-Vives, A Luz Andreu-Rodríguez, M Llombart-Cantó, C Senent-Español, G Mediero-Carrasco","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400008","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We present a case of pulmonary thromboembolism in a young patient triggered by a long haul travel, in which a homocygotic mutation in the gene of the metilentetrahidrofolate reductase was demonstrated. This mutation can cause hyperhomocysteinemia that is a recognized risk factor for venous thromboembolism (VTE). In the management of these patients, the levels of homocysteine should be lowered, as well as use of thromboprophylaxis before transitory risk situations. It is important to know when the screening should be performed, because they are behind an important number of cases of VTE.</p>","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"183-6"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37432464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Y Escobar Alvarez, P Khosravi Shahi, S Encinas García, Y Izarzugaza Perón
{"title":"[Effectivity of cetuximab monotherapy in the treatment of refractory advanced cancer of the head and neck].","authors":"Y Escobar Alvarez, P Khosravi Shahi, S Encinas García, Y Izarzugaza Perón","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400002","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>More than 90% of carcinoma of the head and neck (CHN) have an overexpression of the EGFR gene, and that overexpression is associated with a worse prognosis. Cetuximab is a monoclonal antibody against EGFR.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>We have conducted a retrospective study of 10 consecutive cases with metastatic and/or recurrent CHN treated with cetuximab monotherapy as second line therapy, with the main objective of analyzing the progression-free survival (PFS); we also analyzed the response rate, the overall survival (OS), and toxicity profile as second end points.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The median age was 55 years, and 100% of patients were males. Fourty percent of the patients received cetuximab as second line, and 60% as third line therapy. With a median follow-up of 13.5 months, the median PFS was 4 months (95%CI: 3.4-4.6 months), with a median OS of 9.7 months (95%CI: 2.9-16.6 months).The objective response rate was 10%, and the disease control rate was 60% (Partial response = 10% and stable disease for > 16 weeks = 50%). Thirty percent of patients had grade 3 rash.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>Cetuximab monotherapy has a modest effectivity in the treatment of refractory CHN, but with a limited toxicity. Future studies should use combinations of cetuximab with others effective chemotherapeutic drugs in the treatment of CHN, such as taxanes.</p>","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"159-62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37432457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L E Morano Amado, A Baz Lomba, I Solla Ruiz, J M Lite Alvarez
{"title":"[Aplastic anemia associated with hepatitis C virus infections].","authors":"L E Morano Amado, A Baz Lomba, I Solla Ruiz, J M Lite Alvarez","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"201-2"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37431869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F Marcos Sánchez, M I Albo Castaño, S Casallo Blanco, A Vizuete Calero, M Vivas Del Val, A Herrero Domingo
{"title":"[Sleep study in HIV patients].","authors":"F Marcos Sánchez, M I Albo Castaño, S Casallo Blanco, A Vizuete Calero, M Vivas Del Val, A Herrero Domingo","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"198-9"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37431866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S Bielsa, M J Panadés, R Egido, M Rue, A Salud, X Matías-Guiu, F Rodríguez-Panadero, J M Porcel
{"title":"[Accuracy of pleural fluid cytology in malignant effusions].","authors":"S Bielsa, M J Panadés, R Egido, M Rue, A Salud, X Matías-Guiu, F Rodríguez-Panadero, J M Porcel","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400005","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>To assess the usefulness of repeat cytological examination of pleural fluid (PF) for diagnosing malignancy as well as the influence of time length between analyses, effusion's size and pleural fluid biochemistries on the diagnostic yield of cytology.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Retrospective analysis of 1,427 patients with pleural effusion (PE), including 466 patients with malignant PE. In this latter group, the time length between cytological analysis, the size of the PE, and the biochemical characteristics of PF were recorded.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The first cytological analysis had a sensitivity of 48.5%. If this was negative, a second PF specimen was diagnostic in 28.6% of cases, whereas submission of a third PF specimen allowed 10.3% of additional diagnosis. The incidence of positive results depended on the primary tumor (e.g. 66.5% in adenocarcinomas, 30.8% in mesotheliomas), but neither on the time length between cytological analyses nor on the effusion's size. A multivariate analysis showed that a PF to serum glucose ratio </= 0.75 was associated with a higher diagnostic yield of cytology (74 vs. 47%, p < 0.001).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>At least a second PF specimen should be submitted immediately for cytologic analyis in all PE of unknown cause, when the first analysis is not contributory. To delay this second analysis does not increase diagnostic yield. The percentage of cases in which cytologic study of the PF established the diagnosis of malignant PE depends on the tumor type and on certain PF biochemical characteristics such as the PF to serum glucose ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"173-7"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37432461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"[Development on squamous-cell cancer of the head and neck].","authors":"J A García Sáenz, C Bueno Muiño","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400001","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"157-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37432516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A Pérez Ramírez, R Ros, E García-Valdecasas Campelo, J A López García, E González Reimers, F Santolaria Fernández
{"title":"[Flaccid tetraparesia and disconnection in an alcoholic patient affected by pneumonia].","authors":"A Pérez Ramírez, R Ros, E García-Valdecasas Campelo, J A López García, E González Reimers, F Santolaria Fernández","doi":"10.4321/s0212-71992008000400011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4321/s0212-71992008000400011","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50798,"journal":{"name":"Anales De Medicina Interna","volume":"25 4","pages":"197-8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2008-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"37431865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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