Anatomical Record最新文献

Anatolian ground squirrel (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) retina: Comparative expression of synaptophysin, NeuN, calbindin-D28k, parvalbumin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and Iba-1 during pre-hibernation and hibernation. Anatolian groundsquirrel （spermoophilus xanthoprymnus）视网膜：冬眠前和冬眠期间synaptophysin、NeuN、calbinin - d28k、parvalbumin、胶质纤维酸性蛋白和Iba-1的比较表达。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-16 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25682

Mehmet Özbek, Feyzullah Beyaz, Mustafa Öztop, Harun Karaca, Ahmet Cabir, Begüm Fatma Kiryar

{"title":"Anatolian ground squirrel (Spermophilus xanthoprymnus) retina: Comparative expression of synaptophysin, NeuN, calbindin-D28k, parvalbumin, glial fibrillary acidic protein, and Iba-1 during pre-hibernation and hibernation.","authors":"Mehmet Özbek, Feyzullah Beyaz, Mustafa Öztop, Harun Karaca, Ahmet Cabir, Begüm Fatma Kiryar","doi":"10.1002/ar.25682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25682","url":null,"abstract":"Hibernation induces significant molecular and cellular adaptations in the retina to maintain function under reduced metabolic conditions. This study aimed to investigate the expression of neuronal, synaptic, and glial markers in the retina of Spermophilus xanthoprymnus during pre-hibernation and hibernation periods using immunohistochemical staining. Synaptophysin expression, restricted to the inner plexiform layer (IPL) and outer plexiform layer (OPL) during pre-hibernation, significantly increased in both layers during hibernation, with additional expression observed in the outer nuclear layer. NeuN immunoreactivity remained unchanged in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) but increased notably in the INL during hibernation. Calbindin-D28k expression, prominent in the INL and plexiform layers during pre-hibernation, decreased markedly in hibernation. In contrast, parvalbumin expression increased across all retinal layers, except the photoreceptor layer, during hibernation. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) expression, observed in the NFL and GCL, was significantly reduced during hibernation. Iba-1 immunoreactivity, sparse in the IPL and OPL during pre-hibernation, showed a pronounced increase in the IPL, OPL, and INL during hibernation periods. In conclusion, the expression of synaptophysin, NeuN, calbindin-D28k, parvalbumin, GFAP, and Iba-1 was investigated for the first time in the retina of the Anatolian ground squirrel during pre-hibernation and hibernation. This study reveals region-specific shifts in retinal marker expression during pre-hibernation and hibernation, providing a basis for future research into visual system adaptations and retinal plasticity under metabolic suppression.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Intestinal responses in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) exposed to fasting and refeeding nutritional management. 暴露于禁食和再喂养营养管理下的帕库（Piaractus mesopotamicus）肠道反应。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25683

Karine Nathiele Nogueira Farias, André Luiz do Nascimento Silva, Marco Shizuo Owatari, Sabrina Fuzer Gonçalves, Robson Andrade Rodrigues, Cristiane Meldau de Campos, Lilian Franco-Belussi, Carlos Eurico Fernandes

{"title":"Intestinal responses in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus) exposed to fasting and refeeding nutritional management.","authors":"Karine Nathiele Nogueira Farias, André Luiz do Nascimento Silva, Marco Shizuo Owatari, Sabrina Fuzer Gonçalves, Robson Andrade Rodrigues, Cristiane Meldau de Campos, Lilian Franco-Belussi, Carlos Eurico Fernandes","doi":"10.1002/ar.25683","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25683","url":null,"abstract":"Fasting is a practice in the aquaculture industry that aims to reduce feed costs. This practice can affect the gastrointestinal system of fish. The intestine plays a pivotal role in the nutrition and overall health of fishes. The present study sought to evaluate the effects of fasting and refeeding on body weight, intestine somatic index (ISI), intestinal histometry (area, height, and thickness of the villi), and goblet cell volume (acidic and neutral mucins) of pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). To this end, the effects of 10, 20, and 30 days of fasting and 15 and 50 days of refeeding were evaluated. The results demonstrated that fasting resulted in notable alterations in all assessed parameters. The body weight and ISI of fasted pacu were significantly reduced compared to those of the control group. The levels of acidic and neutral mucins were elevated after 10 days of fasting, whereas the area and height of the villi decreased after 20 days of fasting. Following the 15-day refeeding period, pacu exhibited an increase in body weight and ISI. However, a 50-day refeeding period was required to observe an increase in villus height, which differed from that in the control group. After 50 days of refeeding, the fish exhibited intestinal conditions that were restored to the levels observed in the control specimens. Feed deprivation alters intestinal biometry and histomorphology. However, the effects of fasting were attenuated and even improved with subsequent refeeding. These results suggest that a fasting/refeeding management strategy is appropriate for pacu farming.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144081848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Development of the occipitopetrosal junctions: A histological study using human fetuses. 枕骨连接的发育：人类胎儿的组织学研究。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25687

Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Yohei Honkura, Chun-Ai Li, Samuel Verdugo-López, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Yukio Katori

{"title":"Development of the occipitopetrosal junctions: A histological study using human fetuses.","authors":"Ai Hirano-Kawamoto, Yohei Honkura, Chun-Ai Li, Samuel Verdugo-López, Gen Murakami, Jose Francisco Rodríguez-Vázquez, Yukio Katori","doi":"10.1002/ar.25687","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25687","url":null,"abstract":"The temporal bone petrosa is connected to the occipital bone at two sites: one junction with the basilar part (medial junction) and another with the lateral part (lateral junction). Using histological specimens from 45 human fetuses (approximately 7-39 weeks of gestational age or GA), we aimed to describe possible changes in histology and topographical anatomy during processes toward the ossified union. In the early term, the junctions were characterized by dense mesh-like fibers that likely corresponded to the thickened basal laminae of the composite cartilage cells. Notably, the mesh-like structure disappeared until 12 weeks of GA and, irrespective of whether a remnant fibrous tissue was present or absent, cartilage tissues became continuous between the occipital and petrosal sides. Until 25 weeks of GA, the inferolateral marginal part of the spheno-occipital junction cartilage extended to the medial junction and attached to the ossified petrosa. The medial junction sometimes contained an irregularly shaped cartilage mass or a woven bone with bone trabeculae, but it was usually attached directly to the bony petrosa without any interruption by calcified cells. In contrast, at the late-term lateral junction, a cartilage mass was sandwiched by bipolar ossification centers on the temporal and occipital bone sides. As the endochondral ossification advances, bones at and around the lateral junction seemed to grow and cover the expanding mastoid air cells. However, the fetal medial junction might grow, in accordance with midline growth at the spheno-occipital junction cartilage. Alternatively, the bony union of these two junctions might establish postnatally.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144052376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Anatomical distribution and flight control function of wing sensory hairs in Seba's short-tailed bat. 短尾蝙蝠翼感毛的解剖分布及飞行控制功能。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25679

Brooke L Quinn, Jade L Bajic, Santiago J Romo, Ariel Wu, Alberto Bortoni, Kenneth Breuer, Sharon M Swartz

{"title":"Anatomical distribution and flight control function of wing sensory hairs in Seba's short-tailed bat.","authors":"Brooke L Quinn, Jade L Bajic, Santiago J Romo, Ariel Wu, Alberto Bortoni, Kenneth Breuer, Sharon M Swartz","doi":"10.1002/ar.25679","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25679","url":null,"abstract":"Bats use sensory systems such as echolocation and vision to track prey, avoid obstacles, and inform their trajectories. In addition, though less studied, bats also have extensive networks of sensory hairs across their wings. Preliminary evidence has shown that these hairs are involved in flow sensing and relay sensory information during flight. However, little is known about the functional role of sensory hairs in flight control or potential intraspecific variation in hair distribution. Through a morphological study of specimens of Seba's short-tailed bat (Carollia perspicillata), we find relatively low intraspecific variability in sensory hair distribution and consistent regional density patterns. We compare flight kinematics from the same species in wind tunnel experiments before and after removal of sensory hairs from the ventral wings. Depilation of sensory hairs resulted in changes to kinematic variables at the whole- and within-wingbeat levels, such as wingbeat frequency, chordwise wing folding, and wing extension. Taken together, these findings indicate that sensory hairs relay sensory information and function to alter fine-scale wing shape and positioning, thereby impacting flight kinematics and dynamics.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144054823","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Noradrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the normal human heart and changes associated with cardiomyopathy. 正常人心脏的去肾上腺素能和胆碱能神经支配及其与心肌病相关的变化。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-14 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25686

Peter Hanna, Donald B Hoover, Logan G Kirkland, Elizabeth H Smith, Megan D Poston, Stanley G Peirce, Chloe G Garbe, Steven Cha, Shumpei Mori, Jaclyn A Brennan, John Andrew Armour, Eric Rytkin, Igor R Efimov, Olujimi A Ajijola, Jeffrey L Ardell, Kalyanam Shivkumar

{"title":"Noradrenergic and cholinergic innervation of the normal human heart and changes associated with cardiomyopathy.","authors":"Peter Hanna, Donald B Hoover, Logan G Kirkland, Elizabeth H Smith, Megan D Poston, Stanley G Peirce, Chloe G Garbe, Steven Cha, Shumpei Mori, Jaclyn A Brennan, John Andrew Armour, Eric Rytkin, Igor R Efimov, Olujimi A Ajijola, Jeffrey L Ardell, Kalyanam Shivkumar","doi":"10.1002/ar.25686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25686","url":null,"abstract":"Autonomic nerves are crucial in cardiac function and pathology. However, data on the distribution of cholinergic and noradrenergic nerves in normal and pathologic human hearts is lacking. Nonfailing donor hearts were pressure-perfusion fixed, imaged, and dissected. Left ventricular cardiomyopathy samples were also obtained. Fixed frozen sections were immunostained for nerves, and adjacent tissue underwent clearing for 3D visualization. Cholinergic and noradrenergic nerves were evenly abundant in both atria, except the sinoatrial node, where vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT) nerves were dominant. Noradrenergic consistently outnumbered cholinergic nerves in right (RV) and left ventricular (LV) regions. Noradrenergic innervation of LV regions varied between donors. Cholinergic innervation was higher in RV compared to LV samples, which generally had reduced VAChT nerves. Marked neural remodeling occurred in three cardiomyopathy cases. Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) nerve density was increased in the right atrial appendage, and all nerves showed a trend to decrease in the left atrial appendage. Cholinergic innervation was reduced in the LV, and TH innervation was heterogeneous. Noradrenergic nerves were present in granulation tissue but absent in regions of dense scar. Some border zone regions had reduced TH innervation but no hyperinnervation. Dual innervation of most atrial regions supports balanced regulation of atrial function. Higher cholinergic input to the sinoatrial node favors vagal dominance in heart rate regulation. Innervation patterns support a significant role of noradrenergic input to the ventricle, especially on the left. Both atrial and ventricular nerves remodel in cardiomyopathy, providing a foundation for asymmetric neural input and dysregulation of cardiac electromechanical function.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144025469","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Histological examination of neuroanatomical and ocular structures in the Gambian Sun squirrel (Heliosciurus gambianus Ogilby, 1835) for understanding arboreal adaptations. 冈比亚太阳松鼠（Heliosciurus gambianus Ogilby, 1835）神经解剖学和眼部结构的组织学检查，以了解树栖适应性。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-12 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25684

Olanrewaju I Fatola, Kolade C Aribisala, Taidinda T Gilbert, Munachimso K Njasi, Jude I Abeje, Oluwasanmi O Aina, James O Olopade

{"title":"Histological examination of neuroanatomical and ocular structures in the Gambian Sun squirrel (Heliosciurus gambianus Ogilby, 1835) for understanding arboreal adaptations.","authors":"Olanrewaju I Fatola, Kolade C Aribisala, Taidinda T Gilbert, Munachimso K Njasi, Jude I Abeje, Oluwasanmi O Aina, James O Olopade","doi":"10.1002/ar.25684","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25684","url":null,"abstract":"Arboreal environments require specialized adaptations in sensory and neuroendocrine systems for species survival. This study examines the neuroanatomical and histological adaptations of the Gambian Sun squirrel (Heliosciurus gambianus), focusing on structures critical for visual processing, sensorimotor integration, and neuroendocrine regulation in arboreal habitats. Paraffin-embedded eye and brain samples from three male Gambian Sun squirrels captured at the University of Ibadan, Nigeria, were analyzed using standard hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining techniques. The cornea displayed a unique undulating cellular arrangement, which may likely enhance visual acuity and protection in densely forested environments. Neuroanatomical examination revealed distinctive features in the median eminence, pineal gland, subcommissural organ, dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus, rostral colliculus, and optic nerve, which support sensorimotor coordination and neuroendocrine functions. These specialized traits enable environmental navigation and survival, emphasizing their role in arboreal adaptation. The findings provide a foundation for comparative studies with other rodents and contribute to understanding evolutionary strategies in tree-dwelling mammals. Additionally, this research offers potential applications in conservation efforts and neurobiological studies, including insights into human neurological functions.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037856","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Inter-microscope comparability of dental microwear texture data obtained from different optical profilometers: Part I Reproducibility of diet inference using different instruments. 不同光学轮廓仪获得的牙齿微磨损纹理数据的显微镜间可比性：第一部分：使用不同仪器进行饮食推断的可重复性。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-10 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25685

Daniela E Winkler, Mugino O Kubo

{"title":"Inter-microscope comparability of dental microwear texture data obtained from different optical profilometers: Part I Reproducibility of diet inference using different instruments.","authors":"Daniela E Winkler, Mugino O Kubo","doi":"10.1002/ar.25685","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25685","url":null,"abstract":"Dental microwear texture analysis (DMTA) has become a well-established method for dietary inference and reconstruction in both extant and extinct mammals and other tetrapods. As the volume of available data continues to grow, researchers could benefit from combining published data from various studies to perform meta-analyses. However, the different optical profilometers used to capture three-dimensional surface scans for DMTA are known to produce variation even when measuring the same surface. In this study, we compare DMTA data of 36 guinea pigs that received different diets in a controlled feeding experiment, measured using five different instruments: three confocal-scanning microscopes and two confocal laser-scanning microscopes. Each dataset is filtered according to in-house standards of the respective laboratories. Our findings reveal inter-microscope differences in the majority of the 40 DMTA parameters analyzed. Height and volume parameters were the most consistent across instruments, whereas density and complexity parameters exhibited pronounced differences. We thus propose DMTA parameters that were stable regardless of microscope. Despite these inter-microscope variations, the overall results from all instruments consistently show the same dietary differentiation among the guinea pig feeding groups, supporting the suitability of DMTA for reproducible and objective dietary inferences. To enhance data exchange, inter-lab comparability, and collaboration in the future, we propose a roadmap that includes the introduction of device-specific correction equations.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048540","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Silesaurid (Archosauria: Dinosauriformes) remains from the base of the Dockum Group (Late Triassic: Otischalkian) of Texas provide new insights to the North American record of dinosauriforms. 来自德克萨斯州Dockum群（晚三叠世：Otischalkian）底部的Silesaurid（始祖龙目：恐龙形）遗骸为北美恐龙形的记录提供了新的见解。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-07 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25677

Frederick B Tolchard, Brynden W Perkins, Sterling J Nesbitt

{"title":"Silesaurid (Archosauria: Dinosauriformes) remains from the base of the Dockum Group (Late Triassic: Otischalkian) of Texas provide new insights to the North American record of dinosauriforms.","authors":"Frederick B Tolchard, Brynden W Perkins, Sterling J Nesbitt","doi":"10.1002/ar.25677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25677","url":null,"abstract":"Silesaurids (Archosauria: Dinosauriformes) are found in Middle to Upper Triassic deposits across Pangea, but few stratigraphic sections record the evolution of the group in one geographic area over millions of years. Here, we describe silesaurid remains from the oldest of the Upper Triassic stratigraphic sequence from the base of the Dockum Group, from the type locality of the Otischalkian faunachronozone. Isolated limb bones diagnostic of silesaurids include humeri, femora, and tibiae of a seemingly unique Silesaurus-like taxon from the same locality (Otis Chalk Quarry 3). The femora consist of four specimens of different lengths that sample the variation of character states associated with ontogeny, also sampled previously in both silesaurids (e.g., Asilisaurus kongwe and Silesaurus opolensis) and within neotheropods within Dinosauria (e.g., Coelophysis bauri). Our observations of the variation in the silesaurid sample further reinforce the interpretation of high variation of morphological features common in dinosauriforms. Furthermore, we show that overpreparation of bone surfaces has hidden some of this variation in previous interpretations. The tibia growth series shows that the fibular crest of the tibia develops during ontogeny, yet another phylogenetically informative character for dinosaurs and their kin that is at least ontogenetically variable in silesaurids. The presence of silesaurids at the base of the Dockum Group (late Carnian or early Norian) conclusively shows that the group was present near the onset of deposition of Upper Triassic rocks and survived for millions of years in the same geographic area at low latitudes throughout the Late Triassic.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144042781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The first detailed skull anatomy of the Muñoa's Pampas cat Leopardus munoai (Carnivora: Felidae) from Southern Brazil. 来自巴西南部的Muñoa潘帕斯猫科动物Leopardus munoai（食肉目：猫科动物科）的第一个详细的头骨解剖。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-05 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25680

Maria Eduarda Sciortino Chaves, Pedro Henrique Morais Fonseca, Flávia Pereira Tirelli, Ana Cristina Pacheco de Araújo, Bianca Martins Mastrantonio

{"title":"The first detailed skull anatomy of the Muñoa's Pampas cat Leopardus munoai (Carnivora: Felidae) from Southern Brazil.","authors":"Maria Eduarda Sciortino Chaves, Pedro Henrique Morais Fonseca, Flávia Pereira Tirelli, Ana Cristina Pacheco de Araújo, Bianca Martins Mastrantonio","doi":"10.1002/ar.25680","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25680","url":null,"abstract":"The Muñoa's Pampas cat (Leopardus munoai) is a small wild cat endemic to the Uruguayan Savana ecoregion, occurring in southernmost Brazil, Uruguay, and northeastern Argentina. However, knowledge regarding the basic characteristics of this threatened species, including its cranial anatomy, is limited. This study presents the first detailed osteological description of the L. munoai skull and compares it, based on literature, with other species, particularly within the genus Leopardus. Additionally, we examined some internal cranial structures via computed tomography. Fourteen L. munoai specimens from Brazilian collections were analyzed. Key features observed include a minimally developed sagittal crest, the presence of the second upper premolar (P2) in most specimens, rostral zygomatic arches with slight lateral expansions, reduced mastoid processes, and an inverted \"V\"-shaped medial notch on the caudal margin of the palatine suture. Internally, trapezoidal frontal sinuses located at the postorbital process level were noted without extension into this region. A cavity was also identified at the rostral skull end bordered by the nasal and tubular structures extending laterally through the parietals. This study provides novel data on L. munoai, offering a detailed description of the external and internal structures and adding morphometric measurements for pampas cats from Rio Grande do Sul. Furthermore, it supports future osteological, morphometric, and taxonomic studies within Felidae.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144048549","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Neurons expressing calretinin in the developing feline dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus. 发育中的猫膝状核背外侧表达calretinin的神经元。

4区医学

Anatomical Record Pub Date : 2025-05-03 DOI: 10.1002/ar.25670

Natalia Merkulyeva, Kostareva Anna, Mikhalkin Аleksandr

{"title":"Neurons expressing calretinin in the developing feline dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus.","authors":"Natalia Merkulyeva, Kostareva Anna, Mikhalkin Аleksandr","doi":"10.1002/ar.25670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ar.25670","url":null,"abstract":"The dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (LGNd) is a visual thalamic structure primarily responsible for transferring visual information from the retina to the visual cortex. It consists of several layers: A, A1, C magnocellular (Cm), and C parvocellular (Cp) in carnivores; and magnocellular, parvocellular, and koniocellular in primates. Two main populations of geniculate neurons include relay neurons (which consist of magnocellular, parvocellular, and koniocellular types in primates and their corresponding Y, X, and W types in carnivores) and interneurons. In primates, the Ca2+-binding protein calretinin (CR) labels the koniocellular neuron population. However, a similar marker for the corresponding W neurons in carnivores has not yet been looked at. To investigate whether CR could also serve as a marker for W neurons, we examined CR-immunoreactivity (ir) in the LGNd of cats aged 0-70 weeks. The main findings are as follows: (i) The density of CR-ir neurons is higher in A-layers; whereas C-layers are characterized by a higher density of immunoreactive fibers. (ii) In cats aged 0-4 weeks, the largest CR-ir cells are located in the Cp layers; these cells primarily have multipolar soma sized 90-285 μm2. In cats older than 5 weeks, the large CR-ir cells disappear. (iii) To investigate the inhibitory nature of CR-ir neurons, GAD67 labeling was applied. A partial overlap of the two markers was observed, with the fewest double-labeled cells found in the Cp layers. Based on the second finding, we hypothesize that the large CR-ir neurons may represent a transient population of W relay cells in cats.","PeriodicalId":50793,"journal":{"name":"Anatomical Record","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2025-05-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144037974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0