Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology最新文献

{"title":"Mind over Mast Cell","authors":"Erin L. Reigh MD, MS","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2024.12.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2024.12.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 533-534"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913164","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Worldwide prevalence of atopic dermatitis in children between 2000 and 2021: A systematic analysis","authors":"Ling Jin MD,&nbsp;Junwen Ge MD,&nbsp;Ying Cheng MD,&nbsp;Dan Deng MD, PhD,&nbsp;Pengjie Wan MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2024.12.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2024.12.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a prevalent allergic disease that significantly impacts pediatric health.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To comprehensively describe the global, regional, and national AD prevalence trends among children aged 0 to 14 years between 2000 and 2021.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021 were used to analyze AD prevalence and case numbers. The annual average percentage change was calculated to assess prevalence trends.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>In 2021, global pediatric AD cases reached 72.4 million (95% uncertainty interval: 68.5-76.5), a 6.2% increase from 2000. Despite the rise in cases, the prevalence rate decreased on average by 0.15% (95% CI: 0.14%-0.16%). Regional prevalence varied widely, with the highest rates in Central Asia, high-income Asia Pacific, and Western Europe and the lowest in Sub-Saharan Africa. Nationally, the AD prevalence rates ranged from 1.50% in Rwanda to 10.67% in Mongolia. Between 2000 and 2021, 108 countries or territories showed a significant increase in AD prevalence, with the most notable rises in Russia, Ghana, and Latvia. In contrast, 48 countries, including the United States, Syria, and Japan, experienced a marked decrease in AD prevalence. Age and sex (male and female) patterns showed the highest prevalence in children aged 5 to 9 years, with girls having higher rates than boys across all age groups.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This study reveals complex global patterns in pediatric AD prevalence, underscoring the necessity of regionally tailored public health strategies and further research into the diverse causes of AD to enhance prevention and management efforts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 603-609.e6"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142824582","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Exacerbation burden in patients treated as intermittent or mild-persistent asthma using short-acting β2-agonist rescue","authors":"Njira L. Lugogo MD ,&nbsp;Ileen A. Gilbert MD ,&nbsp;Hitesh N. Gandhi MBBS, MHA, MAS ,&nbsp;Joseph P. Tkacz MS ,&nbsp;Miguel J. Lanz MD","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.02.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.02.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Most people in the United States with asthma use therapies for intermittent/mild-persistent disease; however, exacerbations and death occur in patients with infrequent symptoms or labeled as mild asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To evaluate relationships between short-acting β₂-agonist (SABA) use, exacerbations, and maintenance adherence in intermittent/mild-persistent asthma.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Retrospective cohort study using US Merative MarketScan administrative claims (January 2010 to December 2017) for patients aged 12 years or older treated as intermittent/mild-persistent asthma. Patients were indexed on a random SABA claim, with 12 months continuous enrollment pre- and post-index. Post-index SABA groups were defined as low (index fill only), medium (2-3 fills), and high (≥4 fills). Severe exacerbations were compared within the treatment, SABA fill, and adherence (medication possession ratio) groups through unadjusted comparison of proportions, χ², and odds ratios (OR [95% CI]); <em>P</em> less than or equal to .05.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 533,679 patients were included: 68.1% female; mean age (SD) 34.6 (18.3) years; 70.0% intermittent (SABA only) and 30.0% mild-persistent (8.6% low-dose inhaled corticosteroid [ICS]; 21.4% leukotriene modifier [LM]). The proportion of patients with high SABA fills differed among the treatments: SABA only (14.8%), low-dose ICS (37.0%), and LM (25.5%) (<em>P</em> &lt; .001). The proportion experiencing 1 or more exacerbations was higher in SABA only (61.2%) vs low-dose ICS (40.4%) or LM (50.4%): OR (95% CI) 2.32 (2.28-2.37) and 1.55 (1.53-1.57), respectively (both <em>P</em> &lt; .001). The medication possession ratio was less than 50% in 59.3% of patients with mild-persistent asthma; however, adherence was only related to exacerbations in the high SABA group.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Patients treated as intermittent/mild-persistent asthma rely on SABA and experience exacerbations. Shifting from SABA only to an anti-inflammatory rescue therapy could decrease morbidity.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 539-547.e1"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143517097","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated phase I pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of epinephrine administered through sublingual film, autoinjector, or manual injection","authors":"Carl N. Kraus MD ,&nbsp;Steve Wargacki PhD ,&nbsp;David Golden MD ,&nbsp;Jay Lieberman MD ,&nbsp;Matthew Greenhawt MD, MBA, MSc ,&nbsp;Carlos A. Camargo Jr MD, DrPH","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Epinephrine is the first-line treatment for anaphylaxis and is administered through intramuscular or subcutaneous injection. AQST-109, a sublingual film containing the prodrug epinephrine, was developed as an alternative delivery method for treating severe allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To compare the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of epinephrine after the administration of AQST-109 with those of epinephrine delivered by manual intramuscular injection and epinephrine autoinjectors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Data were integrated from 2 randomized, open-label, phase I crossover trials that evaluated the PK and PD of epinephrine in 54 healthy volunteers. They had no previous medical conditions and were delivered either AQST-109 12 mg or 0.3 mg EpiPen, 0.3 mg generic EpiPen, 0.3 mg Auvi-Q, and 0.3 mg manual intramuscular injection.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>AQST-109 yielded comparable epinephrine PK and exposure to both manual intramuscular injections and epinephrine autoinjectors. The median time to maximum concentration (Tmax) for AQST-109 was 15 minutes, compared with EpiPen (10 minutes), generic EpiPen (15 minutes), Auvi-Q (30 minutes), and manual intramuscular injection (50 minutes). There was also an early, rapid, and consistent increase in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and heart rate after the administration of AQST-109.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>AQST-109 delivered epinephrine with PK and PD results within the bracketed range of approved intramuscular products. AQST-109 has promise as an innovative, needle-free, nondevice, portable, and orally delivered alternative for first-line treatment of type I allergic reactions, including anaphylaxis.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 580-586"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015750","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomic profiles in allergic rhinitis","authors":"Qin-Dong Liu MD ,&nbsp;Guang-Xia Pan MD ,&nbsp;Ya-Jie Yan MD ,&nbsp;Jing-Wei Li MD ,&nbsp;Jia-Jun Zhang MD ,&nbsp;Hao-Lan Liu MD ,&nbsp;Chun-Qiao Li MM ,&nbsp;Yu Meng MD ,&nbsp;Yuan-Xian Liu MM ,&nbsp;Yan Ruan MD","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2024.12.022","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2024.12.022","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a prevalent chronic inflammatory condition that significantly affects patient quality of life and poses a substantial public health burden. Recent advancements in metabolomics have facilitated a deeper understanding of the metabolic pathways involved in AR, offering potential for new biomarkers and therapeutic targets.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of clinical studies summarizing the metabolomic profiles of AR to gain deeper insights into the metabolic changes and pathologic processes underlying AR.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A comprehensive literature search was conducted across PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases up to October 2024. A qualitative review of the screened studies was performed, followed by meta-analyses of metabolites reported in at least 2 studies. High-impact targets, pathways, and their associations were identified using bioinformatic analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>A total of 21 studies, encompassing 84 metabolites associated with AR, met the inclusion criteria. There were 7 metabolites that consistently exhibited up-regulation in AR across multiple studies and were included in the meta-analysis. Pathway enrichment analyses revealed significant involvement of pathways such as “valine, leucine, and isoleucine biosynthesis” and “linoleic acid metabolism” in AR pathogenesis. The metabolite-pathway-gene network analysis highlighted key functional connections between metabolites, pathways, and immune response genes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>This comprehensive analysis indicates that differential metabolites may play pivotal roles in AR pathogenesis, offering potential biomarkers and therapeutic targets. Further studies are necessary to validate these findings and elucidate the complex metabolic pathways involved in AR.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 594-602.e2"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015754","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Small airway dysfunction mediates the relationship between Fractional Exhaled Nitric Oxide and asthma control","authors":"Marcello Cottini MD ,&nbsp;Laura Ventura PhD ,&nbsp;Carlo Lombardi MD ,&nbsp;Massimo Landi MD ,&nbsp;Gianluca Imeri MD ,&nbsp;Fabiano Di Marco MD ,&nbsp;Pasquale Comberiati MD ,&nbsp;Alvise Berti MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.01.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.01.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Most physiological production of Fractional exhaled Nitric Oxide (FeNO) occurs in the small airways, but studies on the relationship between FeNO and small airway dysfunction (SAD) in asthma are scant.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>To investigate the relationship between asthma control, changes of FeNO in relation to airway bronchodilation (BD), and SAD.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Baseline conventional spirometry, impulse oscillometry, and FeNO pre- and post-BD (salbutamol 400 μg) were tested on consecutive community-treated adult patients with asthma. Results were stratified by FeNO response (change in FeNO [ΔFeNO]), being FeNO “responder” if the increase is greater than 10% post-BD compared with the basal values and “nonresponder” if less than or equal to 10%.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>When measured, post-BD FeNO greater than 25 parts per billion was found in an additional 31.5% of patients. Of the 92 patients included, 61% were classified as FeNO “responders” and 39% as “nonresponders.” A significant moderate-to-strong correlation was observed between ΔFeNO and R5R20, a functional marker of SAD (R = 0.52, <em>P</em> &lt; .0001), whereas the correlations between spirometry markers and ΔFeNO were not significant (<em>P</em> &gt; .05). Both R5R20 and ΔFeNO inversely correlated with asthma control (<em>P</em> &lt; .0001). Using causal mediation analysis modeling, the effect of asthma control on ΔFeNO was mediated by SAD, with a strong indirect effect of asthma control on ΔFeNO mediated by SAD (β value: −7.04, 95% CI: −11.80 to −3.53, <em>P</em> &lt; .0001), without a significant direct effect (β value: −4.96, 95% CI: −9.15 to 0.11, <em>P</em> = .056).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Changes in FeNO values pre-/post-BD can improve the identification of patients with “T_H2 high” asthma. The relationship between ΔFeNO and asthma control is mainly mediated by SAD, highlighting its contribution to asthma control.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 548-555.e4"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015760","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Mental health for the allergist","authors":"Timothy M. Buckey MD, MBE ,&nbsp;Jonathan M. Spergel MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.03.004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.03.004","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 497-498"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Metabolomics","authors":"Sophia Linton BSc ,&nbsp;Anne K. Ellis MD, MSc","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.02.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.02.002","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 502-503"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"From the pages of AllergyWatch","authors":"Stanley M. Fineman MD ,&nbsp;Shyam R. Joshi MD ,&nbsp;Sarah Spriet DO ,&nbsp;Vivian Hernandez-Trujillo MD","doi":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.02.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.anai.2025.02.008","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Pages 619-620"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Information for Readers","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S1081-1206(25)00170-X","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S1081-1206(25)00170-X","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50773,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Allergy Asthma & Immunology","volume":"134 5","pages":"Page A5"},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143913157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}