Dipasha K Rao, Bhagyalakshmi Avinash, T M Amulya, B S Prakash, N Raghunath, Vidya G Doddawad
{"title":"Investigating the dynamic relationship of sleep-disordered breathing, orthodontic treatment needs, and dental esthetics in the general population.","authors":"Dipasha K Rao, Bhagyalakshmi Avinash, T M Amulya, B S Prakash, N Raghunath, Vidya G Doddawad","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_53_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_53_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is characterized by upper airway dysfunction and is linked to severe health issues. Individuals with SDB have distinct craniofacial morphology for which orthodontists are most suitable for the management due to their dental expertise.</p><p><strong>Aim: </strong>This study aims to discern key differences in dental parameters between individuals with and without SDB.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The present study is a cross-sectional observational study conducted for 12 months. Out of 70 participants, 35 were placed in the SDB group as per the Berlin questionnaire (BQ) and 35 in the control aged 18-22 years. Criteria excluded individuals with preexisting illnesses, missing teeth, tonsillectomy, orthodontic or jaw surgeries, cleft lip/palate, or craniofacial anomalies. Dental assessments included interdental width, palatal vault depth and shape, molar relation, overjet, and overbite. In addition, self-perceived orthodontic treatment needs were evaluated as a secondary measure.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In the SDB group, interdental distances were significantly reduced in the canine, first premolars, second premolars, and molar regions by 2, 3, 4, and 1.8 mm, respectively. A noticeable V-shaped arch was observed. Overjet and overbite increased by 42.85% and 31.42%, respectively, with Class 1 malocclusion more prevalent than Class 2. The Berlin questionnaire identified 54.3% as high-risk SDB. The Index of Orthodontic Treatment Need-Esthetic Component (IOTN-AC) revealed that 68.6% of snoring participants required orthodontic treatment.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>Individuals with SDB exhibit a constricted maxilla and reduced interdental measurements, indicating a moderate risk. The Berlin questionnaire proves valuable in assessing SDB severity. Moreover, individuals displaying signs of SDB often present a high prevalence of orthodontic treatment needs, as indicated by the IOTN-AC.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"284-289"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559696/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632183","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Is chest tube omission safe for patients with primary spontaneous pneumothorax scheduled for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery?","authors":"Chang Wan Kim, Il Hwan Park, Chun Sung Byun","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_45_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_45_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Aims: </strong>Primary spontaneous pneumothorax (PSP) is a sudden pleural disease predominantly affecting healthy adolescents and young adults, making it a prevalent thoracic disorder within this demographic. This study evaluated the necessity of preoperative chest tube insertion for PSP patients and reassessed current clinical practices.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical records for individuals aged 14-30 years diagnosed with PSP who underwent video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) at Wonju Severance Christian Hospital from January 2016 to December 2022. Patients were categorized retrospectively into two groups based on their initial treatment: Those who had a chest tube inserted and those who did not. We collected and compared clinical data, including demographics, treatment specifics, and outcomes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The study included 128 PSP cases. There was no difference in preoperative clinical data between the two groups, and there were no differences in operation time, number of wedge resections, and number of mechanical pleurodesis. However, the use of single-port surgery was significantly higher in the nonchest tube group (<i>P</i> = 0.001). The nonchest tube group had a significantly shorter hospital stay (<i>P</i> < 0.001), attributed to the absence of preoperative chest tube insertions. There were no significant differences in postoperative complications or recurrence rates between the groups.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In young PSP patients, proceeding directly to VATS without prior chest tube insertion in stable individuals does not lead to serious complications or negatively affect outcomes. This approach may offer an effective alternative for PSP management.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"245-250"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559698/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Clemence Yguel, Jean Michel Vignaud, Angelica Tiotiu
{"title":"Pneumothorax revealing late recurrence of infantile myofibromatosis.","authors":"Clemence Yguel, Jean Michel Vignaud, Angelica Tiotiu","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_286_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_286_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Adult recurrence of infantile myofibromatosis is exceptional. Here, we report the case of a 23-year-old woman with a late recurrence of infantile myofibromatosis revealed by spontaneous pneumothorax. The chest computed tomography scan found both cavitary and nodular bilateral pulmonary lesions. In infancy, she had multicentric myofibromatosis with digestive, cutaneous, and bone involvement, spontaneously regressive before the age of 15 months. Histological analysis of lung samples showed identical findings as from the cutaneous biopsy performed in infancy, confirming the recurrence of infantile myofibromatosis as pulmonary metastasis. New biopsy and long-term follow-up are highly recommended in the management of such cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"290-292"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559695/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142636190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"To assess the differences between thymoma patients with/without myasthenia all of their characteristics must be considered.","authors":"Josef Finsterer","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_92_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_92_24","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"293-294"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559697/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632189","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Sleep disorders among elderly in Saudi Arabia: A cross-sectional study.","authors":"Faris Alhejaili, Omar Kanbr, Nisreen Jastaniah, Raghad Ismail, Tala Qalai, Raseil Alotaibi, Toleen Makhtoum, Rawan Aljuhani, Hadeel Aljondi, Albandry Binjahlan, Shaimaa Hawsawi, Weam Qutub, Ranya Alshumrani, Siraj Wali","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_57_24","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_57_24","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Aging has been shown to have an impact on sleep patterns, necessitating a deep dive into understanding the complex relationship between aging and sleep disorders. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disorders among elderly people and identify the associations between different factors and sleep disorders in this age group.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>This study was conducted at nursing homes in Jeddah. The target populations were those aged 65 years and older (geriatric group) and those aged younger than 65 years (nongeriatric group). Validated questionnaires, including the Athens Insomnia Scale, Berlin Questionnaire, Epworth Sleepiness Scale, International restless legs syndrome (RLS) Study Group, and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, were used to assess different sleep disorders.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 313 participants were recruited in the geriatric (<i>n</i> = 153) and nongeriatric (<i>n</i> = 160) groups. Compared with the nongeriatric group, the geriatric group had greater risks of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) (70.6%) and RLS (40.5%) (<i>P</i> < 0.001). Both groups had a notable prevalence of poor sleep quality (86.6%). Although insomnia was found to be common, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of insomnia between the two groups. In addition, insomnia (odds ratio [OR] = 3.04, confidence interval [CI]: 1.06-8.86, <i>P</i> = 0.037), OSA (OR = 3.17, CI: 1.06-9.41, <i>P</i> = 0.038), and high body mass index (OR = 1.76, CI: 1.63-2.9, <i>P</i> = 0.003) were significantly associated with poor sleep quality.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>This study revealed that sleep disorders, particularly OSA and RLS, are common in the elderly population in Saudi Arabia.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 4","pages":"251-257"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2024-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11559702/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142632187","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Artificial intelligence in respiratory care: Current scenario and future perspective.","authors":"Saad Al-Anazi, Awad Al-Omari, Safug Alanazi, Aqeelah Marar, Mohammed Asad, Fadi Alawaji, Salman Alwateid","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_192_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_192_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>This narrative review aims to explore the current state and future perspective of artificial intelligence (AI) in respiratory care. The objective is to provide insights into the potential impact of AI in this field.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>A comprehensive analysis of relevant literature and research studies was conducted to examine the applications of AI in respiratory care and identify areas of advancement. The analysis included studies on remote monitoring, early detection, smart ventilation systems, and collaborative decision-making.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The obtained results highlight the transformative potential of AI in respiratory care. AI algorithms have shown promising capabilities in enabling tailored treatment plans based on patient-specific data. Remote monitoring using AI-powered devices allows for real-time feedback to health-care providers, enhancing patient care. AI algorithms have also demonstrated the ability to detect respiratory conditions at an early stage, leading to timely interventions and improved outcomes. Moreover, AI can optimize mechanical ventilation through continuous monitoring, enhancing patient comfort and reducing complications. Collaborative AI systems have the potential to augment the expertise of health-care professionals, leading to more accurate diagnoses and effective treatment strategies.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>By improving diagnosis, AI has the potential to revolutionize respiratory care, treatment planning, and patient monitoring. While challenges and ethical considerations remain, the transformative impact of AI in this domain cannot be overstated. By leveraging the advancements and insights from this narrative review, health-care professionals and researchers can continue to harness the power of AI to improve patient outcomes and enhance respiratory care practices.</p><p><strong>Improvements: </strong>Based on the findings, future research should focus on refining AI algorithms to enhance their accuracy, reliability, and interpretability. In addition, attention should be given to addressing ethical considerations, ensuring data privacy, and establishing regulatory frameworks to govern the responsible implementation of AI in respiratory care.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 2","pages":"117-130"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11100474/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141066285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Prince Ntiamoah, Michelle Biehl, Victoria Ruesch, Atul C Mehta, Samar Farha
{"title":"Corticosteroid treatment for persistent pulmonary infiltrates following COVID-19 infection: Clearing the fog?","authors":"Prince Ntiamoah, Michelle Biehl, Victoria Ruesch, Atul C Mehta, Samar Farha","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_121_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_121_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Systemic corticosteroids have been shown to improve outcomes in severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia; however, their role in post-COVID-19 persistent lung abnormalities is not well defined. Here, we describe our experience with corticosteroids in patients with persistent lung infiltrates following COVID-19 infection.</p><p><strong>Research question: </strong>What is the efficacy of systemic corticosteroids in improving lung function and radiological abnormalities in patients following COVID-19 pneumonia?</p><p><strong>Study design and methods: </strong>This is a single-center retrospective study evaluating patients with persistent respiratory symptoms and abnormal chest computed tomography findings. Patients were divided into two groups based on treatment with corticosteroids: \"steroid group\" and \"nonsteroid group.\" Clinical data were collected from the electronic medical records.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Between March 2020 and December 2021, 227 patients were seen in the post-COVID-19 pulmonary clinic, of which 75 were included in this study. The mean age was 56 years, 63% were female, and 75% were white. The main physiologic deficit was reduced Diffusing capacity of the Lungs for Carbon Monoxide (DLCO) at 72% (±22). On chest imaging, the most common findings were ground-glass opacities (91%) and consolidation (29%). Thirty patients received corticosteroid (steroid group) and 45 did not (nonsteroid group). Patients treated with corticosteroids had lower DLCO (DLCO [%]: steroid group 63 ± 17, nonsteroid group 78 ± 23; <i>P</i> = 0.005) and all had ground-glass opacities on imaging compared to 84% in the nonsteroid group (<i>P</i> = 0.04). At follow-up, patients in the steroid group (<i>n</i> = 16) had a significant improvement in spirometry and DLCO. In addition, there was a significant improvement with resolution of ground-glass opacities in both the groups (<i>P</i> < 0.05).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The use of systemic corticosteroids in patients with persistent respiratory symptoms and radiological abnormalities post-COVID-19 was associated with significant improvement in pulmonary function testing and imaging. Prospective studies are needed to confirm whether these findings are the effect of corticosteroid therapy or disease evolution over time.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"74-80"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10911237/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040747","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muntecep Askar, Medeni Karaduman, Rabia Coldur, Selvi Askar
{"title":"Relationship of right ventricular functions with in-hospital and 1 year later mortality in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia.","authors":"Muntecep Askar, Medeni Karaduman, Rabia Coldur, Selvi Askar","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_172_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_172_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>The aim of this study was to determine the association of right ventricular function with in-hospital mortality and mortality 1 year after discharge in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 pneumonia.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The study was conducted in Van Yuzuncu Yil University Faculty of Medicine hospital between February 10, 2021 and August 10, 2022. A total of 156 patients hospitalized in intensive care and wards due to COVID-19 pneumonia were included in this study. Echocardiography was performed in all patients.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Among the demographic findings of the patients included in the study, male gender, patients hospitalized in the intensive care unit (ICU), patients receiving O<sub>2</sub> support, and smokers were found to have higher mortality rates during hospitalization. At the end of 1 year, the mortality rate was higher in patients who were hospitalized in the ICU received O<sub>2</sub> support and had diabetes mellitus. Among echocardiographic findings, those with a low left ventricular ejection fraction had higher early and 1-year mortality rates. Of the right ventricular functions, low fractional area change, high systolic pulmonary artery pressure (SPAP), shortened pulmonary acceleration time, low right ventricle systolic wave S' velocity, increased right atrium area, and inferior vena cava diameter were found to be associated with high mortality. Increased right atrial area and inferior vena cava diameter, increased SPAP, and shortened pulmonary acceleration time were found to be significant in 1-year mortality. The presence of pericardial effusion was associated with mortality during hospitalization but not with 1-year mortality. B-type natriuretic peptide, D-dimer, and hemoglobin levels were significantly correlated with both hospital mortality and 1-year mortality.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the follow-up of COVID-19 pneumonia, right ventricular function is considered to be an important factor in early and late mortality. It could be helpful to establish a follow-up program for discharged patients from the parameters involved in mortality.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"96-104"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10911235/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Vishal Bali, Peter Kardos, Clive Page, Paola Rogliani, Luigino Calzetta, Ada Adriano, Aidan Byrne, Adekemi Adeyemi, Andrew Frederickson, Jonathan Schelfhout
{"title":"Systematic literature review of treatments used for refractory or unexplained chronic cough in adults.","authors":"Vishal Bali, Peter Kardos, Clive Page, Paola Rogliani, Luigino Calzetta, Ada Adriano, Aidan Byrne, Adekemi Adeyemi, Andrew Frederickson, Jonathan Schelfhout","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_105_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_105_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Refractory or unexplained chronic cough (RCC or UCC) is difficult to manage and is usually treated by the off-label use of drugs approved for other indications.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>The objectives of this systematic literature review (SLR) were to identify and characterize the current published body of evidence for the efficacy and safety of treatments for RCC or UCC.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>The SLR was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. The SLRs pre-defined population included patients ≥18 years of age who were diagnosed with chronic cough. The review was not restricted to any intervention type or study comparator, nor by timeframe.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 20 eligible publications from 19 unique trials were included. Seventeen of these trials were randomized controlled trials and most (14/17) were placebo-controlled. There was considerable variability between trials in the definition of RCC or UCC, participant exclusion and inclusion criteria, outcome measurement timepoints, and the safety and efficacy outcomes assessed. Several trials identified significant improvements in cough frequency, severity, or health-related quality of life measures while participants were on treatment, although these improvements did not persist in any of the studies that included a post-treatment follow-up timepoint.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>In the absence of an approved therapy, placebo remains the most common comparator in trials of potential RCC or UCC treatments. The between-study comparability of the published evidence is limited by heterogeneity of study design, study populations, and outcomes measures, as well as by concerns regarding study size and risk of bias.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"56-73"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10911236/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Incidence and inhospital outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019-associated pulmonary aspergillosis in the United States.","authors":"Aditya Sharma, Aditi Sharma, Ayman O Soubani","doi":"10.4103/atm.atm_190_23","DOIUrl":"10.4103/atm.atm_190_23","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objective: </strong>The aim of this study was to estimate the predictors, associations, and outcomes of COVID-19-associated pulmonary disease (CAPA) in the United States.</p><p><strong>Study design and methods: </strong>This retrospective cohort study was performed by using the National Inpatient Sample Database 2020 to identify coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and CAPA hospitalizations. Baseline variables and outcomes were compared between COVID-19 hospitalizations without aspergillosis and those with aspergillosis. These variables were then used to perform an adjusted analysis for obtaining predictors and factors associated with CAPA and its inhospital mortality.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Of the 1,020,880 hospitalizations identified with the principal diagnosis of COVID-19, CAPA was identified in 1510 (0.1%) hospitalizations. The CAPA cohort consisted of a higher proportion of males (58%) as well as racial and ethnic minorities (Hispanics, Blacks, and others [including Asian or Pacific islanders, native Americans]). Inhospital mortality was significantly higher (47.35% vs. 10.87%, <i>P</i> < 0.001), the average length of stay was longer (27.61 vs. 7.29 days, <i>P</i> < 0.001), and the mean cost per hospitalization was higher ($121,560 vs. $18,423, <i>P</i> < 0.001) in the CAPA group compared to COVID-19 without aspergillosis. History of solid organ transplant, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and venous thromboembolism were associated with higher odds of CAPA among other factors. The use of invasive mechanical ventilation (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 6.24, <i>P</i> < 0.001), acute kidney injury (aOR 2.02, <i>P</i> = 0.028), and septic shock (aOR 2.07, <i>P</i> = 0.018) were associated with higher inhospital mortality in the CAPA cohort.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>While CAPA is an infrequent complication during hospitalizations for COVID-19, it significantly increases all-cause mortality, prolongs hospital stays, and leads to higher hospital expenses compared to COVID-19 cases without aspergillosis.</p>","PeriodicalId":50760,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Thoracic Medicine","volume":"19 1","pages":"87-95"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2024-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10911242/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140040748","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}