International Journal of Plant & Soil Science最新文献

{"title":"Dry Matter Accumulation and Biomass Partitioning of Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) as Influenced by Genotypes and Sulphur Levels","authors":"Monika, A. Dhaka, Bhagat Singh, Kamal, Ram Prakash, Aarzoo","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84896","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84896","url":null,"abstract":"Groundnut is an important oilseed crop and belongs to the family Fabaceae. However, the productivity of groundnut in India is less as compared to average productivity of the world. Variety is a key factor that affects the development, productivity, and quality of groundnut. The main cause of the low groundnut production is an unbalanced and insufficient usage of nutrients. Because groundnut is a legume-oilseed crop, it has a high phosphorus, calcium, and Sulphur demand. Therefore, this field experiment was conducted during the Kharif season of 2023 at Crop Physiology Field Laboratory, Department of Agronomy, CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar. The experiment was laid out in split plot design with four genotypes (G1-MH 4, G2-HNG 10, G3-HNG 69 and G4- GNH 804) in main plots and four sulphur levels (S1-Control, S2-20 kg S/ha, S3-40 kg S/ha and S4-60 kg S/ha) in sub-plots with three replications. The results revealed that among genotypes GNH 804 recorded significantly higher total dry matter accumulation and its partitioning into different plant parts at different growth stages in groundnut. This was followed by HNG 69. Among the sulphur levels, the 60 kg S/ha treatment recorded the highest dry matter accumulation, and this was closely followed by the sulphur level 40 kg S/ha. So, to obtain higher total dry matter accumulation and its partitioning, the genotype GNH 804 may be fertilized with 40 kg S/ha.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141928337","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Triketone Derivates of Hydroxyl Phenyl Pyruvate Dioxygenase (HPPD) as Potential Herbicides against Diverse Weed Flora in Maize: Efficacy, Phyto-toxicity, Soil Residual Toxicity Impact on Succeeding Sunflower","authors":"R. Karthikeyan, R. Priya, C. Bharathi, P. Janaki, C. Chinnusamy, M. Kandeshwari, T. Saranraj, R. Balamurugan","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84894","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84894","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: Field experiments were conducted for two years during 2016-17 to 2017-18 to evaluate the compatibility of tembotrione 420 SC (Laudis) on maize and its residual effect on succeeding crop.\u0000Methodology: Randomized complete block design with three replications were used. TNAU maize hybrid CO6 variety was sown with spacing of 60cm x 30cm. Seven weed control treatments were combined with various herbicide dosages followed by tembotrione (420 SC), 2,4-dimethyl amine salt (58% SL), atrazine (50% WP) and surfactant (isoxadifen-ethyl) were sprayed.\u0000Results: POE tembotrione at 120 g a.i.ha-1 + surfactant at 1000 ml + atrazine at 500 g a.i.ha-1 applied at 2-4 leaf stage provided satisfactory control of all types of weeds (grassy weeds, broad-leaved weeds and sedges) in maize without causing any crop phyto-toxicity on maize, which led to a higher grain yield and improved profitability. It was significantly controlled the dominant grassy and broad-leaved weeds which are Setaria verticillata (L.), Dactyloctenium aegyptium (L.), Panicum repens (L.), Cyperus rotundus (L.), Trianthema portulacastrum (L.) and Cleome gynandra (L.) as compared to the remaining herbicidal treatment. Laudis with different herbicide combinations had no phyto-toxicity on maize and it had no residual toxicity effect in sunflower subsequent crop.\u0000Interpretation: Compatibility of tembotrione (420 SC)  at 120 g a.i.ha-1 + surfactant at 1000 ml + atrazine (50% WP)  at 500 g a.i.ha-1 at 20 and 40 DAHS can maintain the total weed density and dry weight at a reasonable level and increase the productivity of rabi maize.\u0000","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141925700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Integrated Nutrient Management for Optimum Growth Traits and Yield of Soybean Crop (Glycine max L. Merr.)","authors":"Shivaji Keshav Gavit, Avinash Nilkantha Gawate, V. Suryavanshi, Shweta Avinash Ambore, S. S. Prajapati","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84895","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84895","url":null,"abstract":"A field experiment was conducted during kharif season of 2019 at the Experimental Farm, Department of Agronomy College of Agriculture, Latur to study “Integrated Nutrient Management in Soybean (Glycine max L.)”. The objective of experiment was to find out the effect of different organic and inorganic fertilizers on growth and yield of soybean. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with nine treatments and replicated thrice. The treatments were T1 – 100 % RDF, T2 – 100 % RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1, T3 – 75 % RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1, T4 – 100 % RDF + FYM @ 2.5 t ha-1, T5 – 75 % RDF + FYM @ 2.5 t ha-1, T6 – 100 % RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1, T7 – 75 % RDF + Vermicompost @ 2.5 t ha-1, T8 – 100 % RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t ha-1, T9 – 75 % RDF + FYM @ 5 t ha-1 + Vermicompost @ 1.25 t ha-1. The result revealed that the application of Application of 100 % RDF + FYM at 5 t ha-1 + Vermicompost at 1.25 t ha-1 (T8) was recorded higher values of all the growth parameters of soybean viz., plant height (42.87 cm), number of functional leaves (31.53), dry matter accumulation (24.17 g), leaf area (2.67 dm2), leaf area index (2.77 %), number of branches plant-1 (6.20), Absolute Growth Rate (AGR) for plant height (0.04 cm day-1 plant-1), Absolute Growth Rate (AGR) for dry matter (-0.55 cm day-1 plant-1) and Relative Growth Rate (RGR) for dry matter (-0.019 g g-1 day-1).  ","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Humic Acid as an Organic Biosurfactant in Amelioration of Physical Constraints of Sandy Soils","authors":"Akhila Ashokan, Mini V., R. B.","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84897","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i84897","url":null,"abstract":"Soil productivity is often attributed to soil structure, as fertile soil with ideal soil structure and adequate moisture level is considered productive. Soil structure is a key factor that influences the movement and retention of water in the soil, the pattern of soil erosion, the formation of crusts, nutrient recycling, root penetration, and the productivity of crops. The present study aims to assess the biosurfactant property of humic acid (HA) in weakly structured sandy soil. An incubation study was carried out by soil application of different doses of HA viz;0, 2.5, 5, 10 and 15 kg ha-1 for 30 days at field capacity. Soil supplemented with 15 kg ha-1 HA was observed to have the highest percentage of water stable aggregates (WSA), water holding capacity (WHC), and porosity, and the lowest value for bulk density (BD), dispersion ratio (DR) and clay dispersion ratio (CDR). The study proves that applying HA at the aforementioned dosage can bring about a notable enhancement in the stability in poorly structured sandy soils. Such organic biomolecules capable enough to bring about consistent improvements to soil quality within a short period will be beneficial for alleviating major obstacles in sustainable agriculture.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141929388","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Agriculture: A Review of Chemical Priming in Crop Production","authors":"Adil Rahim Margay, Arif Hassan","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74719","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74719","url":null,"abstract":"Agricultural productivity faces increasing challenges due to climate change, soil degradation, and the need for sustainable practices. Chemical priming, a technique involving the pre-treatment of seeds or plants with specific compounds, has emerged as a promising approach to enhance crop resilience, productivity, and stress tolerance. This review synthesizes current literature on the application of chemical priming in crop production, focusing on its mechanisms, effects on plant physiology, and its potential to optimize agricultural practices. Chemical priming operates through diverse mechanisms, including the induction of stress-responsive genes, enhancement of antioxidant activity, and modulation of hormone signaling pathways. These mechanisms result in improved germination rates, accelerated seedling growth, increased nutrient uptake, and enhanced tolerance to various abiotic and biotic stresses. Moreover, chemical priming has been shown to promote crop yield and quality under adverse environmental conditions, making it a valuable tool for sustainable agriculture. The effectiveness of chemical priming depends on various factors, such as the type of priming agent, concentration, timing of application, and the specific crop species. Furthermore, interactions with other agricultural practices, such as irrigation regimes and fertilization strategies, can influence its outcomes. Therefore, optimizing chemical priming protocols requires a comprehensive understanding of crop-specific responses and environmental factors. Despite its potential benefits, the widespread adoption of chemical priming in agriculture faces challenges related to cost-effectiveness, regulatory approval, and potential ecological impacts. Addressing these challenges requires further research to refine priming protocols, assess long-term effects on soil health and ecosystem functioning, and develop sustainable approaches for large-scale implementation.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141265784","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comparative Efficacy and Economics of Selected Chemicals with Neem Oil against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbench)","authors":"Jeena J C, Ashwani Kumar","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74721","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74721","url":null,"abstract":"The research was carried out at Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj, Uttar Pradesh, Central Research Field, during Rabi season from november 2023- march 2024.  The insecticide management experiment was conducted under Randomized Block Design (RBD) with the eight treatments and three replications by undertaking two spraying with fifteen-day intervals. The insecticides tested significantly reduced the pest population compared to control. Among the eight treatments evaluated for their efficacy in field condition against mustard aphids was recorded in treatment Neem oil 5% + Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (6.95) which was the minimum aphid population, followed by Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (8.46), Neem oil 5% + Acetamiprid 20% SP (9.78), Acetamiprid 20% SP (10.45), Neem oil 5% + Cypermethrin 10% EC (11.27), Cypermethrin 10% EC (11.55) and Neem oil 5% (12.01). The maximum aphid population was recorded in control plot (23.33 per 5 plant). Based on the results obtained in the investigation it is concluded that Imidacloprid 17.8SL with Neem oil and chemicals combined with neem oil could be utilized as a component in Integrated Pest Management of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on mustard. Similarly, the result revealed that the maximum C:B was recorded by treatment Neem oil 5%+ Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (1:2.77) followed by Imidacloprid 17.8% SL (1:2.67) and the minimum Cost Benefit Ratio was recorded in the control plot (1:1.27). The combination of Neem oil 5% and Imidacloprid 17.8 SL has offered cost-effective solutions that they effectively control aphid populations at lower costs. Thus, integrated pest management (IPM) approaches combining chemical treatments with cultural, biological, and mechanical controls may provide sustainable and cost-effective solutions in the long term.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141266446","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimizing Growth and Yield in Aerobic Rice through IoT-based Drip Irrigation and Fertigation","authors":"D. V. S. Akshay, R. M. Kumar, S. P. Sree, B. Sreedevi, M. B. B. Prasad Babu, A. S. Sakhare","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74720","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: A field experiment was conducted to study the effect of different IoT based drip irrigation and fertigation management practices on growth and yield of aerobic rice.\u0000Study Design: The experiment was laid out in a strip plot design with 4 main plots (Horizontal) and 3 sub-plots (Vertical) that are allocated randomly and replicated thrice.\u0000Place and Duration of Study: kharif and rabi seasons of 2022-23 & 2023-24 at ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad.\u0000Methodology: The horizontal plot treatments were Nitrogen management practices (4) i.e., Control (N1), 100 % RDN (100% inorganic) (N2), 100 % RDN (50% inorganic & 50% organic) (N3) and 125 % RDN (100 % inorganic) (N4). Vertical plots treatments were Irrigation management practices (3) which include Saturation (I1), 10 % DASM (I2) and 20 % DASM (I3). Organic nutrient sources were given as soil application and the inorganic sources were applied through fertigation. Sensor based (IoT) irrigation scheduling was done.\u0000Results: Nitrogen application of 125% RDN with 100% inorganic consistently resulted in higher growth parameters (plant height (110.4 cm and 93.9 cm), number of tillers m-2 (392.2 and 291.8) and plant dry weight (11814.8 kg ha-1 and 9557.0 kg ha-1) during kharif & rabi respectively) followed by 100% RDN (100% inorganic) and 100% RDN (50% inorganic & 50% organic) in pooled data. Saturation irrigation resulted in taller plants with greater growth parameters (plant height (109.8 cm and 91.0 cm), number of tillers m-2 (412.3 and 283.6) and plant dry weight (10916.0 kg ha-1 and 9463.4 kg ha-1) during kharif & rabi respectively) compared to deficit irrigation treatments. Treatment of 125% RDN with 100% inorganic resulted in the higher yield attributes (no. of panicles m-2 (154.3 and 141.1), no. of filled grains panicle-1 (142.3 and 124.0), panicle weight (3.1 g and 3.3 g) during kharif & rabi respectively) and yield (4790.2 kg ha-1 and 4583.8 kg ha-1) which was statistically similar with 100% RDN (100% inorganic) and 100% RDN (50% inorganic & 50% organic). Saturation expressed higher yield attributes (no. of panicles m-2 (149.5 and 139.2), no. of filled grains panicle-1 (135.0 and 121.6), panicle weight (3.0 g and 3.2 g) during kharif & rabi respectively) and yield (4554.0 kg ha-1 and 4425.5 kg ha-1) which was on par with 10% DASM. The interaction was found to be non-significant.\u0000Conclusion: Nitrogen application of 125% RDN and 100% RDN through fertigation were found to have statistically similar growth, yield parameters and yield. IoT based irrigation at 10% DASM was found to be on par with saturation treatment among all the growth, yield parameters and yield of aerobic rice.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Efficacy of Chemicals and Bio-pesticides against Mustard Aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on Mustard","authors":"Abhay Tak, A. Tayde, Akhilesh Tripathi","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74718","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74718","url":null,"abstract":"The present investigation was conducted during rabi season of 2023-2024 at Crop Research farm, NAI, SHUATS, Prayagraj using Randomized Block Design (RBD) method and eight treatments are replicated thrice. Results revealed that, among all the treatments Imidacloprid 17.8 SL recorded lowest population of aphid (55.67), followed by Spinosad 45% SC (66.51), Cypermethrin 10% EC (78.55),  Sixer  plus (94.49), Nisco MECH 333 (96.17), Neem oil 5% (99.44), and Beauveria bassiana (109.90) was less effective among all the treatments. While, the highest yield and cost benefit ratio was obtained with Imidacloprid 17.8 SL (18.15 q/ha.), (1:5.20) Followed by Spinosad 45% SC (17.85 q/ha.), (1:4.78), Cypermethrin 10% EC (16.35 q/ha.), (1:4.54), Sixer plus (14.98 q/ha.), (1:4.18), Nisco MECH 333 (14.58 q/ha.), (1:4.08), Neem oil 5% (13.03 q/ha.), (1:3.61), Beauveria bassiana (12.55 q/ha.), (1:3.48) Least monetary return was obtained with control(9.17 q/ha.), (1:2.74).","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141268191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effect of Tillage Practices and Fertility Levels on Growth, Yield Attributes and Yield of Wheat in Rice- Wheat Cropping System","authors":"R. Yadav, R. Yadav, M. Siddiqui, Sanjeev Kumar, Mohit Yadav, Mahendra Yadav, R. Sachan","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74723","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted at Agronomy Research Farm, CSAUAT, during rabi 2021-22 and 2022-23. The experiment was laid out into Split plot design with3 replication. Two levels of tillage viz. (1) Conventional tillage Two ploughing followed by sowing), (2) Reduce tillage (one ploughing followed by sowing were randomly allotted to main plot while ten 10 fertility levels. Basis on the pooled data the results of the study revealed that in case of tillage practices among the growth parameters; maximum plant height at 30, 60, 90 DAT and at harvest is 26.25, 46.26, 87.43, and 92.38 cm respectively, number of leaves plant-1 at 30, 60, 90 DAT and at harvest is 5.47, 16.51, 19.34 and 20.18 respectively, leaf area index at 30, 60, 90 DAT and at harvest is 0.553, 3.13, 4.48 and 5.05 respectively, relative growth rate at 30, 60, 90 DAT is 24.33, 14.48 and 3.82 g day-1 respectively, among the yield attributing characters maximum ear length (11.07 cm) , number of grain ear-1 (41.08), grain weight ear-1 (1.54 g) and 1000 grain weight (36.93 g) and among the productivity parameters; maximum grain yield (51.31 q ha-1), straw yield (67.21 q ha-1), biological yield (118.52 q ha-1) and harvest index (43.22 %) were recorded under the conventional tillage. Similarly in case of fertility levels growth parameters, yield attributing characters and productivity parameters were associated with 125 % RDF + chloromequate chloride.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141267397","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Seaweed Extract for Sustainable Rice Production- A Review","authors":"Teresa Thaimei, Kangujam Bokado, Barkha, Bidyabhusan Bera","doi":"10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74716","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2024/v36i74716","url":null,"abstract":"Seaweed extract is a bio-simulant that obtain from seaweeds like Agar, and Alginate and many more species of seaweed. By application of seaweed extract in rice crop (Oryza sativa L.) can increase the growth, grain yield, biological yield and improves the nutrient content in grain. Seaweed extract application also reduces the biotic and abiotic stress on crops. This seaweed extract can be applied in many ways to crop plants like foliar spray, soil incorporation, etc., based on crop type. It can impact the cellular respiration of plants and incorporates many enzymes like NAA, auxins, vitamins, cytokinin’s and many other growths promoting hormones in plants. This extract also has growth stimulating properties. It can increase nutrient absorption capacity by increasing root growth. Most of the marine algae are rich in auxins that increase root growth. The application of seaweed extract in soil can improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. It can improve Arbuscular mycorrhiza by providing potassium to plant. Application of seaweed extract to soil can improve the availability of nutrients like calcium, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and magnesium. Moreover, foliar spray of seaweed extract in rice crop increases crop growth, yield, nutrient uptake, water uptake, increases photosynthesis, and stomatal conductance. So, seaweed extract incorporation in rice cultivation could be a better approach to gain long-term sustainable production.","PeriodicalId":507605,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Plant & Soil Science","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}