International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa最新文献_第2页

Effect of Calcium Carbonate as Filler on the Physicomechanical Properties of Polypropylene Random 填充物碳酸钙对聚丙烯无规物理力学性能的影响

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-05-21 DOI: 10.4028/p-s4ctdf

Afaf Chakir, Mohammed Alami, Mohammed Assouag, Othmane Noureddine, Fahed Elamarty

{"title":"Effect of Calcium Carbonate as Filler on the Physicomechanical Properties of Polypropylene Random","authors":"Afaf Chakir, Mohammed Alami, Mohammed Assouag, Othmane Noureddine, Fahed Elamarty","doi":"10.4028/p-s4ctdf","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-s4ctdf","url":null,"abstract":"To minimize the cost of production and enhancement pipe quality, this research aims to gain insights into the physical and mechanical characteristics of high-performance polypropylene random filled with rigid inorganic calcium carbonate particles at various content levels, with a specific focus on how the toughness of PPR changes. Virgin Polypropylene Random PPR, a new material extracted from a homopolymer polypropylene, is used as a matrix with 10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 wt. % of CaCO3. The density, melt flow rate, tensile strength, tensile strain, modulus of elasticity, and hardness are used to evaluate the quality of the material. The results showed that the density, the modulus of elasticity, and the hardness increased with increasing the percentage of CaCO3. As the percentage of CaCO3 increased, the melt flow rate decreased. The tensile strength and strain increased to 28.7 MPa and 533.25%, respectively at 20 wt.% of CaCO3, with 14.8% and 6.65% reaching gains compared to the virgin PPR (25 MPa and 500%). The enhancement of the mechanical properties is thanks to the presence of stiffer and rigid particles of CaCO3 that act as a reinforcing agent. Moreover, when CaCO3 is well dispersed, it forms a strong bond with the polypropylene matrix, and facilitates the transfer of stress from the matrix to the fillers, resulting in increased stiffness. The optimum percentage of CaCO3 to add into the inner layer of extruded PPR pipes is at a composition of the filler of 20 wt. %.","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"18 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141118551","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Densification Behaviours of TiC/Ni Metal Ceramic Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy 粉末冶金法生产的 TiC/Ni 金属陶瓷合金的致密化行为

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-gos8ao

Lahcene Mebarki, Abdelyamine Boukhobza, Kamel Fedaoui, Baroura Lazhar

{"title":"Densification Behaviours of TiC/Ni Metal Ceramic Alloys Produced by Powder Metallurgy","authors":"Lahcene Mebarki, Abdelyamine Boukhobza, Kamel Fedaoui, Baroura Lazhar","doi":"10.4028/p-gos8ao","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-gos8ao","url":null,"abstract":"Ceramic Metallic Alloys of TiC/Ni, Comprising Titanium Carbide with Nickel Contents of 5%, 15%, 30%, and 50%, were Fabricated through Solid-Phase Sintering at 1400°C with a 2-hour Holding Time and a Pressure of 50MPa. This Study Explores the Impact of Nickel Content on the Mechanical and Structural Properties. The Solidification Mechanism between TiC and Ni is Governed by Carbon Diffusion through TiC Particles, Affecting the Morphology of TiC and Carbon Particles in Ni Samples. The Reaction Behavior within the TiC/Ni Alloys was Analyzed, and Microstructural and Mechanical Characteristics were Examined to Evaluate the Influence of Varying Nickel Contents. Results indicate that in all samples, the TiC matrix exhibited a solid solution of the FCC phase. The reaction mechanism of Ti-C-Ni reveals the evolution of solid phase formation with increasing nickel content. As nickel content increases, the mass and size of nickel particles grow, leading to a more uniform and homogeneous structure. At a nickel content of 15%, the samples displayed a bending strength of 1200 ± 50 N, a microhardness of 800 ± 20 (HV 0.1), and a density of 5.6 ± 0.2.","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Response Surface Optimization of Rice and Guinea Corn Husk Ash Blended Concrete 大米和几内亚玉米芯灰掺合料混凝土的响应面优化

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-tu7atx

S. Odeyemi, Ahmed Olatunbosun Omoniyi, Michael Oluwasegun Adisa, R. Abdulwahab, M. Akinpelu

{"title":"Response Surface Optimization of Rice and Guinea Corn Husk Ash Blended Concrete","authors":"S. Odeyemi, Ahmed Olatunbosun Omoniyi, Michael Oluwasegun Adisa, R. Abdulwahab, M. Akinpelu","doi":"10.4028/p-tu7atx","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-tu7atx","url":null,"abstract":"Concrete, a fundamental construction material, consists of aggregates, water, cement, and additives. Unfortunately, the large-scale production of cement is a major contributor to carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, primarily from the manufacturing process and the consumption of fossil fuels. This not only incurs environmental costs associated with global warming but also depletes vital limestone deposits. To mitigate these issues, this study aims to explore the optimal utilization of Guinea Corn Husk Ash (GCHA) and Rice Husk Ash (RHA) in concrete. This research investigated the chemical properties of GCHA and RHA, and their impact on the compressive and split-tensile strengths of concrete when integrated in various proportions. The study reveals that both GCHA and RHA meet the minimum oxide content requirement of 70% set by ASTM C618, with silicon dioxide (SiO2) as the predominant oxide. Increasing the content of RHA and GCHA from 5% to 10% improves the concrete's compressive and split-tensile strengths after curing for 56 days. Optimization results indicate that the ideal mix consists of 10% GCHA, 8.5% RHA, and 82.5% cement, yielding a compressive and split tensile strength of 31.34 N/mm² and 3.07 N/mm² respectively. This study thus offers a promising solution for sustainable concrete production by reducing the environmental footprint of cement while enhancing material properties and promoting an eco-friendlier approach to construction. Keywords: Concrete, Guinea Corn Husk Ash, Rice Husk Ash, Compressive Strength, Split-Tensile Strength","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"2012 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718709","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mixture Design Identification of Admissible Tannery Sludge Incorporation in Fired Bricks 确定烧结砖中可掺入的制革污泥的混合物设计

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-escdu9

Armia Ghrairi, Lassaâd Ajam, O. Limam

{"title":"Mixture Design Identification of Admissible Tannery Sludge Incorporation in Fired Bricks","authors":"Armia Ghrairi, Lassaâd Ajam, O. Limam","doi":"10.4028/p-escdu9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-escdu9","url":null,"abstract":"Pollution problems caused by industrial production of leather tanneries are an important environmental issue. In the present paper we propose to study effects of tannery sludge (TS) addition in manufactured clay bricks applying a mixture design formed by different proportions of four components: Clay, two types of sand and TS. The analysis leads to an optimal practical mixture of around 10% of TS, 20% of sand and 70% of clay and this to remain with an acceptable aspect, an admissible water absorption below 15%, an admissible total shrinkage (drying and after fire) lower than 8%, a tensile strength higher than 5MPa and a thermal conductivity of 0.93 Wm-1K-1, 15% lower than the reference mixture with 0% of TS. Experimental results indicate that a temperature cycle firing up to 950°C can lead to higher tensile strength and lower water absorption compared to a cycle that reaches only 850°C. Furthermore, incorporating (TS) in the fired brick manufacturing process can lead to significant energy saving. Additionally, it was observed that a moderate inclusion of TS can enhance evaporation process. Keywords : Mixture design, Tannery Sludge (TS); Clay bricks ; Evaporation ; Strength; Water absorption; Shrinkage; Leaching; Energy.","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717795","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Recycled Aggregates and Recycled Steel Fibers 含回收骨料和回收钢纤维的自密实混凝土的性能

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-gama0s

Mahieddine Hichem, Ayed Kada, Belmokretar Karim, Azzaz Mohammed, Ezziane Mohammed, N. Leklou

{"title":"Performance of Self-Compacting Concrete Containing Recycled Aggregates and Recycled Steel Fibers","authors":"Mahieddine Hichem, Ayed Kada, Belmokretar Karim, Azzaz Mohammed, Ezziane Mohammed, N. Leklou","doi":"10.4028/p-gama0s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-gama0s","url":null,"abstract":"Since the inception of self-compacting concrete, there has been a growing interest in integrating waste materials into its composition. This study explores the performance of self-compacting concrete and fibered self-compacting concrete, incorporating recycled aggregates sourced from the demolition and crushing of previously tested specimens. Additionally, it investigates the influence of steel fibers, both of commercial origin and those recycled from waste tires. The analysis spans both the fresh and hardened states, encompassing twelve concrete mixtures to assess workability (through measurements such as slump flow, T500, and L-BOX), segregation resistance, compressive strength, and flexural strength. Furthermore, the durability of these concrete mixtures is evaluated by examining mass loss and compressive strength after 56 days of exposure to acidic environments (HCl and H2SO4). The study is organized into three distinct series of concrete mixtures. The first series explores concrete without any fiber additives, focusing on replacing filler limestone with recycled concrete powder and/or substituting coarse aggregates with recycled concrete aggregates. In the second series, commercial fibers are introduced at a dosage of 30 kg/m³. The third series replaces the commercial fibers with recycled fibers with hooked ends. The assessment of the hardened state reveals enhanced mechanical properties in the case of fibered self-compacting concrete (compressive strength increased by more than 9%, and flexural strength increased by more than 8%). Notably, the results highlight that recycled aggregates exhibit improved resistance to HCl acid attack. Interestingly, the replacement of commercial fibers with recycled fibers does not substantially affect the concrete's resistance to acid exposure.","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"100 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718160","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Exploring the Influence of Plastic Powder Incorporation on Geotechnical Properties of Expansive Soil Stabilized with Granite Powder for Building Applications 探索掺入塑料粉对使用花岗岩粉稳定的建筑用膨胀土岩土特性的影响

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-k5beqx

Hamid Sellaf, Balegh Benamar, Adda Hadj Mostefa

引用次数: 0

Solar Radiation Prediction in Adrar, Algeria: A Case Study of Hybrid Extreme Machine-Based Techniques 阿尔及利亚阿德拉尔的太阳辐射预测：基于极端机器的混合技术案例研究

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-vh0u4y

Mohammed Benatallah, N. Bailek, K. Bouchouicha, Alireza Sharifi, Yasser Abdel-Hadi, S. C. Nwokolo, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Ilhami Colak, L. Abualigah, El-Sayed M. El-kenawy

{"title":"Solar Radiation Prediction in Adrar, Algeria: A Case Study of Hybrid Extreme Machine-Based Techniques","authors":"Mohammed Benatallah, N. Bailek, K. Bouchouicha, Alireza Sharifi, Yasser Abdel-Hadi, S. C. Nwokolo, Nadhir Al-Ansari, Ilhami Colak, L. Abualigah, El-Sayed M. El-kenawy","doi":"10.4028/p-vh0u4y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-vh0u4y","url":null,"abstract":"This study delves into the application of hybrid extreme machine-based techniques for solar radiation prediction in Adrar, Algeria. The models under evaluation include the Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), Weighted Extreme Learning Machine (WELM), and Self-Adaptive Extreme Learning Machine (SA-ELM), with a comparative analysis based on various performance metrics. The results show that SA-ELM achieves the highest accuracy with an R2 of 0.97, outperforming ELM and WELM by 4.6% and 15.4% respectively in terms of R2. SA-ELM also has the lowest MPE, RMSE and RRMSE values, indicating a higher accuracy in predicting global radiation. Furthermore, comparison with previously employed prediction techniques solidifies SA-ELM’s superiority, evident in its 0.275 RMSE.The study explores different input combinations for predicting global radiation in the study region, concluding that incorporating all relevant inputs yields optimal performance, although reduced input scenarios can still provide practical accuracy when data availability is limited. These results highlight the effectiveness of the SA-ELM model in accurately predicting global radiation, which is expected to have significant implications for renewable energy applications in the region. However, further testing and evaluation of the models in different regions and under different weather conditions is recommended to improve the generalizability and robustness of the results.","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"1991 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140719177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Experimental Study of Friction Factor Reduction by Adding Aloe Vera Gel in Pipes Transporting Dams Sediments 在输送水坝沉积物的管道中添加芦荟胶降低摩擦系数的实验研究

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-qzdde7

Moudjeb Miloud, Hammadi Larbi, Nemdili Ali

{"title":"Experimental Study of Friction Factor Reduction by Adding Aloe Vera Gel in Pipes Transporting Dams Sediments","authors":"Moudjeb Miloud, Hammadi Larbi, Nemdili Ali","doi":"10.4028/p-qzdde7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-qzdde7","url":null,"abstract":"The phenomenon of siltation represents an enormous risk for the lifespan and safety of dams, and there are several methods for evacuating sediments, of which the hydraulic dredging technique is the most widely used. But during this operation there are load loss exists so it is necessary to find solutions to reduce it. The purpose of this work is to use the Aloe Vera gel as a load loss reducer during hydraulic dredging of dams. To carry out this study, a rheumatic characterization of dams sediments and dams sediments - Aloe Vera gel mixtures was carried out using a torque controlled rheometer (Discovery Hybrid Rheometer DHR2 from TA instrument) and a hydraulic study carried out on a closed-circuit installation comprising three pipes of different diameters and lengths, supplied by a centrifugal pump driven by a variable speed Diesel engine. The experimental work was carried in pipe of diameter D1=36.16 mm and length L1 = 12.24 m with the quantity of Aloe Vera 2 to 10 wt% and different speed of rotation of pump. The flow curves as a function of dose of Aloe Vera added to dam sediments were analysed by the Casson model. The calibration of installation has been fitted by the Blasius equation. The addition of Aloe Vera gel with a quantity range between 2 and 10 wt% to dams sediments of 40 wt% and 45 wt% induces an decrease in the yield stress and the viscosity infinite of dams sediments. The study also demonstrated that adding of 6 wt% of sodium tripolyphosphate to 40 wt% and 45 wt% dam sediments decreased the friction factor by 75% and 85% respectively","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717950","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Vol. 68 非洲工程研究国际期刊》第 68 卷

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/b-of2mem

引用次数: 0

Quantification and Optimization of Compaction Energy Used in Earth Construction: Case of Static and Dynamic Compaction 土方施工中压实能量的量化与优化：静态和动态压实案例

International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.4028/p-u3rdpk

Atar Dialmy, M. Rguig, Mehdi Meliani

{"title":"Quantification and Optimization of Compaction Energy Used in Earth Construction: Case of Static and Dynamic Compaction","authors":"Atar Dialmy, M. Rguig, Mehdi Meliani","doi":"10.4028/p-u3rdpk","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4028/p-u3rdpk","url":null,"abstract":"Earth construction is a sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to building. In addition to their good thermal performance, earth materials are abundant, inexpensive, and readily available, reducing the need for resource-intensive materials like concrete and steel. Regarding the construction process of earth structures, which is based on compaction, there is often a difference between the laboratory compaction process and the onsite one. The energy consumed onsite to produce earth structures is still approximative and uncontrolled, which affects considerably the mechanical performances of earth walls. Then, the investigation of the optimal compaction energy is necessary. To optimize the on-site compaction energy used in rammed earth (RE), an experimental study is carried out to compare the dynamic compaction usually applied to produce RE walls to the static compaction using a mechanical press. By considering increasing dynamic and static energies, the physical and mechanical properties are analyzed for each case. The obtained results show that RE walls can be replaced by prefabricated pressed earth blocks where the compaction energy is reduced by 60% and the compressive strength is enhanced by 70% using static compaction, thus achieving 4 MPa without stabilization. This solution allows to reduce the execution time and to control the quality of earth buildings.","PeriodicalId":507603,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Engineering Research in Africa","volume":"2015 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140718233","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0