Chinese Journal of Electronics最新文献

An Extensible Hybrid Channel Modeling Framework with Multivariate Inputs for Massive Connectivity Environments 面向海量连接环境的多变量输入可扩展混合通道建模框架

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.441

Yu Yu;Siyao Han;Lu Chen;Yang Liu;Hengfei Xu;Jie Yang;Yongqiang Bao

{"title":"An Extensible Hybrid Channel Modeling Framework with Multivariate Inputs for Massive Connectivity Environments","authors":"Yu Yu;Siyao Han;Lu Chen;Yang Liu;Hengfei Xu;Jie Yang;Yongqiang Bao","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.441","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate characterization of wireless channels in massive connectivity environments is challenging due to the diverse factors affecting propagation. To address this issue, we propose a novel extensible hybrid modeling framework that integrates physics-based coarse modeling, stacking-ensemble-based fine modeling with multivariate inputs, and a random variable component. Then, extensive ray tracing is conducted and the feasibility of the proposed framework is validated using the path loss data in a smart factory, spanning 2.4–100 GHz and covering various configurations of machines, robotic arms, and automated guided vehicles. In addition, mechanism analysis, including permutation importance and meta-learner weight inspection, uncovers complex input-output relationships of the proposed framework. Compared with other models, the proposed model achieves a mean squared error of 4.7 dB<sup>2</sup> for path loss and 12.0 ns<sup>2</sup> for mean delay spread with low time consumption. Furthermore, we verify the framework's seamless extensibility to spatial and temporal channel properties, and discuss the deployment challenges and feasibility of the proposed framework. It is beneficial for the design and deployment of future machine-object communication systems in complex large-scale Internet of things scenarios.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"2099-2110"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188714","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Novel Neural Network-Based Modeling Methodology and Performance Optimization for ESD Device 基于神经网络的ESD器件建模方法及性能优化

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.492

Yujie Liu;Zhixiang Cao;Xiangliang Jin

{"title":"Novel Neural Network-Based Modeling Methodology and Performance Optimization for ESD Device","authors":"Yujie Liu;Zhixiang Cao;Xiangliang Jin","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.492","url":null,"abstract":"Electrostatic discharge (ESD) constitutes a significant reliability issue in the manufacturing of advanced integrated circuits. However, the design and accurate simulation of on-chip ESD protection devices remain challenging due to the lack of standardized models and computer aided design tools that support comprehensive ESD device simulation. In this paper, we present a method for modeling the voltage-time (VT), current-time (IT), and quasi-static current-voltage (IV) curves of ESD protection devices using neural network models in machine learning. For method demonstration and experimental validation, resistor-capacitor-coupled low-voltage-triggered silicon-controlled rectifier and ESD N-well diodes were fabricated on 0.18 μm complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) and bipolar-CMOS-DMOS processes. The VT and IT curves obtained from 100 ns transmission line pulse testing were fitted and predicted, and the final quasi-static IV curves were calculated from the simulation results of these transient responses. Experimental results demonstrate that the simulation data achieve a coefficient of determination <tex>$(R^{2})$</tex> greater than 0.99 against the measured data. Furthermore, the proposed modeling method is applicable to both primary categories of ESD protection devices (snapback and nonsnapback), offering a versatile technical approach for predicting the performance of ESD protection designs.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"2036-2047"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188771","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficiency Improvements in Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning: A Comprehensive Survey 隐私保护联邦学习的效率改进：一项综合调查

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.116

Zhiyong Jin;Guoan Wan;Runhua Xu;Chao Li;Qianren Mao;Jianxin Li;Xinning Tian

{"title":"Efficiency Improvements in Privacy-Preserving Federated Learning: A Comprehensive Survey","authors":"Zhiyong Jin;Guoan Wan;Runhua Xu;Chao Li;Qianren Mao;Jianxin Li;Xinning Tian","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.116","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.116","url":null,"abstract":"Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a decentralized paradigm for model training, addressing scalability and privacy concerns by enabling collaborative learning without centralized data collection. Despite its advantages, the distributed nature of FL introduces significant privacy risks, such as gradient-based attacks, prompting the development of privacy-preserving federated learning (PPFL). PPFL leverages techniques such as cryptographic protocols and differential privacy to strengthen privacy preservation. However, these methods often come at the cost of reduced accuracy, slower convergence, and increased computational and communication overhead. While existing surveys primarily focus on communication efficiency in traditional FL or provide taxonomies of privacy-preserving techniques in PPFL, they often overlook the efficiency challenges unique to PPFL frameworks. To fill this research gap, this survey presents a comprehensive review of efficiency issues in PPFL, with a focus on recent advancements in optimization strategies for improving PPFL system performance. Motivated by this research gap, this work provides what we believe to be the first comprehensive study dedicated to investigating these specific efficiency issues and sorting out recent advances in corresponding solutions. By systematically categorizing and analyzing state-of-the-art techniques, this work offers valuable insights for researchers and practitioners aiming to achieve an optimal balance between privacy preservation and the computational as well as communication efficiency in PPFL systems.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"2141-2157"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware—Software Co-Design 大型模型绿色发展研究：从资源节约型架构到软硬件协同设计

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.438

Linhui Xiao;Guiping Cao;Mingyue Guo;Xianchao Guan;Fan Yang;Ming Tao;Xin Li;Yuxin Peng;Yaowei Wang

{"title":"A Survey on the Green Development of Large Models: From Resource-Efficient Architectures to Hardware—Software Co-Design","authors":"Linhui Xiao;Guiping Cao;Mingyue Guo;Xianchao Guan;Fan Yang;Ming Tao;Xin Li;Yuxin Peng;Yaowei Wang","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.438","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.438","url":null,"abstract":"The rapid expansion of large-scale artificial intelligence (AI) models has led to significant performance breakthroughs across diverse domains, yet it has also raised critical concerns regarding computational costs, energy consumption, and environmental sustainability. This survey provides a comprehensive overview of the green development of large models, emphasizing resource-efficient architectures and full-stack hardware-software co-design. We systematically review recent advances in efficient model construction, including attention operator optimization, linear-complexity architectures, and model sparsification and merging, as well as training and deployment strategies such as data-efficient learning, parameter-efficient fine-tuning, and computational compression. Beyond algorithmic improvements, we explore energy-efficient AI hardware, including mainstream AI chips, memory optimization, cross-platform deployment, and sustainable infrastructure. Furthermore, we examine how large models are being applied to sustainability-critical domains such as DeepSeek, remote sensing interpretation, national-scale infrastructure, and global initiatives. In addition, we discuss key challenges and future directions, highlighting the need for continual learning paradigms, memory-centric hardware, and standardized evaluation protocols. This survey aims to offer a holistic roadmap toward sustainable, scalable, and socially responsible development of large models.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"1817-1840"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

LMDA: LLM-Guided Marginal Distribution Alignment for Open-Set Active Learning LMDA：开放集主动学习的llm引导的边际分布对齐

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.446

Jingyi Tang;Liang Li;Beichen Zhang;Qingming Huang

{"title":"LMDA: LLM-Guided Marginal Distribution Alignment for Open-Set Active Learning","authors":"Jingyi Tang;Liang Li;Beichen Zhang;Qingming Huang","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.446","url":null,"abstract":"Active learning (AL) in the open-set scenario presents the crucial challenge of selecting the most valuable data from an unlabeled data pool containing both in-distribution (ID) and out-of-distribution (OOD) data. Standard AL fails in this scenario due to the high uncertainty and diversity of OOD data. Recent studies either select the most probable ID data or augment standard AL with an OOD detector, but they usually struggle to unify the purity and informativeness of data selection. In this paper, we propose a large language model (LLM)-guided marginal distribution alignment open-set active learning framework (LMDA), a framework that selects data with high purity and high informativeness for efficient model training. Given a large unlabeled dataset, we first propose an LLM-guided data purification module to obtain a fine-grained estimate of data purity and partition the unlabeled dataset into three subsets based on the proportion of ID and OOD data. Second, we introduce a marginal distribution alignment module to model the joint distribution of purity and informativeness of unlabeled data, thereby estimating the uncertainty of the ID-OOD distribution. Furthermore, we integrate this uncertainty with the uncertainty of the target model to select data with high purity and informativeness. Extensive experiments show that LMDA achieves state-of-the-art performance on two public open-set AL datasets.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"1865-1875"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188266","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A W-Band Full-Band Waveguide Bandpass Filter with Loaded Capacitive Metal Columns 带负载电容金属柱的w波段全频带波导带通滤波器

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.540

Yiming Fan;Zhongqian Niu;Xi Fang;Bo Zhang;Yinian Feng;Zuqiang Ou;Jincai Qiao;Xiaobin Wang

{"title":"A W-Band Full-Band Waveguide Bandpass Filter with Loaded Capacitive Metal Columns","authors":"Yiming Fan;Zhongqian Niu;Xi Fang;Bo Zhang;Yinian Feng;Zuqiang Ou;Jincai Qiao;Xiaobin Wang","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.540","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a W-band full-band waveguide bandpass filter with loaded capacitive metal columns. Theoretical analysis was first conducted, and a 9th-order offset magnetic coupling wideband filter prototype was designed. Then, by inserting metal columns into the resonant coupling cavities of the prototype, capacitance was introduced to perturb the resonant electric field within the cavities and improved the rectangular coefficient, which enhances the filter's out-of-band rejection. The measurement results show that the passband frequency range of the filter covers 70–110 GHz, with a fractional bandwidth of approximately 45% and a 30 dB rectangular coefficient of 0.824. To the best of the author's knowledge, this is the first millimeter-wave cavity filter loaded with capacitive metal columns. Compared to other research results, the proposed filter combines wideband and high out-of-band rejection characteristics, demonstrating excellent performance and suitability for use in extension modules of millimeter-wave terahertz measurement systems or high-speed communication systems.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"1970-1979"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A 1.16 GHz–1.25 GHz 1×2 Reconfigurable Filtering Power Divider with Independent Continuous Phase Control Using 1×2 Phase Control Network 基于1×2相控网络的1.16 GHz - 1.25 GHz 1×2独立连续相控可重构滤波功率分压器

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.393

Yuhang Ning;Zhihua Wei;Bin Liu;Pei-Ling Chi;Tao Yang

{"title":"A 1.16 GHz–1.25 GHz 1×2 Reconfigurable Filtering Power Divider with Independent Continuous Phase Control Using 1×2 Phase Control Network","authors":"Yuhang Ning;Zhihua Wei;Bin Liu;Pei-Ling Chi;Tao Yang","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.393","url":null,"abstract":"This paper proposes a 1×2 reconfigurable filtering power divider with tunable center frequency, insertion phase, and power dividing ratio (PDR) operating within 1.16–1.25 GHz. The design combines a reconfigurable 2nd-order Chebyshev bandpass filter with a 1 ×2 controllable phase control network (PCN) that serves as the output coupling circuit. The 1×2 PCN comprises two external-coupling admittance J-inverters, two shunt non-resonating nodes and a resonator. This configuration enables a reconfigurable filtering power divider with 3rd-order filtering response. By cooperatively controlling the 1×2 PCN, the PDR and insertion phase of each port can be independently adjusted while remaining a constant amplitude response. These capabilities are achieved within an ultra-compact design, eliminating the need for independent bulky power distribution structures, additional phase shifters, or amplitude control units. Comprehensive theoretical analysis and closed-form design equations are provided to guide the 1×2 PCN design process. A 1×2 reconfigurable filtering power divider with 1×2 PCN is designed, fabricated and measured. Simulation and experimental results demonstrate flexible reconfigurability and multifunctionalities, including: tunable center frequency from 1.16 GHz to 1.25 GHz; two-way power distribution; controllable PDR; tunable output phase difference ranging from −90° to 90° at arbitrary adjacent output ports.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"2009-2022"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A High-Performance Continuous-Variable Long-Distance Protocol with KLM-Based Teleamplifier 基于klm远程放大器的高性能连续可变远程协议

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.510

Xin Li;Rigui Zhou

{"title":"A High-Performance Continuous-Variable Long-Distance Protocol with KLM-Based Teleamplifier","authors":"Xin Li;Rigui Zhou","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.510","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.510","url":null,"abstract":"In continuous-variable quantum communication, probabilistic noiseless linear amplifiers serve as an essential error-correction strategy for overcoming transmission losses. The Knill-Laflamme-Milburn-based (KLM-based) teleamplifier, proposed in 2024, is the first to achieve the theoretical upper bound of success probability for this class of amplifiers. In this work, the KLM-based teleamplifier is incorporated into our proposed quantum repeater scheme to enhance its practicality. For comparison, several representative amplifier approaches are employed to replace the KLM-based teleamplifier, and their corresponding performance is investigated. Simulation results show that, compared with other schemes, the KLM-based scheme exhibits higher success probability, logarithmic negativity, and secret key rate under collective attack for both single- and multi-node repeater configurations. Moreover, the performance superiority of the scheme focuses on different performance metrics across various parameter regimes. As the first application of the KLM-based teleamplifier in a quantum communication protocol, our results demonstrate that: in addition to external techniques such as multiplexing, optimizing the internal amplifier module can also significantly improve the practicality of quantum repeater schemes, paving the way for future long-distance quantum communication.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"2111-2122"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188764","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Towards Global Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Benchmark for Corpus-Level Reasoning 面向全局检索-增强生成：语料库级推理的基准

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.443

Qi Luo;Xiaonan Li;Tingshuo Fan;Xinchi Chen;Xipeng Qiu

{"title":"Towards Global Retrieval-Augmented Generation: A Benchmark for Corpus-Level Reasoning","authors":"Qi Luo;Xiaonan Li;Tingshuo Fan;Xinchi Chen;Xipeng Qiu","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.443","url":null,"abstract":"Retrieval-augmented generation (RAG) has emerged as a leading approach to reducing hallucinations in large language models (LLMs). Current RAG evaluation benchmarks primarily focus on what we call local RAG: retrieving relevant chunks from a small subset of documents to answer queries that require only localized understanding within specific text chunks. However, many real-world applications require a fundamentally different capability—global RAG capability—which involves aggregating and analyzing information across entire document collections to derive corpus-level insights (e.g., “What are the top 10 most cited papers in 2023?”). In this paper, we introduce global question answering (GlobalQA), the first benchmark specifically designed to evaluate global RAG capabilities. This benchmark covers four core task types: counting, extremum queriying, sorting, and top-<tex>$k$</tex> extraction. Through systematic evaluation across different models and baselines, we find that existing RAG methods perform poorly on global tasks, with the strongest baseline only achieving an F1 score of 1.51. To address these challenges, we propose global retrieval-augmented generation (GlobalRAG), a multi-tool collaborative framework that preserves structural coherence through document-level retrieval, incorporates LLM-driven intelligent filters to eliminate noisy documents, and integrates aggregation modules for precise symbolic computation. On the Qwen2.5-14B model, GlobalRAG achieves an F1 score of 6.63, which substantially outperforms the F1 score of 1.51 obtained by the strongest baseline, demonstrating the effectiveness of the proposed method.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"1854-1864"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Efficient Parameter Extraction for High Electron Mobility Transistors Small-Signal Modeling Considering Device Scaling 考虑器件缩放的高电子迁移率晶体管小信号建模的高效参数提取

IF 4.5 4区计算机科学

Chinese Journal of Electronics Pub Date : 2026-09-01 Epub Date: 2026-10-16 DOI: 10.23919/cje.2025.00.394

Yan Wang;Jianwei Wang;Yu Zhang;Haijun Liu;Wenming Li;Shuman Mao;Yuehang Xu

{"title":"Efficient Parameter Extraction for High Electron Mobility Transistors Small-Signal Modeling Considering Device Scaling","authors":"Yan Wang;Jianwei Wang;Yu Zhang;Haijun Liu;Wenming Li;Shuman Mao;Yuehang Xu","doi":"10.23919/cje.2025.00.394","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.23919/cje.2025.00.394","url":null,"abstract":"This article addresses the critical need for scalable device models in microwave integrated circuit design. While small-signal model extraction is fundamental, current techniques require significant improvements in scalability, particularly for extrapolated predictions. Conventional methods often handle single devices or rely on time-consuming mathematical techniques, struggling to accurately and efficiently model scaling parameters. We present an efficient parameter extraction methodology for small-signal equivalent circuit modeling of high electron mobility transistors (HEMTs). Our approach features a physical capacitance separation technique that ensures parameter consistency and accuracy across all device sizes. Additionally, it incorporates a single-dimensional optimization algorithm based on microwave network theory, which effectively reduces parameter discreteness while accelerating extraction speed and maintaining solution consistency across scaled devices. The proposed method demonstrates remarkable computational efficiency, achieving convergence in as few as 2 iterations with an average extraction time of just 4 seconds per bias point. Comprehensive validation across multiple gallium arsenide HEMT devices confirms that the proposed technique exhibits exceptional accuracy and robust scaling capability, particularly for extrapolated devices that bypass the extraction process.","PeriodicalId":50701,"journal":{"name":"Chinese Journal of Electronics","volume":"35 5","pages":"1980-1987"},"PeriodicalIF":4.5,"publicationDate":"2026-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"149188274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0