Chromosome Research最新文献_第9页

Super-resolution microscopy reveals stochastic initiation of replication in Drosophila polytene chromosomes. 超分辨率显微镜显示果蝇多染色体复制的随机起始。

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-021-09679-w

Tatyana D Kolesnikova, Galina V Pokholkova, Viktoria V Dovgan, Igor F Zhimulev, Veit Schubert

{"title":"Super-resolution microscopy reveals stochastic initiation of replication in Drosophila polytene chromosomes.","authors":"Tatyana D Kolesnikova, Galina V Pokholkova, Viktoria V Dovgan, Igor F Zhimulev, Veit Schubert","doi":"10.1007/s10577-021-09679-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-021-09679-w","url":null,"abstract":"Studying the probability distribution of replication initiation along a chromosome is a huge challenge. Drosophila polytene chromosomes in combination with super-resolution microscopy provide a unique opportunity for analyzing the probabilistic nature of replication initiation at the ultrastructural level. Here, we developed a method for synchronizing S-phase induction among salivary gland cells. An analysis of the replication label distribution in the first minutes of S phase and in the following hours after the induction revealed the dynamics of replication initiation. Spatial super-resolution structured illumination microscopy allowed identifying multiple discrete replication signals and to investigate the behavior of replication signals in the first minutes of the S phase at the ultrastructural level. We identified replication initiation zones where initiation occurs stochastically. These zones differ significantly in the probability of replication initiation per time unit. There are zones in which initiation occurs on most strands of the polytene chromosome in a few minutes. In other zones, the initiation on all strands takes several hours. Compact bands are free of replication initiation events, and the replication runs from outer edges to the middle, where band shapes may alter.","PeriodicalId":50698,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome Research","volume":"30 4","pages":"361-383"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9771856/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10569347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Rye B chromosomes differently influence the expression of A chromosome-encoded genes depending on the host species. 黑麦B染色体对A染色体编码基因表达的影响因寄主种类而异。

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-12-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09704-6

Anastassia Boudichevskaia, Anne Fiebig, Katrin Kumke, Axel Himmelbach, Andreas Houben

{"title":"Rye B chromosomes differently influence the expression of A chromosome-encoded genes depending on the host species.","authors":"Anastassia Boudichevskaia, Anne Fiebig, Katrin Kumke, Axel Himmelbach, Andreas Houben","doi":"10.1007/s10577-022-09704-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-022-09704-6","url":null,"abstract":"The B chromosome (B) is a dispensable component of the genome in many species. To evaluate the impact of Bs on the transcriptome of the standard A chromosomes (A), comparative RNA-seq analyses of rye and wheat anthers with and without additional rye Bs were conducted. In both species, 5-6% of the A-derived transcripts across the entire genomes were differentially expressed in the presence of 2Bs. The GO term enrichment analysis revealed that Bs influence A chromosome encoded processes like \"gene silencing\"; \"DNA methylation or demethylation\"; \"chromatin silencing\"; \"negative regulation of gene expression, epigenetic\"; \"post-embryonic development\"; and \"chromosome organization.\" 244 B chromosome responsive A-located genes in + 2B rye and + B wheat shared the same biological function. Positively correlated with the number of Bs, 939 and 1391 B-specific transcripts were identified in + 2B and + 4B wheat samples, respectively. 85% of B-transcripts in + 2B were also found in + 4B transcriptomes. 297 B-specific transcripts were identified in + 2B rye, and 27% were common to the B-derived transcripts identified in + B wheat. Bs encode mobile elements and housekeeping genes, but most B-transcripts were without detectable similarity to known genes. Some of these genes are involved in cell division-related functions like Nuf2 and might indicate their importance in maintaining Bs. The transcriptome analysis provides new insights into the complex interrelationship between standard A chromosomes and supernumerary B chromosomes.","PeriodicalId":50698,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome Research","volume":"30 4","pages":"335-349"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9771852/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10568641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Meiotic drive in house mice: mechanisms, consequences, and insights for human biology. 家鼠的减数分裂驱动：机制、后果和对人类生物学的启示。

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-07-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09697-2

Uma P Arora, Beth L Dumont

{"title":"Meiotic drive in house mice: mechanisms, consequences, and insights for human biology.","authors":"Uma P Arora, Beth L Dumont","doi":"10.1007/s10577-022-09697-2","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10577-022-09697-2","url":null,"abstract":"Meiotic drive occurs when one allele at a heterozygous site cheats its way into a disproportionate share of functional gametes, violating Mendel's law of equal segregation. This genetic conflict typically imposes a fitness cost to individuals, often by disrupting the process of gametogenesis. The evolutionary impact of meiotic drive is substantial, and the phenomenon has been associated with infertility and reproductive isolation in a wide range of organisms. However, cases of meiotic drive in humans remain elusive, a finding that likely reflects the inherent challenges of detecting drive in our species rather than unique features of human genome biology. Here, we make the case that house mice (Mus musculus) present a powerful model system to investigate the mechanisms and consequences of meiotic drive and facilitate translational inferences about the scope and potential mechanisms of drive in humans. We first detail how different house mouse resources have been harnessed to identify cases of meiotic drive and the underlying mechanisms utilized to override Mendel's rules of inheritance. We then summarize the current state of knowledge of meiotic drive in the mouse genome. We profile known mechanisms leading to transmission bias at several established drive elements. We discuss how a detailed understanding of meiotic drive in mice can steer the search for drive elements in our own species. Lastly, we conclude with a prospective look into how new technologies and molecular tools can help resolve lingering mysteries about the prevalence and mechanisms of selfish DNA transmission in mammals.","PeriodicalId":50698,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome Research","volume":"30 2-3","pages":"165-186"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9509409/pdf/nihms-1810775.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"10505576","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

A meiotic driver alters sperm form and function in house mice: a possible example of spite. 减数分裂驱动因素改变家鼠精子的形态和功能：一个可能的例子

IF 2.4 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-09-01 Epub Date: 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09695-4

Lennart Winkler, Anna K Lindholm

{"title":"A meiotic driver alters sperm form and function in house mice: a possible example of spite.","authors":"Lennart Winkler, Anna K Lindholm","doi":"10.1007/s10577-022-09695-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s10577-022-09695-4","url":null,"abstract":"The ability to subvert independent assortment of chromosomes is found in many meiotic drivers, such as the t haplotype in house mice Mus musculus, in which the t-bearing chromosomal homolog is preferentially transmitted to offspring. This is explained by a poison-antidote system, in which developing + and t sperm in testes of + /t males are exposed to 'poison' coded by t loci, from which t sperm are protected, allowing t sperm an overwhelming fertilisation advantage in monogamous matings. This system is thought to result in poorly and normally motile sperm subpopulations within + /t sperm, leaving t sperm unharmed. Conversely, we found that the fastest quartile of sperm from + /t males swam more slowly, both forwards and along their travel path, and had reduced straightness and linearity, compared to the fastest quartile of + / + sperm. Moreover, sperm from + /t males had shorter tails and narrower heads than + / + sperm, and these morphological differences covaried with motility differences. Finally, + /t traits did not show evidence of bimodal distributions. We conclude that the t haplotype drive results in lasting damage to the motility of both + and t developing sperm, although previous studies indicate that + must be more harmed than t sperm. This damage to all sperm may explain the low success of + /t males in sperm competition with + / + males, seen in earlier studies. We propose that the harm the t causes to itself could be termed 'spiteful', which may also be common to other gamete-harming meiotic drive systems.","PeriodicalId":50698,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome Research","volume":"30 1","pages":"151-164"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC9508062/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45226944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Non-Mendelian segregation and transmission drive of B chromosomes B染色体的非孟德尔分离与传递驱动

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09692-7

J. Camacho

引用次数: 4

The maize abnormal chromosome 10 meiotic drive haplotype: a review 玉米异常染色体10减数分裂驱动单倍型的研究进展

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09693-6

R. Dawe

引用次数: 6

The fate of a suppressed X-linked meiotic driver: experimental evolution in Drosophila simulans 被抑制的X连锁减数分裂驱动因子的命运：模拟果蝇的实验进化

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-05-30 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09698-1

Héloïse Bastide, D. Ogereau, C. Montchamp-Moreau, P. R. Gérard

引用次数: 1

Mendelian nightmares: the germline-restricted chromosome of songbirds 孟德尔梦魇：鸣禽种系限制性染色体

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-04-13 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09688-3

P. Borodin, Augustin Chen, W. Forstmeier, Simone Fouché, L. Malinovskaya, Yifan Pei, Radka Reifová, Francisco J. Ruiz-Ruano, Stephen A. Schlebusch, Manuelita Sotelo-Muñoz, A. Torgasheva, Niki Vontzou, Alexander Suh

引用次数: 8

The non-Mendelian behavior of plant B chromosomes 植物B染色体的非孟德尔行为

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-04-12 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09687-4

Jianyong Chen, J. Birchler, A. Houben

引用次数: 8

CTCF supports preferentially short lamina-associated domains. CTCF优先支持短层相关结构域。

IF 2.6 4区生物学

Chromosome Research Pub Date : 2022-03-03 DOI: 10.1007/s10577-022-09686-5

Lukasz Stanislaw Kaczmarczyk,Nehora Levi,Tamar Segal,Mali Salmon-Divon,Gabi Gerlitz

{"title":"CTCF supports preferentially short lamina-associated domains.","authors":"Lukasz Stanislaw Kaczmarczyk,Nehora Levi,Tamar Segal,Mali Salmon-Divon,Gabi Gerlitz","doi":"10.1007/s10577-022-09686-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10577-022-09686-5","url":null,"abstract":"More than one third of the mammalian genome is in a close association with the nuclear lamina, thus these genomic regions were termed lamina-associated domains (LADs). This association is fundamental for many aspects of chromatin biology including transcription, replication, and DNA damage repair. LADs association with the nuclear envelope is thought to be dependent on two major mechanisms: The first mechanism is the interaction between nuclear membrane proteins such as LBR with heterochromatin modifications that are enriched in LADs chromatin. The second mechanism is based on proteins that bind the borders of the LADs and support the association of the LADs with the nuclear envelope. Two factors were suggested to support the second mechanism: CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) and YY1 based on their enriched binding to LADs borders. However, this mechanism has not been proven yet at a whole genome level. Here, to test if CTCF supports the LADs landscape, we generated melanoma cells with a partial loss of function (pLoF) of CTCF by the CRISPR-Cas9 system and determined the LADs landscape by lamin B ChIP-seq analysis. We found that under regular growth conditions, CTCF pLoF led to modest changes in the LADs landscape that included an increase in the signal of 2% of the LADs and a decrease in the signal of 8% of the LADs. However, CTCF importance for the LADs landscape was much higher upon induction of a chromatin stress. We induced chromatin stress by inhibiting RNA polymerase II, an intervention that is known to alter chromatin compaction and supercoiling. Notably, only in CTCF pLoF cells, the chromatin stress led to the dissociation of 7% of the LADs from the lamina. The CTCF-dependent LADs had almost three times shorter median length than the non-affected LADs, were enriched in CTCF binding at their borders, and were higher in their facultative-status (cell-type specific). Thus, it appears that CTCF is a key factor in facilitating the association of short facultative LADs with the nuclear lamina upon chromatin stress.","PeriodicalId":50698,"journal":{"name":"Chromosome Research","volume":"308 ","pages":"123-136"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2022-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138506745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0