Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria最新文献_第5页

Sheep and goat grazing diets on an annual Mediterranean grassland containing tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum (PODP.)) 在每年一度的地中海草原上放牧的绵羊和山羊，草原上有高大的麦草（Thinopyrum ponticum（PODP.））

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-12-26 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1836

G. Castellaro, A. Urra, A. Hidalgo, Laura Orellana, P. C. J. Escanilla

{"title":"Sheep and goat grazing diets on an annual Mediterranean grassland containing tall wheatgrass (Thinopyrum ponticum (PODP.))","authors":"G. Castellaro, A. Urra, A. Hidalgo, Laura Orellana, P. C. J. Escanilla","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1836","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1836","url":null,"abstract":"The development of mixed grazing systems is an interesting alternative for the utilization of rangelands with ecological and/or economic limitations; therefore, the study of patterns and eating habits of different species in the same grazing area is important. A mixed grazing study was carried out on a Mediterranean grassland sown with Thinopyrum ponticum 30 years ago (Rinconada de Maipu, Chile 33o 28’S; 70o 51ʼ W) with the purpose of quantifying the botanical composition, dietary overlap and selectivity indexes of the main grass species consumed by goats and sheep. Trophic behavior was studied in seven young Suffolk Down rams, seven young Merino-Precoz rams and seven young Boer-Criollo bucks grazing together during three grassland phenological stages. During the grassland vegetative stage, diets were mainly composed of annual grasses and forbs. Perennial grasses dominated the animals’ diets during the reproductive and dry grassland stages. The diversity of the goats’ diets was higher than that of the sheep, demonstrating greater plasticity in their dietary habits. However, in this environment, both species behaved as generalist herbivores. The level of diet overlap between the sheep and goats was high, especially when grazing during the grassland reproductive and dry phenological stages, suggesting potential competition during lower forage quality stages.","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41877661","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Resistance inducers and biochemical mechanisms in the control of anthracnose in cowpea 豇豆炭疽病抗性诱导剂及其防治生化机制

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-12-26 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1962

Jéssica Fratani Da Silva, M. J. L. Medeiros, J. T. Oliveira, É. Medeiros, C. Souza-Motta, K. Moreira

{"title":"Resistance inducers and biochemical mechanisms in the control of anthracnose in cowpea","authors":"Jéssica Fratani Da Silva, M. J. L. Medeiros, J. T. Oliveira, É. Medeiros, C. Souza-Motta, K. Moreira","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1962","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1962","url":null,"abstract":"Different responses are observed in plants after infection by pathogens. The usage of systemic inducers, whether biotic or abiotic, has the function to increase the enzymatic production of the plant defense system. In that sense, our present research aims to evaluate the disease severity of anthracnose in the cowpea cultivar “sempre-verde” infected with Colletotrichum lindemuthianum URM 5771 and subjected to both biotic and abiotic resistance inducers, as well as evaluate the enzymatic activity of plant defense. The experiment was performed in a greenhouse with a completely randomized splitplot design with six treatments: four abiotic plant resistance inducers, acibenzolar-S-methyl, β-aminobutyric acid, chitosan, and salicylic acid; one biotic inducer, the filamentous fungi Trichoderma aureoviride URM 5158; and a control with only water. The plant leaves were sampled at four time points, 4, 8, 12 and 20 days after inoculation with the plant pathogen, to measure the enzymatic activity of β-1,3-glucanase, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenoloxidase, and protease. The abiotic inducers acibenzolar-S-methyl, β-aminobutyric acid, and chitosan and the biotic inducer presented the highest potential in reducing the anthracnose caused by C. lindemuthianum URM 5771 in cowpea plants by showing the lowest values of injury severity over time. The disease progression showed a proportionate shift in enzymatic activity in that the inducers salicylic acid and T. aureoviride URM 5158 promoted the highest enzymatic activity when compared to the other inducers. High correlations between the enzymatic activity of peroxidase and polyphenoloxidase and anthracnose severity were observed in cowpea plants. The use of abiotic and biotic resistance inducers presents high potential for anthracnose control in cowpea plants; however, more studies should be carried out covering different environments, plant cultivars and climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.7764/RCIA.V45I3.1962","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46208429","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Structural Quality of a Latosol Cultivated with Oilseed in Succession to Corn 玉米与油籽连作红壤的结构质量

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1815

A. Bergamin, A. Vitorino, É. T. A. Prado, F. R. D. Souza, M. Mauad, L. C. F. D. Souza

{"title":"Structural Quality of a Latosol Cultivated with Oilseed in Succession to Corn","authors":"A. Bergamin, A. Vitorino, É. T. A. Prado, F. R. D. Souza, M. Mauad, L. C. F. D. Souza","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1815","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1815","url":null,"abstract":"Mechanized operations on soils with inadequate moisture cause compaction and are deleterious to soil quality. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of different oilseed crop successions on the structural quality of a clayey Rhodic Hapludox. Sunflower ( Helianthus annuus L.), canola ( Brassica napus L. and Brassica rapa ), safflower ( Carthamus tinctorius L.), crambe ( Crambe abyssinica Hochst.), and niger ( Guizotia abyssinica ) were sown in autumn/winter in a no-tillage system in succession to corn grown in the summer and soybean/corn grown in summer/autumn-winter. When the autumn-winter crops began to grow, soil samples were collected in metallic cylinders at 0.0–0.05 m and 0.05–0.10 m depths. Analyses of the optimal water interval in each crop succession at the 0.0–0.05 m layer indicated that the corn/safflower and corn/crambe successions reduced the structural quality of the soil. The autumn-winter niger crop in succession to summer corn improved the soil structure at 0.0–0.05 m and 0.05–0.10 m when compared with the soil cultivated with the soybean/corn succession. The niger crop is an effective crop rotation alternative that improves the physical quality of the soil under no-tillage systems.","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":"36 1","pages":"169-180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74448487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Analysis of growth curves of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) fed diets containing dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) in an organic system 有机系统中添加干牛至叶的珍珠鸡生长曲线分析

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1833

H. Eleroğlu, A. Yıldırım, Ali Canikli, M. Duman, Hüdaverdi Bircan

{"title":"Analysis of growth curves of Guinea fowl (Numida meleagris) fed diets containing dry oregano (Origanum vulgare L.) in an organic system","authors":"H. Eleroğlu, A. Yıldırım, Ali Canikli, M. Duman, Hüdaverdi Bircan","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1833","url":null,"abstract":"In this study, 240 day-old guinea fowl ( Numida meleagris ) keets were utilized. They were divided into four treatment groups each containing 20 chicks and were randomly distributed into 12 mobile coops placed in a 100-m2 grazing area. Guinea fowl chicks were randomly allocated to 4 treatment diets containing 0%, 5%, 10%, and 15% dry oregano leaf (DOL) supplements. Nonlinear Gompertz and logistic growth models were used to estimate the mean age-body weight. The growth curve parameters for these models and the following characteristics for fowl were estimated: β0, the asymptotic weight parameter; β1, the scaling parameter; β2, the instantaneous per week growth rate; weight at age of inflection point (WIP); maximum weight gain at inflection point (MWG); and age at the inflection point (AIP). The goodness of fit (GF) for the models was assessed using the following variables: coefficients of determination (r2), mean square error (MSE), adjusted determination coefficient (ADR2), Akaike’s information criteria (AIC), chi-square test (Chi.Sq2) and residual standard deviation (RSD). The different nonlinear function results of the individual data indicated that supplementation of diets with DOL had no significant effects on growth curve parameters when compared with the control diet. Greater correlation values were estimated among β0, β1, β2, WIP, MWG and AIP in the Gompertz equation, and similar results were estimated in the logistic equation, but there was no significant correlation between β2-β1 and β2-MWG. According to the results obtained from the GF, high r2 and ADR2 were estimated in Gompertz and logistic equations (above 0.96).","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":"18 1","pages":"99-108"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85502882","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Multi-element analysis and differentiation of Chilean wines using mineral composition and multivariate statistics 利用矿物成分和多元统计对智利葡萄酒进行多元素分析和鉴别

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1883

Yaneris Mirabal-Gallardo, María A. Caroca, L. Muñoz, Macarena Meneses, V. F. Laurie

引用次数: 4

Carbohydrate and protein fractioning of grass silages added with dehydrated barley residue 添加脱水大麦渣对青贮牧草碳水化合物和蛋白质的分馏

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1807

D. Ferreira, A. Zanine, R. P. Lana, A. L. Souza, F. Negrão, L. Geron, H. Parente, M. Parente

引用次数: 1

Physiological, phenological and productive responses of tomato (Solanum licopersicum L.) plants treated with QuitoMax 基托莫司对番茄植株生理、物候及产量的影响

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1943

Juan José Reyes- Pérez, Emmanuel Alexander Enríquez-Acosta, B. M. Amador, Miguel Angel Ramírez-Arrebato, Aida Tania Rodríguez-Pedroso, Liliana Lara-Capistrán, L. Hernández-Montiel

{"title":"Physiological, phenological and productive responses of tomato (Solanum licopersicum L.) plants treated with QuitoMax","authors":"Juan José Reyes- Pérez, Emmanuel Alexander Enríquez-Acosta, B. M. Amador, Miguel Angel Ramírez-Arrebato, Aida Tania Rodríguez-Pedroso, Liliana Lara-Capistrán, L. Hernández-Montiel","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1943","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1943","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of this study was to evaluate the foliar application of the biostimulant QuitoMax at concentrations 100, 200, 300 and 400 mg·ha-1 in comparison to a control without the application of QuitoMax on the height and stem thickness of tomato plants. The durations of the plant phenological phases, productive indicators (the number of fruit, bunches per plant, the number of fruits per bunches, the polar and equatorial diameters of the fruit, the mass of the fruit and crop yield), the quality of the fruit expressed as the total soluble solids and acidity, and the commercial quality of the harvested fruits were also evaluated. The highest concentrations of QuitoMax (300 and 400 mg·ha-1) were found to produce the most vigorous plants, lengthened the duration of the plant phenophases, and resulted in significantly higher values in the production indicators, including the fresh mass of the fruits and performance. Additionally, they produced fruits with a higher content of total soluble solids.","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":"116 1","pages":"120-127"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81775318","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 8

Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators 以发芽率和生物量为生物指标的造纸厂颗粒废弃物毒性研究

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1865

P. Undurraga, J. Hirzel, J. Celis, Carla Pérez, M. Sandoval

{"title":"Toxicity of paper mill pelletized waste using germination and biomass production as bioindicators","authors":"P. Undurraga, J. Hirzel, J. Celis, Carla Pérez, M. Sandoval","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1865","url":null,"abstract":"The use of wood residues to produce energy and steam in the pulp and paper industry generates ash waste and sewage sludge that contain nutrients for plants as a potential fertilizer. The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible toxic effects of pelletized waste from the pulp and paper industry using bioindicators. Two controlled experiments were conducted with radish seeds and perennial ryegrass seeds: an experiment to determine the germination index and root growth in soil extracts incubated with pelletized waste, and a pot experiment with ryegrass seeds sown in an amended Alfisol with pelletized wastes in which aerial and root biomass production was determined. The results indicate that the Alfisol amended with pelletized waste did not exhibit any acute or sub-acute toxic effects in radish germination. None of the evaluated pellets showed evidence of deterioration in root elongation, including at a 40 Mg ha-1 dose. The highest root growth was with pellet 2, with ash and sludge at the 40 Mg ha-1 dose, which was higher than that in the control treatment (p<0.05). Seed germination was between 93.9% and 100%. The highest ryegrass aerial biomass occurred with pellets 1 and 2 (p<0.05). Pelletized waste from the paper industry exhibited neither mild nor acute effects of toxicity in both radish seed germination and aerial and root biomass production of ryegrass sown in degraded soil.","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":"94 1","pages":"147-157"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"77600550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Influence of fire on soil and vegetation properties in two contrasting forest sites in Central México 火灾对青海中部两个不同林点土壤和植被特性的影响

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1798

J. Capulín-Grande, A. Suárez-Islas, R. Rodriguez-Laguna, J. J. Mateo-Sánchez, Ramón Razo-Zárate, Miriam Islas-Santillán

{"title":"Influence of fire on soil and vegetation properties in two contrasting forest sites in Central México","authors":"J. Capulín-Grande, A. Suárez-Islas, R. Rodriguez-Laguna, J. J. Mateo-Sánchez, Ramón Razo-Zárate, Miriam Islas-Santillán","doi":"10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1798","url":null,"abstract":"Fire produces changes in vegetation, soil, fauna, and water quality, and it can even modify atmospheric chemical composition. Changes in soil fertility, microorganisms and vegetation were evaluated after a fire in two municipalities in the State of Hidalgo, Mexico. Inside and outside the burned area, four 100 m2 plots were established. In each of the eight plots, soil samples were collected at two depths (0–5 and 5–20 cm) in the following areas: non-burned area (NBA); 15 days after fire (15DAF); and 12 and 24 months after the fire (MAF). Vegetation quantification was carried out at 30, 180 and 540 DAF. The results at 15DAF showed an increase of alkaline and metallic elements as well as pH in the surface layer, and this trend remained the same to 12MAF. There was greater Fe, Mn and Zn content in Zacualtipan and greater K, Ca, Mg and P in Singuilucan. At 24MAF, due to the nutrient requirements of the herbaceous and scrub growth, this effect was reverted. The fire reduced the organic matter (OM) and total nitrogen (TN) contents, without any recovery during the evaluated period. Bacteria showed greater mortality because of the fire: 76% and 50% at the Zacualtipan and Singuilucan sites, respectively. The canopy opening promoted a 50% increase of species in Zacualtipan. In conclusion, the fire temporarily increased soil fertility and the presence of herbaceous vegetation, but it reduced the bacteria and fungi populations.","PeriodicalId":50695,"journal":{"name":"Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria","volume":"40 3 1","pages":"128-137"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83657622","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 2

Morphological characterization of sweet chestnut fruits from forest plantations in central Chile 智利中部森林种植园甜栗子果实的形态特征

Ciencia E Investigacion Agraria Pub Date : 2018-08-30 DOI: 10.7764/RCIA.V45I2.1808

S. Benedetti, F. Balocchi, Marta González, P. García-Chevesich

引用次数: 4