Tobias A Wagner-Altendorf, Marcus Heldmann, Thomas F Münte
{"title":"Limited Impact of Object Attributes on Event-related Potentials During an Implicit Word Reading Task.","authors":"Tobias A Wagner-Altendorf, Marcus Heldmann, Thomas F Münte","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000393","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000393","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Previous research in cognitive science has focused on the encoding and activation of sensory-based object knowledge in the brain during language comprehension, including aspects such as appearance, movement, and taste.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate how different object-related attributes affect event-related potentials (ERPs), specifically the N400 component, during word processing in an implicit task setting.</p><p><strong>Method: </strong>We embedded a set of 420 critical nouns within a list of 2,745 total words and asked 240 participants to read each one, but to respond only to words denoting colors. We categorized each noun by attributes such as familiarity, smell, pain, taste, sound, graspability, and motion. We focused primarily on changes in the N400 component, indicative of semantic processing, across nouns with different attributes.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The least familiar stimuli elicited the strongest N400 response, indicating significant ERP variability across familiarity levels with more positive amplitudes for highly familiar stimuli. Among the attributes examined, only the attribute of smell demonstrated a notable, though isolated, increase in N400 amplitude. Other attributes, including pain, taste, sound, graspability, and visual motion showed no significant differences in N400 responses, suggesting a minimal influence on semantic processing in this context.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These results suggest that the specific sensory attributes of objects have limited influence on the N400 component of ERPs in implicit reading tasks, highlighting the complexity of semantic networks in cognitive processing. The subtlety of ERP modulations driven by object-related attributes points to the need for further exploration into how these attributes interact within semantic networks during cognitive tasks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144051196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Jeff Schaffert, William Goette, Trung Nguyen, Alka Khera, Robert Ruchinskas
{"title":"The Clinical Value of NeuroQuant Hippocampal Volumes and Hippocampal Occupancy Scores in an Academic Medical Center Memory Clinic.","authors":"Jeff Schaffert, William Goette, Trung Nguyen, Alka Khera, Robert Ruchinskas","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000390","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000390","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>NeuroQuant volumetric data proposes to assist clinical diagnoses of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer disease (AD) through normative hippocampal volume measurements (HVs) and hippocampal occupancy scores (HOCs). We investigated the diagnostic utility of NeuroQuant HVs and HOCs within an academic memory disorders clinic.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Participants (n = 181) underwent neurologic examination, MRI with NeuroQuant, and neuropsychological assessment. Clinical diagnoses included subjective cognitive concerns (n = 39), non-amnestic MCI (n = 33), amnestic MCI (n = 74), AD (n = 35). Objective memory impairment (n = 125) was determined using actuarial criteria (≥2 memory measures ≤1.5 SD below the mean) for each participant. Differences in HVs and HOCs were assessed using ANOVA and χ2, while Pearson correlations examined their relationship with the California Verbal Learning Test-2nd Edition (CVLT-II). Receiver operator characteristic curves were used to calculate sensitivity, specificity, predictive values, Youden's Index, and predictive summary index scores.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Participants with amnestic MCI, AD, and objective memory impairment had lower HVs and HOCs and a higher frequency of hippocampal atrophy (≤5th percentile) than participants with subjective cognitive concerns, non-amnestic MCI, and no objective memory impairment (P's <0.05). However, the sensitivity (0.31-0.77) and specificity (0.68-0.91) of HVs and HOCs were variable for determining objective memory impairment, and correlations with the CVLT-II were modest (r = 0.20-0.44).</p><p><strong>Discussion: </strong>NeuroQuant HVs and HOCs were lower in participants with amnestic MCI, AD, and memory impairment, but had poor sensitivity and specificity to predict memory impairment, and only a modest association with measurable memory impairment. These measures should be used cautiously as supporting diagnostic tools.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144031209","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yanghong Yang, David Matuskey, Christopher F A Benjamin, Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh
{"title":"Self-Inflicted Head Injury in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia with Compulsive Behaviors: A Case Report.","authors":"Yanghong Yang, David Matuskey, Christopher F A Benjamin, Arman Fesharaki-Zadeh","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000392","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000392","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we present the case of a 56-year-old right-handed White male who developed osteomyelitis and empyema after repetitive compulsive excoriation rituals. His recent history included profound personality changes, apathy, loss of empathy, limited insight, behavioral agitation, and episodic memory loss. In addition to these progressive behavioral deficits, he had significant difficulties with executive functioning, leading to the loss of his job and inability to independently perform instrumental activities of daily living. Brain MRI showed asymmetric enlargement of the right lateral ventricle and mild asymmetric parenchymal volume loss in the right hippocampus. 18F-FDG PET imaging revealed severe hypometabolism in the right hemisphere. Based on this individual's clinical presentation, reported history, and neuroimaging findings, we concluded that his condition was most consistent with a diagnosis of behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD), rather than another psychiatric diagnosis. This case illustrates the importance of differentiating between bvFTD and other psychiatric disorders, as well as the need for further studies to improve clinicians' ability to do so at earlier stages.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144006516","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Primary Tauopathy With Logopenic/Semantic Mixed Progressive Aphasia and Frontotemporal Dementia-like Behavior.","authors":"Akihiro Takasaki, Yoshiyuki Nishio, Yuto Satake, Matasaburo Kobayashi, Mariko Sakai, Kohji Mori, Kazunari Ishii, Manabu Ikeda","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000391","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000391","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Here we present the cases of two individuals with language and behavioral symptoms indicative of the early clinical manifestations of both Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD). Phonological language symptoms similar to those evident in logopenic variant primary progressive aphasia suggested AD pathology, while semantic impairment and behavioral changes (ie, abnormal eating behavior and disinhibition) suggested a diagnosis of FTLD. Multimodal neuroimaging studies revealed underlying neuropathology indicative of primary tauopathy with presumable 3/4-repeat isoform, devoid of amyloid deposition. We suggest that these cases may represent a previously unrecognized syndrome associated with non-Alzheimer primary tauopathy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144027244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Validating the Telephone Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale-Hindi as a Remote Screening Tool for Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Rubina Mulchandani, Udita Grover, Shomik Ray, Sheetal Gandotra, Rajinder K Dhamija, Tanica Lyngdoh","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000389","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a neurocognitive disorder that adversely affects cognitive function and is often a precursor to dementia. Early diagnosis of MCI can guide timely treatment and delay dementia onset. The Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) is an effective screening tool for MCI. Remotely administered versions of the MoCA have gained popularity during the recent pandemic.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>This study aimed to validate a new Hindi version of the Telephone MoCA (T-MoCA) in older adult outpatients at a tertiary hospital in Delhi, India.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We developed and validated a Hindi version of the T-MoCA (T-MoCA-Hindi) using the previously validated MoCA-Hindi as the gold standard. We administered both instruments to older adult patients with a 2-week gap between sessions. To assess the reliability of the new T-MoCA-Hindi, we used the Bland-Altman plot and Cronbach alpha. We used a receiver operating characteristic curve to estimate accuracy.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>A total of 243 individuals enrolled in this study. The T-MoCA-Hindi and the MoCA-Hindi showed a high level of agreement. A Cronbach alpha of 0.84 indicated good internal consistency. The area under the curve in the receiver operating characteristic analysis was 93.5%, indicating excellent accuracy and validity and demonstrating high sensitivity and specificity at an optimal cut-off score of 18/19 points.</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>These findings show that the T-MoCA-Hindi is a valid tool for remote identification of MCI in India. The use of remote versions of diagnostic tools can be leveraged to conduct research when in-person approaches may not be feasible.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143702017","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Power of Prions: The Strange and Essential Proteins That Can Cause Alzheimer's, Parkinson's, and Other Diseases.","authors":"Howard S Kirshner","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000388","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000388","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607067","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"How We Age: The Science of Longevity.","authors":"Howard S Kirshner","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000384","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000384","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"33-34"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142980526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Voluntary Swallowing Initiation Difficulty After Dorsomedial Prefrontal Cortex Damage: A Case Report.","authors":"Nanae Motojima, Michitaka Funayama, Asuka Nakajima, Tomoyuki Nakamura, Mikoto Baba, Shusuke Kobayashi","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000383","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000383","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The dorsomedial prefrontal cortex plays a critical role in movement initiation, and damage to this area can impair this function. Here we present the case of an individual who had difficulty with voluntary initiation of liquid swallowing after surgical removal of a glioblastoma from the right dorsomedial prefrontal cortex. This individual had no difficulty swallowing solids, perhaps because of the additional external movement triggers (eg, chewing) involved. Liquid swallowing involves fewer movement triggers and requires a quicker application of force during the oral propulsive phase when liquids are transferred from the oral cavity to the oropharynx. This individual did not have buccofacial apraxia or apraxia of speech, which are often associated with swallowing apraxia linked to damage in the precentral, premotor, and inferior frontal gyri. To our knowledge, few studies have focused on movement initiation impairments affecting the upper extremities and speech, and cases involving swallowing are notably rare.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"9-15"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142820061","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Late-onset CSF1R-related Disorder: A Case Report.","authors":"Lixue Chen, Haoyou Xu, Zhifu Lu","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000385","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000385","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CSF1R-related disorder, a catastrophic neurodegenerative disease, arises from genetic mutations in the colony-stimulating CSF1R. Initial misdiagnosis is common, as demonstrated by this case involving a 52-year-old female who presented with symptoms of limb numbness and weakness. Differential diagnosis first indicated Parkinsonism, lacunar infarction, and cervical spondylosis. Subsequently, however, this patient's clinical presentation evolved to include bradykinesia, cognitive decline, and a spectrum of neurological manifestations. A Pan-V2 assay revealed a heterozygous mutation in the CSF1R gene. Craniocerebral MRI showed cerebral infarctions, lacunar infarctions, and leukoaraiosis. Despite symptomatic treatments, our patient's clinical status continued to decline until her family chose to discontinue further medical interventions. This case underscores the diagnostic complexities of early detection of CSF1R-related disorders. It emphasizes the importance of including leukodystrophy in such differential diagnoses and the need for prompt genetic screening in patients who present with progressive leukoencephalopathy, especially when cerebrospinal fluid analysis is unremarkable.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"16-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142958450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"The Turkish Version of the Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment: Validity and Reliability in Chronic Stroke Survivors.","authors":"Nurten Bilgin, Gokcen Akyurek","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000382","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000382","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background: </strong>Evaluation of sensory functions in chronic stroke survivors is essential to plan and implement effective treatment and rehabilitation.</p><p><strong>Objective: </strong>To investigate the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Revised Nottingham Sensory Assessment (rNSA-T) in chronic stroke survivors.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>We applied the World Health Organization's translation protocols to develop the rNAS-T. We then tested its validity and reliability in 85 chronic stroke survivors using criterion validity and consistency for demographic variables, as well as test-retest and inter-rater reliability analyses.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>The criterion validity of the rNSA-T was supported by significant correlation between participants' scores on the rNSA-T, the Katz Index of Independence in Activities of Daily Living (Katz-AD) ( r = 0.430-0.674, P < 0.05), and the Rivermead Motor Assessment (RMA) ( r = 0.528-0.773, P < 0.05). rNSA-T results remained consistent across variables of sex and side affected by stroke ( P > 0.05). The test-retest reliability of the rNSA-T was excellent in all subdimensions (ICC = 0.865-1.000), as was the inter-rater reliability (κ = 0.875-1.000).</p><p><strong>Conclusion: </strong>The rNSA-T is a valid and reliable tool for evaluation of sensory functions in chronic stroke survivors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"1-8"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2025-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142814891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}