Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology最新文献

A World Appears: A Journey into Consciousness: Pollan M. 2026. New York: Penguin Press. 280 pages. List price: $23.09. 一个世界的出现：意识之旅：波伦。纽约：企鹅出版社，280页。标价：23.09美元。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-25 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000427

Howard S Kirshner

引用次数: 0

Parallel Distributed Processing and Other Computational Models: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Possibilities. 并行分布式处理和其他计算模型：优势、劣势和可能性。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-24 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000424

Stephen E Nadeau

{"title":"Parallel Distributed Processing and Other Computational Models: Strengths, Weaknesses, and Possibilities.","authors":"Stephen E Nadeau","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000424","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000424","url":null,"abstract":"Computational models have not found a place in either mainstream preclinical science or in the clinical science of cognitive function. In an effort to address this problem, I review the major computational models as they apply to brain function. These include parallel distributed processing (PDP) models, integrate and fire networks, brain in silico models, convolutional networks, statistical models, and others. I discuss PDP models in the greatest detail because they have most successfully accounted for a wide variety of behaviors in individuals who are healthy and those with brain damage. After discussing the strengths and weaknesses of all major models, I make proposals for further research. Due to the breadth of this review, a glossary of specialized terms is included in the Appendix, Supplemental Digital Content 1, http://links.lww.com/CBN/A155. The learning algorithms used in these models are problematic, including backpropagation in PDP models and unsupervised learning in others. Therefore, I review the extensive evidence that acetylcholine, delivered by the basal forebrain nuclei, both provides the crucial signal that Hebbian learning is to occur and enables that learning. Afferent input to these nuclei largely comes from the networks that represent subjective value, such as those in the orbitofrontal cortex. Of particular relevance to PDP models, a mechanism has recently been proposed by which backpropagation might occur in situ-triggered by acetylcholine-resulting in learning by virtue of the differential processing that occurs in dendrites and axons.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148303845","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Not Just for Adults: Transient Global Amnesia is Rare-But Possible-in Children. 不只是成年人：短暂性全身性健忘症在儿童中很少见，但也有可能。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-18 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000425

Nezir Özgün

{"title":"Not Just for Adults: Transient Global Amnesia is Rare-But Possible-in Children.","authors":"Nezir Özgün","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000425","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000425","url":null,"abstract":"Transient global amnesia (TGA) is a well-characterized neurological syndrome primarily affecting adults over the age of 50. It is marked by the sudden onset of anterograde amnesia with repetitive questioning while other cognitive functions remain intact. To date, only a few pediatric cases of TGA have been documented. Here we present the case of a previously healthy 9-year-old girl who developed sudden-onset anterograde amnesia, manifesting with repetitive stereotyped questions and temporal disorientation consistent with the \"broken record\" phenomenon. The patient's neurological examination and routine laboratory investigations were unremarkable. Brain MRI obtained within 4 hours of symptom onset was reported as normal, although the slice thickness exceeded the optimal parameters for detecting TGA-related lesions. EEG, urine toxicology screening, and cardiologic evaluation were all normal. The amnestic episode resolved spontaneously within 11 hours, and no recurrence was observed over 21 months of follow-up. The patient met all established diagnostic criteria for TGA, with no identifiable underlying etiology. TGA should be considered as a diagnostic option in children presenting with isolated acute amnesia and the characteristic \"broken record\" phenomenon, particularly when no alternative explanation can be identified after thorough differential diagnostic evaluation.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148266890","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Serum SIRT3 Levels and Their Relationship With Alzheimer Disease Pathological Markers in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment. 轻度认知障碍患者血清SIRT3水平及其与阿尔茨海默病病理标志物的关系

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-09 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000426

Jing Du, Zexin An, Xiaoning Niu, Yuanzhi Luo, Yonghui Jing, Aimei Yu

{"title":"Serum SIRT3 Levels and Their Relationship With Alzheimer Disease Pathological Markers in Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment.","authors":"Jing Du, Zexin An, Xiaoning Niu, Yuanzhi Luo, Yonghui Jing, Aimei Yu","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000426","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/WNN.0000000000000426","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) sits between normal aging and Alzheimer disease (AD). Identification of accessible serum biomarkers linked with Alzheimer pathology may facilitate early detection and intervention, potentially delaying disease progression.Objective: To explore the associations between serum sirtuin-3 (SIRT3) levels in individuals with MCI with AD pathological markers related to cognitive function.Methods: This prospective observational study included 106 participants with MCI and 100 age- and sex-matched cognitively healthy controls (HC). We quantified SIRT3, inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and IL-17), and AD biomarkers (Aβ40, Aβ42, and p-Tau) by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We used standardized neuropsychological tests to assess cognitive function. Logistic regression and receiver operating characteristic curve analyses were conducted to evaluate the diagnostic potential of serum SIRT3.Results: SIRT3 levels were significantly lower in individuals with MCI compared to HC (p < 0.05). Individuals with MCI exhibited decreased serum Aβ42, reduced Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, and increased p-Tau levels (p < 0.05). SIRT3 levels were positively correlated with cognitive performance scores, positively associated with Aβ42 and Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio, and negatively correlated with p-Tau levels. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis demonstrated that SIRT3 had promising diagnostic value in differentiating individuals with MCI from HC. Logistic regression analysis identified lower SIRT3 levels, reduced Aβ42, and a decreased Aβ42/Aβ40 ratio as significant independent risk factors for MCI.Conclusion: Reduced SIRT3 levels were associated with cognitive impairment and AD biomarkers in individuals with MCI, suggesting that SIRT3 might serve as a novel, minimally invasive adjunctive biomarker for early identification of MCI.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148273813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Refining the Parkinson's Disease Risk Estimator for Decline In Cognition Tool (PREDICT). 改进帕金森病认知能力下降风险评估工具（PREDICT）。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000419

Tara C Carlisle, Lauren B Gunn-Sandell, William L Lippitt, Shuai Zhu, Luis D Medina, Samantha K Holden, Amy W Amara, Brianne M Bettcher, Nichole E Carlson

{"title":"Refining the Parkinson's Disease Risk Estimator for Decline In Cognition Tool (PREDICT).","authors":"Tara C Carlisle, Lauren B Gunn-Sandell, William L Lippitt, Shuai Zhu, Luis D Medina, Samantha K Holden, Amy W Amara, Brianne M Bettcher, Nichole E Carlson","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000419","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000419","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Although cognitive decline in Parkinson disease (PD) is common, there are currently no easily accessible clinical tools to predict the risk of cognitive decline in PD.Objective: To refine a tool to predict cognitive decline in PD and identify potentially modifiable factors.Methods: We used neuropsychological scores from the Parkinson's Progression Markers Initiative de novo PD cohort to calculate a composite cognitive score (CCS) for each participant. Participants with a decrease of ≥0.5 SD in CCS between baseline and Year 4 were considered to have cognitive decline (PD-Decline), as predicted by conditional linear mixed modeling to account for nonignorable dropouts. We identified risk factors for PD-Decline using logistic regression and developed the PD Risk Estimator for Decline In Cognition Tool (PREDICT) scoring system using the regression β coefficients. The selected risk factors and the discriminative ability of the PREDICT scoring system were evaluated using bootstrapped samples.Results: Participants with excessive daytime sleepiness (odds ratio [OR]=2.8; 95% CI [1.3, 6.0]), moderate-severe motor symptoms (OR=2.6; 95% CI [1.2, 5.4]), and fewer years of formal education (OR=2.2; 95% CI [1.1, 4.1]) had significantly increased odds of being categorized as PD-decline. Possible PREDICT scores ranged from 0 to 3.5. The average bootstrap sensitivity and specificity were 59.9% and 43.5%, respectively.Conclusion: We identified excessive daytime sleepiness and moderate-severe motor symptoms as potentially modifiable factors. In the future, PREDICT may offer wider opportunities for personalized risk assessment and potential risk reduction.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"64-73"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC13220935/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147516444","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mysteries of the Social Brain: Understanding Human Behavior Through Science: Miller BL, Sturm V. New York: Routledge. 2024. 146 pages. List price $28.99. 社会大脑的奥秘：通过科学理解人类行为：米勒BL，斯特姆V.纽约：劳特利奇。2024。146页。标价28.99美元。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000421

Howard S Kirshner

引用次数: 0

Emotion Perception in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer Disease: The Parahippocampal Conundrum. 行为变异额颞叶痴呆和阿尔茨海默病的情绪知觉：海马旁难题。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000420

Ricardo Félix Morais, Diana Duro, Ricardo Pires, Raquel Lemos, Marisa Lima, Tiago Gil Oliveira, Isabel Santana

{"title":"Emotion Perception in Behavioral Variant Frontotemporal Dementia and Alzheimer Disease: The Parahippocampal Conundrum.","authors":"Ricardo Félix Morais, Diana Duro, Ricardo Pires, Raquel Lemos, Marisa Lima, Tiago Gil Oliveira, Isabel Santana","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000420","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000420","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Emotion perception is the capacity that enables humans to correctly identify the cues that guide interpersonal interactions, forming the basis for social behavior. The parahippocampal cortex may contribute to emotion perception by mediating the associations between context and emotion. Individuals with behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) and Alzheimer disease (AD) appear to show deficits in this process. Investigating emotion perception impairment in these individuals could offer valuable insights into the underlying neurobiological mechanisms.Methods: Participants included a convenience sample of 29 individuals with bvFTD, 25 with AD, and a comparison group of 15 individuals without bvFTD or AD. We performed an extensive neuropsychological assessment and administered the Comprehensive Affect Testing System (CATS) to evaluate the emotion perception process. We then used multiple regression analysis to assess the relationship between CATS main quotient scores and parahippocampal thickness (P ≤ 0.001) obtained from MRI analysis.Results: Participants with bvFTD scored higher on cognitive tests than participants with AD but showed greater deficits in social behavior. On the CATS, participants with bvFTD had lower scores in all 3 emotional quotients (ie, face, prosody, and global), with a statistically significant correlation to parahippocampal thickness. Participants with AD showed milder deficits in all 3 emotion quotients, with no statistically significant correlation to parahippocampal thickness.Discussion: Our data suggest a significant emotion perception deficit in individuals with bvFTD and support the importance of the parahippocampal gyrus in context-emotion associations. Targeted rehabilitation with the objective of improving emotion perception deficits may be beneficial for individuals with bvFTD.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":"39 2","pages":"43-52"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148158935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Japanese Version of the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests in Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Validation. 日语版多发性硬化症的神经心理测试：初步验证。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000422

Shun Akaike, Nobuhiro Mifune, Ichiro Yabe, Mika Otsuki

{"title":"The Japanese Version of the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests in Multiple Sclerosis: A Preliminary Validation.","authors":"Shun Akaike, Nobuhiro Mifune, Ichiro Yabe, Mika Otsuki","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000422","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000422","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cognitive impairment is a common and disabling symptom in multiple sclerosis (MS).Objective: To examine the reliability and validity of the Japanese version of the Brief Repeatable Battery of Neuropsychological Tests (BRB‑N) and develop individualized classification thresholds for detecting cognitive impairment in MS.Method: Twenty‑two individuals with MS and 43 healthy controls completed the BRB‑N. We assessed internal consistency using Cronbach's α. Discriminative ability was evaluated with receiver operating characteristic analyses and Bayesian logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, and education. We derived classification thresholds using the Youden Index. Frequentist logistic regression served as a sensitivity analysis. Finally, we assessed parallel-form reliability by comparing versions A and B of the BRB-N in healthy controls using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.Results: The Japanese BRB‑N demonstrated acceptable internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.78) and stable model convergence (R‑hat ≤ 1.01, ESS ≥ 400). All measures achieved an area under the curve of ≥0.70, with scores on the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test 2 and 3 and the Symbol Digit Modalities Test showing the highest values (0.92, 0.92, and 0.87, respectively). Eight of 13 measures showed strong effects, with 95% highest posterior density intervals excluding 1 and posterior probabilities exceeding 95%. Frequentist analyses yielded consistent patterns. Parallel‑form comparisons between versions A and B showed no significant differences. A computational tool for individualized threshold estimation was developed.Conclusion: These preliminary findings support the reliability and potential clinical utility of the Japanese BRB‑N for MS.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"53-63"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700605","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Atypical Initial Manifestation of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease as Progressive Aphasia and Palinopsia: A Case Report. 散发性克雅氏病的不典型初始表现为进行性失语和失语1例。

IF 1.5 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-06-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000423

Hajar Alammar, Adam Moreno, Liam Wissinger, Daniel A Llano

{"title":"Atypical Initial Manifestation of Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob Disease as Progressive Aphasia and Palinopsia: A Case Report.","authors":"Hajar Alammar, Adam Moreno, Liam Wissinger, Daniel A Llano","doi":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000423","DOIUrl":"10.1097/WNN.0000000000000423","url":null,"abstract":"Sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder that causes rapidly progressive dementia. While it typically presents with cognitive decline, ataxia, and myoclonus, atypical presentations are increasingly recognized. Here we present the case of a 57-year-old male with the MM1 subtype of sCJD. He had an atypical presentation of progressive language difficulties and subtle visual disturbances, initially diagnosed as primary progressive aphasia. Brain MRI showed an indistinct left parietal-occipital T2 hyperintensity. Subsequent MRI scans of the brain taken over a period of several months showed left caudate diffusion restriction. EEG demonstrated left hemispheric slowing and bifrontal triphasic discharges. The patient also began exhibiting prominent visual disturbances and hallucinations, which are typically associated with the Heidenhain variant of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). However, his aphasia differed from the classic Heidenhain presentation. This case highlights that sCJD can be easily misdiagnosed as other neurological conditions due to its variable presentation, in this case, initially resembling primary progressive aphasia. Awareness of atypical presentations is crucial for early identification and diagnosis of sCJD.","PeriodicalId":50671,"journal":{"name":"Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology","volume":" ","pages":"74-79"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147700597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Mysteries of the Social Brain: Understanding Human Behavior Through Science: Miller BL, Sturm V. New York: Routledge. 2024. 146 pages. List price $28.99. 社会大脑的奥秘：通过科学理解人类行为：米勒BL，斯特姆V.纽约：劳特利奇。2024。146页。标价28.99美元。

IF 1.7 4区医学

Cognitive and Behavioral Neurology Pub Date : 2026-04-01 DOI: 10.1097/WNN.0000000000000421

Howard S Kirshner

引用次数: 0