Colombia Medica最新文献

{"title":"Práctica basada en la evidencia: creencias, actitudes, conocimientos y habilidades entre fisioterapeutas colombianos","authors":"R. Ramírez-Vélez, Jorge Enrique Correa-Bautista, Diana Isabel Muñoz-Rodríguez, Lorena Ramírez, Katherine González-Ruíz, Maria Andrea Dominguez-Sánchez, Diana Durán-Palomino, M. Girabent-Farrés, M. E. Flórez-López, M. C. Bagur-Calafat","doi":"10.25100/CM.V46I1.1654","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V46I1.1654","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main purpose of this study was to describe a group of Colombian physical therapists’ beliefs and attitudes towards Evidence-Based Practice (EBP), their education, knowledge and skills for implementing EBP, the use of relevant literature in clinical practice, access to and availability of scientific information and perceived barriers to including EBP in practice. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study which involved 1,064 Colombian physical therapists. The study used a 50-item screening questionnaire EBP developed to estimate attitudes, beliefs, knowledge and skills regarding. This instrument has been adapted and was validated previously in Colombia by Florez-Lopez et al. Results: The population mostly consisted of young females (77.2%) aged 22 to 29 years old (79.4%). Most respondents had an undergraduate degree (87.7%). The physical therapists stated that they had positive attitudes and beliefs regarding EBP, most of them answering that they agreed or strongly agreed that EBP is necessary (71.6%), the relevant literature is useful for practice (61.3%), EBP improves the quality of patient care (64.1%) and evidence helps in decision-making (44.5%). Forty-one percent of the respondents indicated that a lack of research skills was the most important barrier to the use of evidence in practice. Conclusion: The physical therapists reported that they had a positive attitude to EBP and were interested in learning about or improving the skills necessary to adopt EBP in their clinical practice. Article history:","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"57 1","pages":"33-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2015-03-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83225628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Injuries are not accidents: Towards a culture of prevention","authors":"F. Bonilla-Escobar, M. I. Gutiérrez","doi":"10.25100/CM.V45I3.1462","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V45I3.1462","url":null,"abstract":"Injuries are the result of an acute exposure to exhort of energy or a consequence of a deficiency in a vital element that exceeds physiological thresholds resulting threatens life. They are classified as intentional or unintentional. Injuries are considered a global health issue because they cause more than 5 million deaths per year worldwide and they are an important contributor to the burden of disease, especially affecting people of low socioeconomic status in low- and middle-income countries. A common misconception exists where injuries are thought to be the same as accidents; however, accidents are largely used as chance events, without taken in consideration that all these are preventable. This review discusses injuries and accidents in the context of road traffic and emphasizes injuries as preventable events. An understanding of the essence of injuries enables the standardization of terminology in public use and facilitates the development of a culture of prevention among all of us.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"5 1","pages":"132-135"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2014-09-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87434680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Valoración del crecimiento y del estado madurativo en población pediátrica y su importancia clínica","authors":"E. González, M. Aguilar","doi":"10.25100/CM.V43I1.1063","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V43I1.1063","url":null,"abstract":"El crecimiento y el desarrollo constituyen dos procesos organicos fisiologicos por los que los seres vivos incrementan su masa y maduran morfologicamente, y por ello, adquieren una plena capacidad funcional. Si se tiene en cuenta que el crecimiento en la especie humana muestra un ritmo discontinuo, esto es, alternancia de periodos de crecimiento rapido o fases de aceleracion con fases de desaceleracion, su estudio entre la poblacion pediatrica resultara complejo y se hace necesario el uso de modelos matematicos y estandares de referencia. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido llevar a cabo una revision acerca de los principales modelos o metodos existentes para analizar la curva de crecimiento durante la edad pediatrica, asi como los estandares de referencia mas importantes y los parametros de evaluacion del crecimiento.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"62 1","pages":"86-94"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87973464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Salivary cortisol levels as a predictor of preeclampsia in adolescents","authors":"Jaime Salvador Moysén, J. Aranda, Yolanda López, Mar Durán","doi":"10.25100/cm.v43i1.1058","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/cm.v43i1.1058","url":null,"abstract":"Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad del cortisol salivario como un predictor de preeclampsia en adolescentes. Metodos: Se realizo un estudio de casos y controles anidado en una cohorte.Se obtuvieron datos somatometricos, clinicos y bioquimicos, de un grupo de 100 mujeres adolescentes, embarazadas y sanas. Se les cuantifico cortisol salivario a las 8:00, 12:00 y 20:00 h en dos ocasiones durante el desarrollo de su proceso gestacional, antes de la semana 20 y despues de la semana 30. Los valores de cortisol obtenidos, tanto en el grupo de mujeres que permanecieron sanas, como en el que desarrollo preeclampsia, se compararon empleando las pruebas t de Student, Mann-Whitnney y Wilcoxon; tambien se estimaron los valores predictivos y la curva ROC para los valores de cortisol. Resultados: El grupo que se convirtio en casos presento valores de cortisol >14.9 nmol/L con un valor predictivo de 1 (100%) en relacion con la ocurrencia de preeclampsia; el grupo que fue seleccionado como control tuvo valores de cortisol <10.1 nmol/L con un valor predictivo de 1 (100%) en relacion con la no ocurrencia de preeclampsia. El punto de corte identificado -antes de la semana gestacional 20- en la curva ROC para las integrantes de toda la cohorte fue 13.9 nmol/L. Conclusiones: Los valores de cortisol salivario, que se obtuvieron en las dos evaluaciones realizadas a las integrantes de cada uno de los grupos, mostro diferencias estadisticamente significativas intergrupales a las 8:00 y 12:00 h del dia. Los valores obtenidos permiten establecer gradientes que separan antes de la semana 20, al grupo de mujeres saludables que desarrollaron un cuadro de preeclampsia del grupo de mujeres que no presentaron la enfermedad. Despues de la semana 30 los gradientes de cortisol entre el grupo con preeclampsia y el grupo control se definen mas nitidamente. La validacion de estos hallazgos en muestras poblacionales mayores permitira la implementacion de este procedimiento como","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"33 1","pages":"46-53"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89708639","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Perfil clínico epidemiológico de los pacientes con cáncer tratados en una institución de tercer nivel. Manizales, Colombia, 1995-2004","authors":"C. Villegas, José Arnoby Chacón, J. Cardona, Luz Ángela Correa","doi":"10.25100/CM.V43I1.1054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V43I1.1054","url":null,"abstract":"Antecedentes: Los diagnosticos de cancer son cada vez mayores y ello esta asociado con el aumento de la expectativa de vida, la exposicion a carcinogenos, la cobertura en salud, el tamizaje y la busqueda activa de casos. En Estados Unidos se diagnostican 1’000,000 de casos nuevos y mas de 500,000 muertes por ano. Los costos de la atencion y la incapacidad laboral son muy altos. En Colombia, el patron de ocurrencia de esta enfermedad se constituye en un problema de salud publica. En Manizales, en el ano 2004, se diagnosticaron 653 casos nuevos. Objetivo: Describir la poblacion con diagnostico de cancer atendida en el Instituto Oncologico (ION SA) de Manizales, Colombia, desde su fundacion en el ano 1995, hasta diciembre de 2004. Metodos: Se incluyeron 5,000 pacientes tratados durante 1995 a 2004. Las variables demograficas y clinicas se analizaron para establecer las frecuencias de presentacion y los principales aspectos del manejo y los resultados del tratamiento. Resultados: Edad promedio 57 anos +17.3; sexo femenino (65.6%); procedencia urbana (90.2%). La principal categoria ocupacional fue «Oficios varios» (61%) seguida de «Tecnico» (12.1%). Los diagnosticos con mayor frecuencia fueron cancer de mama (18.7%), cancer de cervix (13.1%), linfomas (7.7%), cancer colorectal (6.4%) y cancer gastrico (4.7%). La mayoria de los pacientes (69.1%) consulto despues de dos meses de presentar sintomas. Las etapas clinicas III y IV fueron las mas frecuentes en el momento de la consulta. Segun la escala de Karnofsky, la capacidad funcional era buena al inicio del tratamiento. El manejo general se hizo con cirugia, quimioterapia y radioterapia. La toxicidad medicamentosa se presento en 11.3% (567/5,000). La supervivencia a 5 anos para hombres y mujeres fue de 61.2% y 72.3%, respectivamente (p<0.05). Conclusion: El perfil clinico y epidemiologico de los pacientes atendidos en el ION SA, mantiene las tendencias mundialmente determinadas por otros estudios institucionales. Se resalta la posibilidad de hacer analisis secundarios, porque el registro institucional puede conducir a la mejor comprension del fenomeno local y de otras areas de atencion oncologica. Palabras clave: Cancer; Sobrevida; Tratamiento","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"7 1","pages":"11-18"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91068647","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Del ensayo y del error hasta EQUATOR Network","authors":"M. Gómez","doi":"10.25100/CM.V43I3.1217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V43I3.1217","url":null,"abstract":"14.00 The dissemination of science is grounded on the reliability and value of the research literature that, through an editorial process, expresses the necessary detail to meet the reproducibility and refutability demands that underlie the scientific method. Three roles are defined in this editorial process that the researcher may assume at differing times or simultaneously, from the beginning of his career to the end of professional life: those of author, reviewer and editor. Authorship is scientific initiation, and despite identifying ourselves with the scientific method in the development of the research, writing and publication of a manuscript are closer to the methodologies of trial and error during the editorial process. Writing courses on scientific articles favor the structuring of information; however, they cannot cover the individuality of methodological design, and depending on the demands and help provided through editorial work, the published article may have a variable quality that does not reflect the methodological rigor and results of the research that was carried out. Sooner or later, publishing an article means receiving a call from the journals to be a reviewer of another manuscript in which one might be considered an expert, and for this new role there is no schooling. Review guidelines are sent along with the document to be evaluated and these are used indiscriminately for a laboratory experiment, a clinical trial or a qualitative analysis, among others. Experience counts and an academic background may lead a reviewer to evaluate using more formative recommendations, while a more exacting researcher will highlight the weaknesses and points where the writing needs improvement.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"7 1","pages":"182-183"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80057419","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Breast intracystic papillary carcinoma with areas of infiltration. Report of two cases","authors":"M. Diaz, S. Gutiérrez, M. Gallo, Rosario Noguero Meseguera, I. Prieto","doi":"10.1234/1144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1234/1144","url":null,"abstract":"Intracystic papillary carcinoma of the breast associated with areas of infiltration, is a rare, constituting less than 1% of breast cancers. These are tumors whose initial radiological study shows lesions with low suspicion of malignancy in a high proportion of cases. We present two cases of intracystic papillary carcinoma, associated with infiltration diagnosed at the Breast Unit of Hospital Infanta Cristina In both cases the reason for consultation was the palpation of a nodule and initial radiographic approach showed lesions with low suspicion of malignancy.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"31 1","pages":"162-166"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-06-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86623851","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Current status of the programs for detection of hearing loss in children younger than six months in Cali","authors":"L. Gonzalez, J. Soto, M. Inés Torres","doi":"10.25100/CM.V43I1.1061","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V43I1.1061","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Data is scarce in Colombia when dealing with the current circumstances of programs for detecting hearing loss in children younger than six months and, therefore, statistical data is limited on congenital or earlyacquired deafness. Studies have been conducted in the country on detection and prevention of hearing problems in the healthcare institutions in Antioquia, Quindío, Cauca, Valle, and Risaralda. All these studies were carried out between 1993 and 1995 and included children older than one year of age, which shows evidence of the lack of knowledge about the importance of early detection in the hearing-communicative health of children.\u0000\u0000Objective: To identify the current procedures and protocols to detect hearing loss in children younger than six months in Cali through a descriptive research in different healthcare institutions of the city.\u0000\u0000Methods: A descriptive study was carried out with a population of 722 private, public and/or mixed Health Service Providing Institutions from the city of Cali, registered in the database of the Department of Health of Valle del Cauca, Colombia in February 2007. A list was filled out to determine which of these institutions had services like delivery room and/or growth-development programs and/or audiology services and it was found that these aspects were met in 151 institutions that constituted the research sample. Thereafter, a survey was applied in these institutions to identify the procedures utilized for hearing loss detection, the health professionals that carry this out, and the follow up and the speech-language treatment performed to the children detected.\u0000\u0000Results: 95% of the healthcare institutions surveyed (144 institutions) do not perform procedures to detect hearing loss in children younger than six months. Only six of the private-sector institutions in Cali performed such procedures. The procedures used by these six institutions are all performed with equipment and protocols for objective tests.\u0000\u0000Conclusions: No public entity in the city of Cali has programs for early detection of hearing loss. It is necessary to implement strategies to train institutions, and associations of government institutions involved in healthcare, so that they can apply programs of universal hearing screening for neonates, while they disseminate such programs at regional and national levels.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"3 1","pages":"73-81"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90334662","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Molecular half-full mechanisms by phagocityc cells on invasive Aspergilosis","authors":"K. Dzul-Rosado, Viridiana Martínez-Campos, G. Peniche-Lara, J. Zavala-Castro","doi":"10.25100/CM.V43I1.1064","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V43I1.1064","url":null,"abstract":"Fungus from the Aspergillus genus mainly affects lung tissue, occurring when the integrity of the host immune system is compromised. The human body uses immunocompetence conditions from mechanical and enzymatic defenses and the action of the innate immune system cells and also uses adaptive responses to control infection. Neutrophils, macrophages, and dendritic cells are critical as antifungal effector cells possess surface receptors that recognize fungal structures and trigger specific responses. TLRs and Dectin-1 the most studied for this interaction. TLRs are responsible for the production and release of cytokines and Dectin-1 is essential in the phagocytosis of the particle recognition and production of ROS. The best-studied cytokines and its crucial role in the response to Aspergillus spp. are TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-12. In this work, we reviewed the main mechanisms related to molecular receptors on phagocytic cells involved in the recognition of Aspergillus spp. Understanding the immune response in situations of  immunocompetence and its comparison in immunodeficient organisms could provide alternatives to control invasive aspergillosis.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"31 1","pages":"95-102"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74731106","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Factors associated to risk of malnutrition amongst elderly women in low-income communities.","authors":"J. S. Virtuoso-Júnior, Sheilla Tribess, V. Romo-Pérez, Ricardo Oliveira-Guerra","doi":"10.25100/CM.V43I1.1059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.25100/CM.V43I1.1059","url":null,"abstract":"Objetivo: Identificar la prevalencia y los factores asociados con el riesgo de desnutricion en mujeres mayores. Metodos: Diseno transversal, con una muestra de 222 mujeres con edades entre 60 y 96 anos. Una entrevista que se llevo a cabo contiene las variables sociodemograficas, condiciones clinicas y aspectos conductuales. El analisis estadistico se realizo con el calculo de razon de prevalencia (RP) correspondiente en la regresion Poisson, p Resultados: La prevalencia de 33.8% (n=75) de las mujeres, se considerada con un riesgo de malnutricion o desnutricion. A partir del analisis multivariado jerarquica, se identifico una asociacion significativa con el grupo de edad entre 70 y 79 anos (RP=2,1; IC 95%: 1.3-6.7), bajo nivel educativo (RP=3.1; IC 95%: 1.0-11.6), que viven con otras personas (RP =2.0; IC 95%: 1.0-4.6), la presencia de sintomatologia depresiva (RP=2.1; IC 95%: 1.0-7.1), la ausencia de la administracion de medicamentos (RP=3.0; IC 95%: 1.1-7.6), despues de haber tenido algunas privaciones de alimentos a lo largo de su vida (RP=3.1; IC 95%: 1.3-9.6) y con menos del 75% del tiempo de actividad fisica en su tiempo libre (RP=2.0; IC 95%: 1.0-4.7). Conclusion: Existe un alto porcentaje de mujeres mayores en situacion de riesgo de desnutricion y los factores asociados con la condicion sugieren una compleja red causal en la determinacion del estado nutricional.","PeriodicalId":50667,"journal":{"name":"Colombia Medica","volume":"30 1","pages":"54-62"},"PeriodicalIF":1.1,"publicationDate":"2012-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82664704","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}