Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale最新文献

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Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy application for physical characterization of horsehairs 拉曼光谱和扫描电子显微镜在马鬃物理表征中的应用

Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2023.11591

G. Acri, B. Testagrossa, L. Denaro, E. Giudice, G. Piccione, M. Rizzo, Pietro Pugliatti, F. Arfuso, C. Giannetto

{"title":"Raman spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy application for physical characterization of horsehairs","authors":"G. Acri, B. Testagrossa, L. Denaro, E. Giudice, G. Piccione, M. Rizzo, Pietro Pugliatti, F. Arfuso, C. Giannetto","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2023.11591","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2023.11591","url":null,"abstract":"Horsehairs present several common characteristics in their chemical composition and molecular structure. The present study aims to analyze the physical characteristics of horsehairs belonging to different breeds. Morphological analysis of the horsehair fibers was performed using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and molecular structural characterization using the Raman Spectroscopy (RS) technique. Horse hairs were collected from three different horse groups (group A: mixed-breed; group B: Italian saddle; group C: thoroughbred). Each group was constituted of five horses with a mean body weight of 475 ± 25 kg, aged between 12 and 15 years old. SEM images showed differences in the surface layer (cuticula) and diameter size of horsehairs referred to different breeds. The investigation conducted through RS showed differences in the S – O band, located at 1044 cm−1, where cysteic acid is one of the amino acid constituents of α-keratin; in CH2 bending mode and CH stretching, located at ~1450 cm-1 and ~2900 cm-1, respectively. These differences could be attributed to genetic predisposition or metabolism; they could represent the real differentiation among the breeds, detectable by using RS.","PeriodicalId":506664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale","volume":"56 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139254115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Tubular extensions of plant organelles and their implications on retrograde signaling 植物细胞器的管状延伸及其对逆行信号的影响

Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.4081/jbr.2023.11724

Ryuuichi Itoh

{"title":"Tubular extensions of plant organelles and their implications on retrograde signaling","authors":"Ryuuichi Itoh","doi":"10.4081/jbr.2023.11724","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4081/jbr.2023.11724","url":null,"abstract":"Tubular extensions emerging from plastids, termed stromules, have received renewed attention due to advancements in imaging techniques. Stromules are widespread in plant and algal species; however, their role in organelle communication and physiology is yet to be elucidated. Initially, stromules were thought to facilitate interplastid communication; however, this proposition is still debated. Stromules with diameters of 0.3-0.8 µm enable protein movement via diffusion and Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP)-dependent transport. Stromule formation is more evident in non-photosynthetic plastids and is induced by various biotic and abiotic stresses, suggesting the involvement of stress-triggered signal transduction via phytohormones and redox changes. Recent studies have emphasized the significance of stromules in plant immunity, especially in response to viral and bacterial effectors, where they serve as conduits for the transport of retrograde signaling molecules from the plastids to the nucleus. Peroxules and matrixules, extending from peroxisomes and mitochondria, respectively, are parallel tubular extensions that were originally found in plant cells, while similar structures also exist in mammalian cells. The response of these extensions to stress may contribute to the management of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and organelle proliferation. This short review discusses the potential roles of the organelle extensions in retrograde signaling pathways.","PeriodicalId":506664,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Biological Research - Bollettino della Società Italiana di Biologia Sperimentale","volume":"3 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139264286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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