Comparative Parasitology最新文献

{"title":"Kiricephalus coarctatus (Pentastomida: Porocephalidae) from Orange-Striped Ribbonsnake, Thamnophis proximus proximus (Serpentes: Colubridae), from Arkansas, U.S.A., with a Summary of Ophidian Hosts of the Western Hemisphere","authors":"C. T. McAllister, C. Bursey","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-22-00001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-22-00001","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Two adult orange-striped ribbonsnakes, Thamnophis proximus proximus, were collected from northern Arkansas and examined for helminths. A single snake harbored 4 specimens of the pentastomid, Kiricephalus coarctatus. We document a new host as well as a new distributional record for the parasite. This is only the second time a species of pentastomid has been reported from the state in any host. A summary of ophidian hosts of K. coarctatus from the Western Hemisphere is included.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"63 - 67"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44940572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Eimeria albigulae (Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae): New Host and Distributional Record from the Bryant's Woodrat, Neotoma bryanti (Rodentia: Cricetidae), from California, U.S.A.","authors":"C. T. McAllister, J. Hnida, R. Fisher","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-21-00010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-21-00010","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Fecal samples, collected in July 2020 and April–May 2021 from 17 Bryant's woodrats, Neotoma bryanti Merriam, from 3 sites in San Diego, Orange, and San Bernardino counties, California, were examined for coccidial parasites. Three of 8 (38%) woodrats from a single site in San Diego County were found to be passing oocysts of Eimeria albigulae Levine, Ivens, and Kruidenier, 1957. Subspheroidal oocysts measured (average length [L] × width [W]) 23.5 × 21.4 µm with an average L/W ratio of 1.1. A micropyle was absent, but an oocyst residuum as well as a single polar granule was present. Ovoidal sporocysts measured (average L × W) 10.1 × 7.5 µm with an L/W ratio average of 1.4. A nipple-like Stieda body was present, but sub-Stieda and para-Stieda bodies were absent. The sporocyst residuum was composed of loosely packed granules between and around the sporozoites. This woodrat represents the sixth host to harbor this coccidian. We document a new host as well as a geographic distribution record for E. albigulae.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"59 - 62"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48446635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Host Phylogeny Is Not a Major Factor in Infection of the Salamander Desmognathus marmoratus by the Trematode Metagonimoides oregonensis","authors":"C. Camp, Cooper Kework, Noah Irwin, J. Wooten","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-22-00002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-22-00002","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: In the southern Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A., the trematode Metagonimoides oregonensis, a parasite of raccoons and mink, primarily uses larvae of the salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatus as a second intermediate host. However, evidence suggests that a cryptic, sympatric species, Desmognathus folkertsi is parasitized at a very low level or not at all. We tested the hypothesis that Desmognathus marmoratus, which is phylogenetically a sister to D. folkertsi, also has a low infection rate. We collected larvae of sympatric D. quadramaculatus and D. marmoratus from a stream (Beech Creek) in Towns County, Georgia, U.S.A. Although prevalence and mean visible metacercariae were different in June, no difference was seen between the species in either measure of infection in August. Our results support earlier work that suggests that factors other than host phylogeny can be more important in influencing infection.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"55 - 58"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44713726","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Zoonotic Tapeworms, Dibothriocephalus latus (Linnaeus, 1758) and D. dendriticus (Nitzsch, 1824), and Other Endohelminth Parasites in Chinook Salmon, Oncorhynchus tshawytscha, in Chile","authors":"Alonso Rubilar, P. Torres, H. Yera, V. Leyán, Ricardo Silva","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-20-00017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-20-00017","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: In the present study, the zoonotic tapeworms Dibothriocephalus latus and Dibothriocephalus dendriticus were identified for the first time, using morphological and molecular procedures, in a population of introduced Chinook salmon in Chile. The morphological differences observed between plerocercoids of D. latus and D. dendriticus were, respectively, a retracted and obscured scolex versus one that is always visible and only partially retracted after cold fixation; extension of frontal glands; size, types of, density of, and distribution of microtriches; and number of parenchymal longitudinal muscle bundles within 50-µm spaces. With scanning electronic microscopy, both species presented 3 types of microtriches: coniform and uncinated spinitriches, and capilliform filitriches. In the body region, D. latus presents all types of microtriches, but D. dendriticus only possessed capilliform filitriches. Multiplex PCR targeting cox1 of Diphyllobothriidae and subsequent sequence analysis allowed for confirmation of species identity. All adult Chinook salmon examined (32–60 cm total length) were infected by Dibothriocephalus spp. with a range of 15–192 plerocercoids. Plerocercoids were found in the stomach, intestine, liver, spleen, gonads, swim bladder, peritoneum, heart, and muscles. The prevalence of infected salmon, the percentage of plerocercoids, and the mean intensity of D. latus in the muscles were 3, 4, and 2 times greater than that of D. dendriticus. Histological examination of the stomach, liver, spleen, gonads, and muscle revealed the presence of 1 or more encysted or free plerocercoids. In most cases, varying degrees of chronic inflammation and low presence of neutrophils were observed. The prey consumed by Chinook salmon included the native fish, Galaxias maculatus, and unidentified fish and amphipods. Other identified endohelminths were Derogenes lacustris Tsuchida, Flores, Viozzi, Rauque, and Urabe, 2021 in the stomach, Camallanus corderoi Torres, Teuber and Miranda, 1990 in the intestine, larvae of Contracaecum sp. in the intestinal wall, and Acanthocephalus tumescens (von Linstow, 1896) in the intestine. All identified parasites are reported for the first time in Chinook salmon from Chile.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"35 - 54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44243744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Comparative Study of Some Intestinal Parasites in Fecal Samples of Domestic and Stray Cats in Baghdad, Iraq","authors":"D. A. Kalef, F. A. Al-khayat","doi":"10.1654/21-00015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/21-00015","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Some feline intestinal parasites such as Toxocara, Giardia, and Cryptosporidium can spread to humans through feces. Therefore, it is important to prevent exposure of family members by screening cat fecal samples twice per year for potential treatment regimes. This study was initiated to compare and identify gastrointestinal parasites of domestic and stray cats (Felis domesticus) in Baghdad City, Iraq. Parasite eggs and oocysts were identified under light microscopy by applying standard laboratory techniques (flotation and sedimentation). Overall, 59 of 121 (48.7%) fecal samples were positive for intestinal parasites. The rate of infection by Toxoplasma gondii was (3.31%), Isospora spp. (6.61%), Cryptosporidium spp. (31.4%), and Toxocara spp. (1.65%). Four percent of domestic and stray cats were infected with Isospora and Cryptosporidium and 2% were infected with Isospora, Cryptosporidium, and Toxoplasma. The prevalence of infected males (37%) was higher than for females (12%) during October and November. The prevalence of stray cats (30.5%) was higher than for domestic cats (18.8%) in February (45.4%). The diversity of parasites found during this study suggests that additional surveys and proper control programs are necessary to decrease the risk of zoonotic disease transmission.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"31 - 35"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-06-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46260912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Description of a New Species of Bacciger (Digenea: Gymnophalloidea) Infecting the American Gizzard Shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur, 1818), and Molecular Characterization of Cercaria rangiae Wardle, 1983, with Molecular Phylogeny of Related Digenea","authors":"S. Curran, Micah B. Warren, S. Bullard","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-21-00011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-21-00011","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: A new species of Bacciger Nicoll, 1914, is described from the digestive tract of the American gizzard shad, Dorosoma cepedianum (Lesueur), in some inland waterways of Mississippi, and in Mobile Bay, Alabama, U.S.A. This now represents the only nominal species in the genus from the northwest Atlantic Ocean or inland tributaries of eastern North America north of Mexico. Two potentially close relatives that range in the northwest Atlantic Ocean are Baccigeroides ovatus (Price, 1934) Cutmore, Bray and Cribb, 2018, and Pseudobacciger manteri Nahhas and Cable, 1964. The new species differs from Bo. ovatus mainly by having the genital pore opening immediately anteriad from the ventral sucker rather than far anteriad from it at the pharynx level, and from P. manteri mainly by having a distinct cirrus sac rather than having the terminal genitalia free in the parenchyma. The 3 genera are currently classified in the Faustulidae Poche, 1926. Although life cycles are unknown for the American species, evidence from life history of the related species Bacciger bacciger (Rudolphi, 1819) Nicoll, 1914, and Pseudobacciger harengulae (Yamaguti, 1938) Nahhas and Cable, 1964, combined with molecular phylogenetic evidence, indicate that the studied digeneans likely have a nonoculate trichocercous cercaria. We discovered sporocysts containing nonoculate trichocercous cercariae we identified as Cercaria rangiae Wardle, 1983, infecting the viscera of the Gulf wedge clam, Rangia cuneata (G. B. Sowerby I), in the Pascagoula River, Mississippi, U.S.A. We generated the internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) region and a portion of the 28S rDNA gene from the new species and C. rangiae. Dissimilarity at both sequences demonstrated that the stages were not conspecific. Bayesian inference analyses applied separately to the ITS2 region, and the partial 28S rDNA gene, resulted in trees with similar topology, both depicting the new species and C. rangiae as sister taxa. The possible identity of C. rangiae and the phylogenetic relationships among species of Bacciger and related genera are discussed. We consider Bacciger lesteri Bray, 1982, and Bacciger sprenti Bray, 1982, incertae sedis in the Microphalloidea Ward, 1901. All other species of Bacciger, and species belonging in Pseudobacciger Nahhas and Cable, 1964, and Baccigeroides Dutta, 1995, are transferred from the Faustulidae to the Gymnophalloidea Odhner, 1905, where their familial affinities remain incertae sedis.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"9 - 29"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48064212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Additional Information on Dolops intermedia Silva, 1978 (Crustacea: Argulidae) and Its Occurrence on Fishes in Northeastern Brazil","authors":"Mugnai Riccardo, Maria Helena Santos-Reis, A. Avenant‐Oldewage","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-89.1.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-89.1.1","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Dolops intermedia Silva, 1978 (Crustacea: Argulidae) was described from Rio Grande do Sul state in the southernmost state of Brazil. Here, we report a new occurrence of this species from Maranhão state, 1 of the northernmost states of Brazil. The infection of new hosts Colossoma macropomum (Cuvier, 1816), Oreochromis niloticus (Linnaeus, 1758), Hoplias malabaricus (Bloch, 1794), Leporinus friderici (Bloch, 1794), and Pygocentrus nattereri (Kner, 1858) is reported for the first time. Additional morphological information is provided for some structures, and the ratios for body measurements are provided for the first time.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"89 1","pages":"1 - 8"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47622712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Minutes","authors":"Anna J. Phillips","doi":"10.1654/1525-2647-88.2.188","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/1525-2647-88.2.188","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43136048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Differential Infection of Two Sympatric, Cryptic Species of Appalachian Salamander (Genus Desmognathus) by the Trematode Metagonimoides oregonensis","authors":"C. Camp, Dylan Jones, J. Phillips, Tyler L. Brock, J. Wooten","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-21-00008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-21-00008","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: In the southern Appalachian Mountains, U.S.A., the trematode Metagonimoides oregonensis, a parasite of raccoons and possibly mink, utilizes larvae of lungless salamanders as second intermediate hosts, most frequently using the salamander Desmognathus quadramaculatus. We tested whether there was a difference in parasite infection between this salamander and its sympatric, cryptic congener, Desmognathus folkertsi, in northern Georgia. Whereas larval D. quadramaculatus had a prevalence of 100% with intensities ranging from 18 to over 1,000, none of the D. folkertsi had visible metacercariae. These results indicate that M. oregonensis is more host-specific in salamander second intermediate hosts in the southern Appalachians than previously reported.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"88 1","pages":"183 - 186"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48614765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"First Report of Eimeria vilasi and Eimeria beecheyi in the Golden-Mantled Ground Squirrel (Callospermophilus lateralis)","authors":"J. Hnida","doi":"10.1654/COPA-D-21-00009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1654/COPA-D-21-00009","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT: Eimeria vilasi and E. beecheyi are reported for the first time from the golden-mantled ground squirrel (Callospermophilus lateralis). Eimeria vilasi was found in 12 of 35 (34%), and E. beecheyi in 2 of 35 (6%), golden-mantled ground squirrels in Arizona. Sporulated oocysts of E. vilasi were ovoidal, 18.1 × 15.8 (15–21 × 13–18) µm, with a length/width ratio of 1.1 (1.0–1.3), and 1–4 polar granules. Sporocysts were ellipsoidal, 10.1 × 6.0 (8–12 × 5–8) µm, with a length/width ratio of 1.7 (1.4–2.2). Sporulated oocysts of E. beecheyi were subspheroidal, 14.8 × 12.9 (14–17 × 12–15) µm, with a length/width ratio of 1.1 (1.1–1.3), and 1–3 polar granules. Sporocysts were ovoidal, 8.1 × 5.1 (7–9 × 4–6) µm, with a length/width ratio of 1.6 (1.4–1.8). The measurements and structural features of these oocysts were similar to those reported for E.vilasi and E. beecheyi recovered from other marmotine rodents. In addition, 20 of 35 (57%) golden-mantled ground squirrels were positive for Eimeria callospermophili, and 3 of 35 (9%) for Eimeria cynomysis, infections.","PeriodicalId":50655,"journal":{"name":"Comparative Parasitology","volume":"88 1","pages":"177 - 180"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2022-01-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48582325","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}