IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1155/cplx/3196780

Ivan Shpurov, Tom Froese, Takashi Ikegami

{"title":"Football as Foraging? Movements by Individual Players and Whole Teams Exhibit Lévy Walk Dynamics","authors":"Ivan Shpurov, Tom Froese, Takashi Ikegami","doi":"10.1155/cplx/3196780","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/3196780","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Many organisms, ranging from modern humans to extinct species, exhibit movement patterns that can be described by Lévy walk dynamics. It has been demonstrated that such behavior enables optimal foraging when resource distribution is sparse. Here, we analyze a dataset of football player trajectories, recorded during the matches of the Japanese football league, to elucidate the presence of statistical signatures of Lévy walks, such as the heavy-tailed distribution of distances traveled between significant turns and the characteristic superdiffusive behavior. We conjecture that the competitive environment of a football game leads to bursty movement dynamics reminiscent of that observed in hunter-gathering populations and more broadly in any biological organisms foraging for resources, whose exact distribution is unknown to them. Apart from analyzing individual players’ movements, we investigate the dynamics of the whole team by studying the movements of its center of mass (team’s centroid). Remarkably, the trajectory of the centroid also exhibits Lévy walk properties, marking the first instance of such type of motion observed at the group level. Our work concludes with a comparative analysis of different teams and some discussion on the relevance of our findings to sports science and science more generally.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cplx/3196780","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

New Discovery of the Emergence Mechanism of High Clustering Coefficients 高聚类系数出现机制的新发现

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1155/cplx/1039752

Jun Ying, Chuankui Yan, Shouyan Wu

{"title":"New Discovery of the Emergence Mechanism of High Clustering Coefficients","authors":"Jun Ying, Chuankui Yan, Shouyan Wu","doi":"10.1155/cplx/1039752","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/1039752","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>In our statistical analysis, we have discovered that the distance distribution (referring to Euclidean distance) of many real networks follows certain patterns, especially the distances between connected nodes obey a scale-free distribution. However, the classic BA model does not exhibit this characteristic. Furthermore, existing network models are mostly evolved based on degree-preference mechanisms, without considering the potential influence of factors such as edge weights like spatial geographical factors on node-edge connections in real networks. Taking distance-weighted preferences as an example, this study proposes a network evolution model based on distance preference connections as the fundamental mechanism. By applying probability theory and mean-field theory, the model’s degree distribution is calculated to be exponential, with a clustering coefficient greater than that of the BA model and consistent with data from some real networks. Our model reveals that this distance preference mechanism may be the fundamental mechanism underlying the emergence of high clustering in real networks. Additionally, by incorporating degree-preference connection mechanisms, the model is further analyzed and improved to better match actual network evolution behaviors. The research results provide a possible explanation for resolving the controversy surrounding the scale-free nature of networks.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cplx/1039752","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Study on the Mechanism of Rock Brazilian Disk Splitting Based on the Constitutive Model With Different Tensile and Compressive Moduli

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-12-19 DOI: 10.1155/cplx/4790930

Liu Pengcheng, Xing Minglu, Chen Shiwei, Zhang Yubao, Li Longfei

{"title":"Study on the Mechanism of Rock Brazilian Disk Splitting Based on the Constitutive Model With Different Tensile and Compressive Moduli","authors":"Liu Pengcheng, Xing Minglu, Chen Shiwei, Zhang Yubao, Li Longfei","doi":"10.1155/cplx/4790930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/4790930","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Due to the significant tension–compression asymmetry of rocks, the disparity between the results of Brazilian splitting tests and those derived from the linear elastic constitutive theory has been a topic of extensive discussion. In order to delve into the stress–strain field evolution and crack propagation process of Brazilian splitting tests under tension–compression varying modulus constitutive models, finite element software was employed. By means of self-developed subroutines, a method was employed to control the rock’s tension and compression with different modulus. Comparative analysis was conducted to scrutinize the distinctions between linear elastic constitutive models and variational modulus constitutive models. The results elucidate that under the variational modulus constitutive model: (1) Stress concentration in the <i>x</i>-direction does not occur at the center of the rock but is offset toward the two sides of the rock loading end, with stress peaks similar to linear elasticity; (2) under the variable modulus constitutive model, shear effects are pronounced at both ends of the rock loading axis, and initial cracks in the rock originate near the two sides of the loading end, forming initial cracks of tensile-shear mixed mode; and (3) due to the influence of shear stresses at both ends of the rock loading, the ultimate load of the rock is lower than that of a linear elastic structure, and the calculated tensile strength is lower than the true strength of the rock.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cplx/4790930","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Unraveling Spatial Dynamics of Urban Complexity Between Land Use Patterns and Travel Behavior Using Structural Equation Modeling

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-12-17 DOI: 10.1155/cplx/4458996

Abdulla Al Kafy, Md. Abdul Fattah, Mahir Shahrier, Hamad Ahmed Altuwaijri

{"title":"Unraveling Spatial Dynamics of Urban Complexity Between Land Use Patterns and Travel Behavior Using Structural Equation Modeling","authors":"Abdulla Al Kafy, Md. Abdul Fattah, Mahir Shahrier, Hamad Ahmed Altuwaijri","doi":"10.1155/cplx/4458996","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/4458996","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Rapid urbanization and inadequate transportation infrastructure in developing countries have led to complex, unsustainable travel patterns and adverse environmental impacts. This study employs structural equation modeling (SEM) to explore the interplay between land use patterns and travel behavior in Rajshahi, Bangladesh. Analyzing data from 1298 respondents, we uncovered intricate relationships between sociodemographic, economic, and spatial factors. The SEM revealed that economic characteristics had the highest total effect (0.674) on travel behavior, followed by land use (0.521). Notably, accessibility negatively correlated with economic (−0.70) and sociodemographic factors (−0.91). The residential environment emerged as the most significant land use indicator, with a weight of 1.820. Our analysis found that 31% of trips used easy bikes, while 23% were on foot. The employment rate positively impacted economic characteristics (1.270), despite the considerable weight of total household income (0.874). Key findings indicate that economic characteristics and land use patterns are the primary drivers of travel behavior, highlighting the need for integrated urban planning. This study provides a nuanced understanding of urban complexity, offering valuable insights for sustainable transportation planning in developing cities. By elucidating the nonlinear interactions between various urban elements, our research contributes to the growing field of complex systems analysis in urban transportation contexts.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cplx/4458996","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142861553","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Transfer Payments and Regional Total Factor Productivity: Evidence From China 转移支付与地区全要素生产率：来自中国的证据

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-11-26 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8045857

Zhiwei Cao, Baijun Wu, Sha Liu

{"title":"Transfer Payments and Regional Total Factor Productivity: Evidence From China","authors":"Zhiwei Cao, Baijun Wu, Sha Liu","doi":"10.1155/2024/8045857","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/8045857","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Through theoretical analysis and empirical test, the following conclusions are drawn: Firstly, the benchmark test proves that transfer payments (TPs) significantly promote regional TFP. Secondly, the conclusions of this paper are still valid after using the system GMM model and instrumental variable method to deal with the endogeneity problem. Thirdly, heterogeneity analysis shows that TPs have a greater impact on TFP in the central and western regions, and general TPs and special TPs significantly promote regional TFP. Fourthly, mechanism analysis shows that TPs promote regional TFP through two channels: narrowing the financial gap between local governments and reducing the vertical fiscal imbalance between central and local governments. Because the balanced distribution of financial resources means the effective supply of public goods, all regions have the conditions to optimize the allocation of resources and improve the efficiency of resource use. Based on this, it is still necessary to implement the TPs system. Also, there is a need to optimize the TP rules.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/8045857","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142737482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Quantification of the Synergistic Inhibitory Effects of an Oncolytic Herpes Virus Plus Paclitaxel on Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells 肿瘤溶解性疱疹病毒与紫杉醇对无性甲状腺癌细胞协同抑制作用的定量分析

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1155/cplx/3899849

Anna Park, Jong Hyuk Byun, Il Hyo Jung, Shingo Iwami, Kwang Su Kim

{"title":"Quantification of the Synergistic Inhibitory Effects of an Oncolytic Herpes Virus Plus Paclitaxel on Anaplastic Thyroid Cancer Cells","authors":"Anna Park, Jong Hyuk Byun, Il Hyo Jung, Shingo Iwami, Kwang Su Kim","doi":"10.1155/cplx/3899849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/3899849","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Conventional synergy theory explains the inhibitory effects of drug combinations at specific times. Determining the magnitude of inhibition is crucial for exploring the synergy effect. In the results of previous studies, the Chou–Talalay multiple drug effect analysis demonstrated that the combination of a mutant oncolytic herpes virus (G207) and the chemotherapeutic agent (paclitaxel) is the most effective strategy for treating anaplastic thyroid cancer, compared to other combinations such as G207 and NV1023 or paclitaxel and doxorubicin. However, the mechanism behind the synergy effect of G207 and paclitaxel remains unknown, and measuring the synergy effect over time is challenging and expensive. In this study, we formulated a mathematical model to quantify the synergy of G207, paclitaxel, and both over time using the dataset. We conducted a Bayesian estimation of tumor cell proliferation over 16 days using Markov chain Monte Carlo sampling. The Bliss independence was incorporated into the model to compare the observed and expected responses to combination therapy. The expected antitumor effect was significantly lower than the experimental data, suggesting a synergistic effect. Our result showed that the antitumor effect was influenced by the rate of inhibition of tumor growth and the absolute growth delay. Additionally, we found that combination therapy achieved an additional 24% antitumoral effect and a 12-day delay in cell growth. This modeling approach suggests the possibility of quantifying synergistic effects.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cplx/3899849","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142692028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Performance Evaluation of Control Strategies for Autonomous Quadrotors: A Review 自主四旋翼飞行器控制策略的性能评估：综述

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8820378

Hamid Hassani, Anass Mansouri, Ali Ahaitouf

引用次数: 0

Chaotic Image Encryption Scheme Based on Improved Z-Order Curve, Modified Josephus Problem, and RNA Operations: An Experimental Li-Fi Approach 基于改进的 Z 阶曲线、修改的约瑟夫问题和 RNA 运算的混沌图像加密方案：一种实验性 Li-Fi 方法

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-11-18 DOI: 10.1155/cplx/2910833

S. B. Nono Fotso, J. H. Talla Mbé, W. N. Atchoffo, A. C. Nzeukou, A. R. Ndjiongue

{"title":"Chaotic Image Encryption Scheme Based on Improved Z-Order Curve, Modified Josephus Problem, and RNA Operations: An Experimental Li-Fi Approach","authors":"S. B. Nono Fotso, J. H. Talla Mbé, W. N. Atchoffo, A. C. Nzeukou, A. R. Ndjiongue","doi":"10.1155/cplx/2910833","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/cplx/2910833","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>Image encryption schemes are predominantly software-based. Only a select few have been implemented in real-life communication systems. This paper introduces a novel chaotic image encryption scheme based on a modified Z-order curve, a modified Josephus problem, and an improved Vigenère cipher–based ribonucleic acid (RNA) operation. It is implemented and assessed within a light-fidelity (Li-Fi) infrastructure, comprising two core components: software and hardware. The software component manages data encryption and decryption, while the hardware ensures efficient data transmission. The proposed encryption scheme starts with a pixel-level permutation based on an improved Z-order curve, applicable to rectangular images, optimizing efficiency and increasing permutation ability. This is followed by a bit-level permutation using a modified Josephus problem, which enhances the diversity of generated sequences and introduces additional dislocation effects. Subsequently, a Vigenère cipher–based RNA operation serves for diffusion alongside basic RNA operations and the cipher block chaining (CBC) mode. Theoretical analyses and experimental findings demonstrate that the proposed encryption scheme is highly robust, outperforming several existing cryptosystems. Moreover, owing to its successful implementation, the proposed encryption scheme signifies a compelling stride toward bolstering secure visible light communication systems.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/cplx/2910833","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142674049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Finite-Time Boundedness of Conformable Faulty Fuzzy Systems With Time Delay 有时间延迟的可变形故障模糊系统的有限时间有界性

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-11-15 DOI: 10.1155/2024/8594462

Mohamed Rhaima, Hamdi Gassara, Lassaad Mchiri, Abdellatif Ben Makhlouf

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal Differences in Regional Tourism Efficiency: An Empirical Study From Guangdong Province, China 区域旅游效率的时空差异：中国广东省的实证研究

IF 1.7 4区工程技术

Complexity Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1155/2024/5781877

Haifei Wang

{"title":"Spatiotemporal Differences in Regional Tourism Efficiency: An Empirical Study From Guangdong Province, China","authors":"Haifei Wang","doi":"10.1155/2024/5781877","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1155/2024/5781877","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 <p>The focus on high-quality development in regional tourism involves not only transforming the previous extensive development model and improving the efficiency of tourism development but also promoting the coordinated development of the tourism industry across different regions. Taking the 21 prefecture-level cities in Guangdong Province as the research object and guided by high-quality development, a tourism efficiency measurement index system that includes carbon emissions as an unexpected output has been established. By comprehensively applying methods such as the Super-SBM model, LISA temporal path, and standard deviation ellipse, this study addresses the neglect of spatial relationships in the existing literature and measures the tourism efficiency of Guangdong’s 21 prefecture-level administrative units from 2009 to 2019, exploring its spatiotemporal evolution and collaborative trends. The results show that during the research period, the average tourism efficiency in Guangdong Province was 0.807, at a medium–high efficiency level. Spatially, the tourism efficiency of the province is composed of a main peak and side peaks, with a general leftward shift of the main peak, a fluctuating decrease in peak height, and an expanding width. The evolution of spatial patterns reveals that regions with similar tourism efficiency in Guangdong tend to be spatially concentrated, with strong local stability and clear spatial dependency in the change process of tourism efficiency. The study’s insights suggest strategies for Guangdong’s tourism sector, advocating for technological innovation, sustainable development practices, and a robust evaluation framework. It emphasizes leveraging regional tourism assets, fostering collaboration, and promoting the “Great Lingnan Tourism Circle” for a balanced industry growth.</p>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":50653,"journal":{"name":"Complexity","volume":"2024 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1155/2024/5781877","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142642207","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

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