{"title":"Optimal non-guideline blended composite laminate design using generative stacking sequence and optimal thickness prediction models","authors":"Thanh N. Huynh , H. Nguyen-Xuan , Jaehong Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107913","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107913","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces a novel optimization approach for solving the non-guideline ply-drop composite laminate optimization problem using a Goal-Directed Generation framework consisting of two models: a Generator model called Generative Stacking Sequence (GSS) and a Scorer model called Optimal Thickness Prediction (OTP). The discrete design variables for the optimization problem can be divided into two groups: Stacking Sequence and regional thicknesses. The GSS model generates Stacking Sequence samples, which are then fed to the OTP model to predict the optimal feasible regional thickness for those Stacking Sequence samples regarding structural integrity. By training the GSS model toward optimizing the objective function, the present approach replaces discrete metaheuristic algorithms in traditional optimization approaches with Neural Network models with more robustness and versatility. Furthermore, the proposed framework transforms the discrete design variable space of the optimization problem into the smooth latent space of the models’ weights, which enables the usage of gradient-based optimizers for discrete design variables. A non-guideline variant of the 18-panel horseshoe blending optimization problem is utilized to benchmark the proposed approach against previous studies in the literature. The obtained results highlighted the optimization performance of the proposed fully neural optimizer framework as competitive with that of metaheuristic algorithms and hybrid approaches in the literature.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107913"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144933780","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Adaptive Multi-Fidelity neural Network: Benchmark tests and its application in Full-Field strain prediction for a wing box","authors":"Kairui Tang , Xiao Huang , Feixiang Ren , Puhui Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107937","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107937","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In engineering, high-precision numerical simulations and large-scale physical tests are often expensive and limited in number. Neural networks offer promising solutions, but traditional training methods rely heavily on abundant high-fidelity data, limiting their broader applicability. This paper proposes the Adaptive Multi-Fidelity Neural Network (Adp-MFNN), which adjusts the weights of the low- and high-fidelity networks adaptively for multi-fidelity prediction. Through extensive benchmarking on both purely numerical test cases and engineering problems, the potential of Adp-MFNN for multi-fidelity modeling has been preliminarily validated. Furthermore, a multi-fidelity framework employing two iterations of Adp-MFNN successfully extended sparse strain data from limited experimental load conditions to predict full-field strain under arbitrary conditions on a wing box. On one hand, the Adp-MFNN can effectively reduce the costs of large composite experiments. On the other hand, the Adp-MFNN method serves as a valuable complement to Digital Image Correlation (DIC) for large, complex, or internal structures, proving its effectiveness in engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107937"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Elastic equivalent frame model with deformable connectors to assess tunnelling-induced damage to masonry buildings","authors":"Derya Burcu Gulen, Sinan Acikgoz, Harvey J. Burd","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107901","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107901","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces an efficient modelling approach for assessing tunnelling-induced damage in masonry buildings. The approach idealises the building as an equivalent frame, employing a flexibility-based beam element formulation to represent spandrels and piers, akin to the modelling strategy frequently used in earthquake engineering. In contrast to standard approaches, the proposed ‘equivalent frame model with deformable connectors’ (‘EQFdc model’) represents the connections between the piers and spandrels with 2D macro-elements instead of rigid offsets. The paper first presents the formulation of the connectors and their interactions with the frame and foundation elements. Then, a soil-structure interaction scenario from the literature is examined. Soil-structure interaction is modelled using a linear Winkler approach; tunnelling-induced greenfield displacements are specified as prescribed displacements to the soil-foundation interaction model. Following typical assessment practice, linear elastic behaviour is assumed in the analyses, where damage is categorised based on limiting tensile strains. The EQFdc model successfully reproduces the results from a 2D finite element linear elastic continuum model for soil-foundation tractions, building displacements, major principal tensile strain distributions and damage categories. The introduction of the deformable connectors mitigates the overestimation of building stiffness caused by the rigid offsets. These improvements may benefit numerous equivalent frame modelling applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107901"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922949","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chenghao Dai , Qiang Zhong , Ronghui Ning , Haibo Chen
{"title":"A hybrid finite element and radiative energy transfer method for predicting the vibrational energy distribution of coupled systems in the mid-frequency range","authors":"Chenghao Dai , Qiang Zhong , Ronghui Ning , Haibo Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107935","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107935","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a hybrid approach integrating the finite element method (FEM) and radiative energy transfer method (RETM) to predict the local energy characteristics of short-wavelength subsystems in mid-frequency coupled systems. Long-wavelength subsystems are modeled using FEM, and RETM governs short-wavelength components, where energy density originates from three contributions: incoherent rays emitted by deterministic boundaries, physical sources, and fictitious sources. Power transfer amongst RETM subsystems via FE interfaces is quantified using reciprocity relationships between direct field radiation and blocked reverberant forces. Local energy transfer coefficients characterize the interactions amongst fictitious sources across deterministic boundaries. Second-type Fredholm equations are formulated by balancing the outgoing fictitious source energy against the incident energy from physical sources, neighboring fictitious sources, and adjacent boundaries to determine the fictitious source intensities. The diffuse directional emissions from fictitious and point sources enhance boundary condition robustness. Numerical validations involving comparisons with Monte Carlo FE solutions demonstrate the effectiveness of hybrid FE-RETM. Results confirm its capability to accurately capture energy distribution patterns in short-wavelength subsystems across mid-frequency ranges and its ability to resolve the overlapping frequency limitations of wave-bearing and energy-based methods. The proposed methodology offers a systematic approach for mid-frequency analysis of coupled systems with mixed wavelength behaviors.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107935"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144925117","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Van Luan Nguyen , Trong Khanh Huy Nguyen , Nguyen Dinh Duc , Van Thuong Nguyen
{"title":"Pin-loaded joint contact in anisotropic viscoelastic plates via a semi-analytical method","authors":"Van Luan Nguyen , Trong Khanh Huy Nguyen , Nguyen Dinh Duc , Van Thuong Nguyen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107940","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107940","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Fiber-reinforced polymer matrix composites are widely used in engineering structures, where pin/bolt-loaded joints are essential for assembly. These composites often exhibit anisotropic and viscoelastic behaviors, making the analysis of pin-loaded hole contact problems particularly challenging. This paper introduces a new semi-analytical method (SAM) for analyzing contact behaviors in anisotropic viscoelastic plates with pin-loaded holes. The method relies on surface Green’s functions, which are derived using a time-stepping approach for a viscoelastic plate subjected to a concentrated load on the hole boundary. These functions allow analytical computation of the influence matrices, which ensure both accuracy and efficiency in SAM. The method can be applied to various contact situations, including interference, transition, and loose fits. The method also accounts for frictionless and frictional contact surfaces. To examine the correctness and demonstrate the generality of the proposed SAM, numerical results are provided and compared with the results obtained by the available solution methods, such as BEM. After verification, parametric studies are implemented to examine the effects of several important parameters, such as pin size, applied force, friction coefficient, material anisotropy, Prony’s coefficients of stiffness constants, and relaxation time, on the contact behaviors of the hole in the anisotropic viscoelastic plate.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107940"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144922948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Haoyu Huang , Fei Yu , Xiaoyu Jiang , Yunyun Du , Junhe Xie , Jie Cao , Julin Shan , Haidong Zhang , Zhenqun Guan
{"title":"Mesh deformation and adaptive refinement for physical fields","authors":"Haoyu Huang , Fei Yu , Xiaoyu Jiang , Yunyun Du , Junhe Xie , Jie Cao , Julin Shan , Haidong Zhang , Zhenqun Guan","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107941","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107941","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Physical field simulations demand efficient mesh deformation and adaptive refinement methods. This paper proposes a systematical method tailored to the specific needs of simulations. Interpolation-based methods are preferred for large-scale mesh deformation due to computational efficiency. Improving the inverse distance weighted method by introducing auxiliary nodes using the sub-mesh. A node smoothing algorithm based on layered mesh is also devised to enhance mesh deformation ability. Optimizing the convergence criterion greatly reduces computation time.</div><div>To improve element quality after deformation and meet the requirement for iterative refinement of mesh in simulation, a mesh refinement method is proposed. To address challenges in inserting nodes into narrow spaces, a novel algorithm is developed, which integrates the boundary constraints with the longest-edge propagation path. The co-optimization of surface and tetrahedral meshes is achieved through an algorithm based on size-field and an improved surface priority insertion strategy. A boundary edge priority algorithm is proposed to preserve the fitness between mesh and geometry. Flow field examples demonstrate the method’s effectiveness in mesh deformation and the optimization of poor-quality elements. Electromagnetic simulation results show that, compared to commercial software, the method significantly reduces the number of elements after refinement while maintaining solver accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107941"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144919910","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Robust topology optimization of continuous structures using the Bernstein approximation","authors":"Alfredo Canelas , Miguel Carrasco , Julio López","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107939","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107939","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We propose a robust formulation for the topology optimization of continuous structures. The objective is to determine the optimal distribution of a linear elastic material within a reference domain subjected to both stochastic and deterministic external loads. A key feature of this formulation is the incorporation of a failure probability constraint defined in terms of compliance. The Bernstein approximation is used to derive an upper bound on the failure probability, yielding a more tractable formulation. By using the Solid Isotropic Material with Penalization (SIMP) method, where the material density is the main design variable, we reformulate the original stochastic optimization problem into a standard nonlinear optimization problem. We develop a numerical algorithm to solve this reformulation by iteratively solving a sequence of linear conic subproblems, which can be efficiently handled in polynomial time via interior-point methods. Numerical experiments demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107939"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913960","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Probability density evolution method for structural reliability analysis: A parallel Bayesian active learning perspective","authors":"Tong Zhou , Tong Guo , Jize Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107936","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107936","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While probability density evolution method (PDEM) paired with active learning shows strong promise for structural reliability analysis, its broader adoption is hindered by unresolved theoretical limitations and computational inefficiencies. In this work, we present the first attempt at casting a Bayesian inference perspective for evaluating failure probability in PDEM. First, it quantifies epistemic uncertainty through a posterior mean and a provable upper bound of variance (UBV) of failure probability, overcoming limitations of the traditional frequentist approaches. Then, three critical ingredients of parallel active learning paradigm are designed: (i) A multi-point learning function called the upper bound of variance reduction (UBVR) is analytically deduced to quantify the impact of adding <span><math><mi>k</mi><mo>(</mo><mo>≥</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></math></span> new samples. (ii) Batch enrichment process is achieved via a principled stepwise maximization strategy of UBVR, eliminating the need for those goal-inconsistent batch selection strategies. (iii) A hybrid convergence criterion is defined by continuously monitoring the instantaneous value of UBV. The proposed method offers a comprehensive framework for fusing Bayesian inference of failure probability and parallel active learning in PDEM. It is tested on five examples and compared against several existing parallel active learning reliability methods. Results indicate that the proposed approach matches similar accuracy to state-of-the-art methods with great computational cost savings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107936"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144913982","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Homogenization of flow in inflatable periodic structures with nonlinear effects","authors":"E. Rohan, V. Lukeš","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107933","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107933","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The paper presents a new type of weakly nonlinear two-scale model of inflatable periodic poroelastic structures saturated by Newtonian fluids. The periodic microstructures incorporate fluid inclusions connected to the fluid channels by admission and ejection valves represented by a 0D model. This induces a nonlinearity in the macroscopic Biot-type model, whereby the Darcy flow model governs the fluid transport due to the channels. Moreover, the fluid channels consist of compartments separated by semipermeable membranes inducing the pressure discontinuity. The homogenized model is derived under the small deformation assumption, however the equilibrium is considered in the Eulerian frame. Deformation-dependent homogenized coefficients of the incremental poroelasticity constitutive law and the permeability are approximated using the sensitivity analysis, to avoid coupled two-scale iterations. Numerical simulations illustrate the inflation process over time. Example of a bi-material cantilever demonstrates the inflation induced bending. The proposed two-scale model is intended to provide a computational tool for designing of porous metamaterials for fluid transport, or shape morphing with various potential applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107933"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144896411","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A finite volume scheme for the solution of discontinuous magnetic field distributions on non-orthogonal meshes","authors":"Augusto Riedinger, Martín Saravia, José Ramírez","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107915","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107915","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a finite volume method for solving discontinuous magnetostatics on general non-orthogonal meshes. The proposed scheme captures field discontinuities across material interfaces by enforcing local conservation of the magnetic vector potential. Second-order spatial accuracy is achieved on highly skewed grids through the use of non-orthogonal correction schemes and gradient reconstruction techniques. A Block Gauss–Seidel iterative solver with under-relaxation is employed to ensure stable convergence even in strongly magnetized, high-permeability regions. A multi-region formulation guarantees conservative magnetic flux continuity at interfaces, eliminating the spurious flux leakage and field smearing that can plague conventional finite-element solutions. Verification against finite element solutions demonstrates that the method attains comparable accuracy while reducing computational cost. Grid Convergence Index studies indicate design-order (second-order) convergence in smooth-field regions. Furthermore, rigorous manufactured solution tests confirm near second-order convergence globally, validating the scheme’s theoretical order of accuracy across both homogeneous and discontinuous media. These results highlight the robustness, efficiency, and accuracy of the proposed framework. By synthesizing high-order finite volume discretization techniques, conservative interface coupling, and thorough verification practices, this work establishes FVM as a compelling, scalable alternative to classical FEM approaches for industrial-scale magnetostatic applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"317 ","pages":"Article 107915"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144889350","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}