{"title":"Description of mechanical effects of salt crystallization in porous media","authors":"S. Pietruszczak, M. Bakhtiari, P. Przecherski","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107976","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107976","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper deals with mechanical analysis of the effects of salt crystallization in porous materials. The focus is primarily on the components of structural masonry, although the methodology is applicable to other materials used in construction (e.g. concrete, natural stone). First, the constitutive relations governing the inelastic deformation process in the presence of crystallization are formulated. Subsequently, a numerical study is carried out incorporating a sequential two-step scheme, whereby the distribution of salt precipitated within the porous domain is assessed through a transient framework for capillary uptake of saline water. The mechanical analysis accounts for the heterogeneity of strength properties at the macroscale as well as the propagation of damage. The simulations involve evaluation of the ultimate load of a brick masonry triplet at different stages of subflorescence. In addition, a heuristic example is provided involving the case when the triplet is subjected to a sustained lateral load under a prescribed history of salt deposition.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 107976"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364294","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Structural vibration and sensitivity reanalyses via polynomial-type extrapolation","authors":"Shahin Jalili","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108000","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108000","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a new approach based on polynomial-type extrapolation concepts— namely, minimal polynomial extrapolation and reduced rank extrapolation—for the structural vibration and sensitivity reanalyses. The proposed approach utilises raw modal vector sequences obtained from the Neumann series expansion and constructs polynomial-type extrapolation-based formulations to predict approximate mode shapes, eigenvalues, and their sensitivities for modified structures. This approach involves solving a set of overdetermined linear systems with significantly reduced dimensions. The performance of the proposed approach is evaluated through two vibration reanalysis examples involving high-rank design changes: a tower undergoing size modifications and a cantilever beam subjected to material density variations. Numerical results confirm that the polynomial-type extrapolation approach achieves accurate reanalysis and sensitivity predictions with negligible additional computational effort compared to the Neumann series.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108000"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"An active learning method for high-dimensional and small failure probability problems combining matrix-operation radial basis function model with matrix-operation hybrid optimization algorithm","authors":"Xufeng Yang , Yu Zhang , Pengzhi Chen , Fan Yang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To address the computational challenges in high-dimensional reliability problems with small failure probabilities, this paper proposes an active learning reliability method based on a matrix-operation radial basis function model and a matrix-operation hybrid optimization algorithm. The method searches for the most probable point on the surrogate limit state surface to construct an optimal instrumental probability density function and generate candidate samples. By continuously updating the design of experiments and retraining the matrix-operation radial basis function model, the surrogate limit state surface progressively approaches the true limit state surface. To efficiently identify the most probable point in high-dimensional space, a matrix-operation hybrid optimization algorithm is developed by integrating the matrix-based genetic algorithm with the adjoint gradient-based sequential quadratic programming method. The matrix-based genetic algorithm significantly reduces the global search time by leveraging matrix operations, while the adjoint gradient-based sequential quadratic programming leverages the adjoint gradient information of the matrix-operation radial basis function model predictions to reduce the computational cost of gradient evaluations in local optimization. The effectiveness of the proposed method is validated through four high-dimensional reliability problems. The proposed method demonstrates strong competitiveness compared to various existing high-dimensional reliability analysis approaches.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108007"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guidong Wang , Yujie Wang , Xin Hu , Xiangyang Cui , Xianzhong Yu , Senhai Liu
{"title":"Fine-grained parallelization of automated multilevel substructuring method for modal frequency response analysis","authors":"Guidong Wang , Yujie Wang , Xin Hu , Xiangyang Cui , Xianzhong Yu , Senhai Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this work, a fine-grained parallel automated multilevel substructuring (AMLS) method is proposed to improve the efficiency of modal frequency response analysis for large-scale structural models. AMLS is a multilevel extension of component mode synthesis (CMS), offering a hierarchical structure that enables extensive opportunities for parallel computation. To leverage this structure, a task-based parallel model is first introduced for the substructure transformation phase. This model breaks the synchronization barrier, allowing parent nodes to execute without waiting for descendant nodes. A directed acyclic graph (DAG) model is then used to enable parallel execution of tasks, further enhancing computational efficiency. Moreover, a priority-based task pool scheduling strategy is employed to optimize task management and execution. In addition, damping matrix and residual vector computations are integrated into the parallelization framework to further enhance overall efficiency. The accuracy and computational efficiency of the proposed parallel AMLS method are verified through a series of numerical experiments. Specifically, the method demonstrates significant performance improvements in both weak and strong scalability tests. Furthermore, the proposed parallel AMLS method is validated through engineering case studies. These results confirm that it is well-suited for large-scale structural analyses with practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108003"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Shen , M.R.T. Arruda , A. Pagani , M. Petrolo , E. Carrera , R. Augello , E. Zappino
{"title":"Node-dependent kinematics approach for progressive damage analysis of pultruded composite structures based on 3D Tsai-Wu damage model","authors":"J. Shen , M.R.T. Arruda , A. Pagani , M. Petrolo , E. Carrera , R. Augello , E. Zappino","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This work investigates the progressive damage analysis of pultruded composite structures using the higher-order beam models with Node-Dependent Kinematics (NDK) based on Carrera Unified Formulation (CUF). A three-dimensional (3D) Tsai-Wu orthotropic damage model is implemented, in which the fracture energy and viscous regularization techniques are coupled. Subsequently, three experimental benchmarks involving compact tension, three-point bending, and four-point bending tests on pultruded composite structures are selected to validate the proposed numerical framework. The comparison between numerical and experimental results shows that the numerical framework is able to provide accurate and objective structural responses. Furthermore, the use of NDK enhances the computational efficiency of the progressive damage analysis without affecting accuracy.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 107996"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364289","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yikun Wang , Lin Qiu , Wenzhen Qu , Fajie Wang , Yan Gu , Qing-Hua Qin
{"title":"A hybrid numerical framework for long-time elastodynamic analysis","authors":"Yikun Wang , Lin Qiu , Wenzhen Qu , Fajie Wang , Yan Gu , Qing-Hua Qin","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study proposes a hybrid numerical framework for solving two- and three-dimensional elastodynamic problems. The framework employs the Krylov deferred correction technique for temporal discretization, which effectively enables accurate long-term simulations. To efficiently address the resulting boundary value problems, we develop a modified localized radial basis function (LRBF) collocation method, in which a novel radial basis function is constructed to significantly reduce the sensitivity of computational accuracy to the choice of shape parameters. Through systematic validation with four representative numerical examples, the proposed method demonstrates superior computational efficiency and robustness. In comparison with conventional approaches, the hybrid framework exhibits certain advantages in some aspects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108008"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145364293","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Román Quevedo-Reina, Guillermo M. Álamo, Juan J. Aznárez
{"title":"Feasibility analysis of jacket support structures for offshore wind turbines employing a regression-based artificial neural network model","authors":"Román Quevedo-Reina, Guillermo M. Álamo, Juan J. Aznárez","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108004","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108004","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The use of jacket-structured support systems for offshore wind turbines is growing, particularly in response to the increasing need for deeper water installations and greater distances from shore. However, designing jacket support structures remains computationally demanding due to complex structural analysis and load evaluation requirements. To address these challenges, this study employs regression-based artificial neural network models to assess the structural feasibility of jackets at specific installation sites. A synthetic dataset that incorporates key parameters of wind turbines, site conditions, and jacket configurations, is used for training the neural networks. The effectiveness of predicting the global feasibility of the structure or several partial checks imposed is analysed. Also, different architectures and assembly strategies are analysed. The results indicate that regression-based models achieve great performance in predicting the feasibility of the structures, with high Matthews correlation coefficient scores and strong correlations between predicted utilization factors and actual structural compliance. A comparison against a similar classification-based model suggests that regression-based models offer a more accurate prediction of the border between feasible and non-feasible designs. This characteristic is very useful for including such models in optimization processes, as it provides clear differentiation between viable and non-viable designs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108004"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315174","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A finite element method for reconstruction of shakedown map in wheel–rail rolling–sliding contact","authors":"Zhijun Zhou, Chenyu Yang, Gongquan Tao, Zefeng Wen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107998","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107998","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The classical shakedown map has served as the standard template for predicting rolling contact fatigue in wheel–rail systems. Its derivation is based on numerical analysis methods with idealized parameters, limiting generalizability and applicability to realistic conditions. To address this, an evaluation method for shakedown limits based on a finite element method was developed in this paper. A 3D shakedown map under rolling–sliding contact was reconstructed using a nonlinear kinematic hardening material. The effects of different rail materials and wheel–rail tangential load on the elastic shakedown limit were investigated. The results show that the classical shakedown map provides conservative estimates, while the reconstructed 3D shakedown surfaces are consistently higher. The elastic shakedown limit of the nonlinear kinematic hardening material lies between those of elastic-perfect plastic material and linear kinematic hardening material. The shakedown surfaces generally decrease with increasing coefficient of friction and traction coefficient, it elevates progressively for rail materials U75V, U71Mn, and U78CrV. The elastic shakedown limit also increases with the ratio of lateral to longitudinal load. The reconstructed shakedown map thus provides an effective framework for predicting the material mechanical response and rolling contact fatigue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 107998"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yuguo Yu , Chamila Gunasekara , Yogarajah Elakneswaran , Dilan Robert , David W. Law , Sujeeva Setunge
{"title":"From cement chemistry to pseudo-ductile mechanical behaviour of engineered cementitious composite: A multiphysical approach","authors":"Yuguo Yu , Chamila Gunasekara , Yogarajah Elakneswaran , Dilan Robert , David W. Law , Sujeeva Setunge","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Engineered cementitious composite made with incorporating polyvinyl alcohol fibre and fly ash has been demonstrated to strike a perfect balance among unique pseudo-ductile mechanical performance, sustainability, and cost. Nevertheless, the tensile strain-hardening behaviour of the composite is time- and case-dependent, where simply taking 28-day property as a baseline may overestimate its long-term capacity. Such an issue has yet been addressed due to lack of scientifically robust method to correlate mechanical characteristics with binder chemistry. In this regard, a physics-based approach, featuring multiphysics coupling, is developed to close the knowledge gap. Specifically, a novel phase field to ductile fracture model is adopted to numerically describe the multi-cracking enabled pseudo ductility of engineered cementitious composite. For the first time, key model parameters that govern the material mechanical behaviour are quantitatively correlated with fundamental binder chemistry, in addition to fibre characteristics, through hydration and multiscale homogenisation analyses. Following rigorous validations in two- and three-dimensional settings, the method is found applicable to composite mixes with a fly ash replacement rate of 50% – 80% (by mass) and a fibre content ranging 0.5% – 2% (by volume), capable of generating insights to support material design and structural analysis of sustainable engineered cementitious composites.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108005"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A novel double-loop variance reduction technique for estimating reliability based on dimensionality reduction and cross-entropy-based importance sampling","authors":"Yixin Lu, Zhenzhou Lu, Nan Ye","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.108001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To enhance the efficiency of single-loop variance reduction methods in structural reliability analysis, we propose a novel double-loop variance reduction method that integrates dimensionality reduction with cross-entropy-based importance sampling. In the first loop, the variance reduction is realized by transforming the failure probability into the expectation of the conditional failure probability, which can be analytically solved by the cumulative distribution function of one-dimensional reduction input, with respect to the remaining input vector by removing the one-dimensional reduction input. In the second loop, the variance reduction is realized by approaching the theoretically optimal importance sampling density for estimating the expectation transformed in the first loop, and a Gaussian mixture model is employed to approach this optimal density, where the parameters of Gaussian mixture model are optimized by minimizing the Kullback-Leibler cross-entropy between Gaussian mixture model and the theoretically optimal importance sampling density. Additionally, Kriging surrogate model of the performance function is embedded within the proposed double-loop architecture to decrease the number of costly performance function evaluations, significantly enhancing computational efficiency. The principal innovation of this study lies in the integration of dimensionality reduction with cross-entropy-based importance sampling within a double-loop strategy, providing a robust and efficient strategy for failure probability estimation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"319 ","pages":"Article 108001"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145315177","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}