Computers & Structures最新文献

{"title":"Multiscale numerical investigation on microstructure characteristics with the effect of flow field under different process conditions","authors":"Yuewei Ai ,&nbsp;Yang Zhang ,&nbsp;Shibo Han ,&nbsp;Yi Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107965","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107965","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Microstructure characteristics formed in the solidification process of molten pool are closely related to the mechanical performances of welded joints. A macro–micro multiscale model is established to calculate the solidification behavior during the laser welding process. The effectiveness of developed model is verified by the consistency between experimental and simulation results. Based on the established model, the effect of transient flow field on microstructure characteristics is analyzed. Furthermore, the temperature field, transient solidification conditions and microstructure characteristics under different process conditions are discussed in details. The results show that the columnar grain during the laser welding process with considering the transient flow field gradually deviates from the vertical direction and exhibits a slightly curved morphology characteristic compared to that without considering the transient flow field. The number of solute-enriched droplets in residual liquid region is decreased and the uniformity of solute concentration distribution is improved with the laser power increasing. The maximum solute concentration and solute segregation degree in columnar grain growth region are increasing gradually with the increase in welding speed. The proposed model is beneficial for understanding microstructure evolution during the laser welding process and refining weld microstructure to enhance the welding quality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107965"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145109230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Concurrent topology optimization for structures and celluar materials based on Kriging model","authors":"Yongfeng Zheng ,&nbsp;Jing Chen ,&nbsp;Xiwen Cai ,&nbsp;Jianhua Xiang ,&nbsp;Chuanzeng Zhang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107966","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107966","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Hierarchical structures exhibit superior properties, such as light weight, energy absorption, vibration isolation, thermal insulation and permeability, etc. This paper aims to enhance the multiscale topology optimization efficiency based on the Kriging model, a smooth evolutionary method is employed to evolve and form the structural topologies. Specifically, the proposed method optimizes the microstructural dimensions and macrostructural topologies at the same time, which can greatly reduce the computation time. First of all, a microstructural library is constructed, from which the microstructures best satisfy the macroscopic boundary conditions of the experiments are selected. Then, a parameterized design of the microstructures based on the Kriging model is conducted. Subsequently, the macroscopic structure is obtained by topology optimization and periodically arranged by the optimal microstructure. The macroscopic equivalent properties of the microstructures are evaluated by the homogenization method. Finally, the effectiveness, accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method for the design of hierarchical structures, are illustrated by comparing the results with those obtained by the sample method.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107966"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094145","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Free and forced vibration analysis of tri-directional functionally graded porous doubly-curved nanoshells integrated with magneto-electro-elastic layers","authors":"Tran Van Ke ,&nbsp;Phung Van Minh ,&nbsp;Nguyen Dinh Duc","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107964","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107964","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper introduces, for the first time, a meshfree approach to examine the natural and forced vibration properties of a tri-directional functionally graded porous doubly-curved nanoshell, which incorporates magneto-electro-elastic layers, situated on a visco-elastic foundation. The shell is composed of three different layers of materials, including a core layer made of tri-directional functionally graded porous material and two surface layers made of magneto-electro-elastic materials. The equilibrium equations of the nanoshell are formulated using the higher-order shear theory and the nonlocal elastic theory, and then the meshfree method and Newmark’s direct integration technique are used to ascertain the transient reactions of the nanoshell. The unique point of this study is that the investigated nonlocal coefficients vary in space like other mechanical properties of the material. A series of numerical comparisons is performed to assess the model and method’s performance, followed by a set of numerical studies to analyze the impact of input parameters on the shell’s natural and forced vibration responses. These results are expected to yield specific mechanical insights into the magneto-mechanical coupling of nanometer-scale shell structures and materials with multi-directionally varying mechanical properties that include magneto-elastic-elastic layers, thereby aiding in the computational design of practical micro/nanoelectromechanical structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107964"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Topology optimization of structures composed of multiple architected materials with spatially-varying relative density encased in a solid shell","authors":"Leyi Wang,&nbsp;Emily D. Sanders","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107942","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107942","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We present a topology optimization formulation for design of maximally stiff structures composed of multiple architected materials with spatially-varying relative density, encased in a solid shell. A simple erosion-based strategy for defining the shell is integrated with a general multi-architected-material formulation that can handle spatial variations in the architected infill’s relative density. By exploiting the erosion-based strategy, we return to the standard density filter that is based on explicit solution of a convolution integral, rather than using a partial differential equation-based density filter that has become common for shell-infill problems. The standard density filter both simplifies the implementation and the expression of shell thickness, which can be controlled precisely using parameters of operations used to define the shell. Material existence design variables determine whether each point in the domain contains material or void and an erosion of the material existence field distinguishes the solid shell from the porous infill. Architecture selection and relative density design variable fields select from a set of candidate architectures at each design point and define their local relative densities, respectively. Homogenized properties of the candidate architected materials are precomputed and polynomial fits of their stiffness-density relationships allow for continuously-varying relative density in the porous infill region. A range of two-dimensional numerical examples demonstrates the ability to handle many architectures with spatially-varying relative density, accommodate global and local volume constraints, achieve high-quality solid shells with controlled thickness, and tune the designs using parameters of the formulation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107942"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145093974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Optimization of rate-dependent material parameters for accurate blast response prediction in reinforced concrete slabs","authors":"Dawon Park ,&nbsp;Young Kwang Hwang ,&nbsp;Suyeong Jin ,&nbsp;Jung-Wuk Hong","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107961","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107961","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a data-driven optimization methodology applied to the continuous surface cap model (CSCM) to improve blast response prediction in reinforced concrete (RC) slabs. Focusing on three key tensile-related parameters—fracture energy, rate-effect onset, and rate-effect power—the optimization minimizes midspan deflection errors across three TNT charge levels. A two-stage global-to-local search reveals that joint tuning of these parameters eliminates the systematic bias often encountered when using auto-generated CSCM inputs in LS-DYNA. The optimized parameter set yields not only accurate deflection predictions but also realistic failure patterns. The results establish a validated and reusable optimization framework for improving blast simulations that involve fracture energy and strain-rate effects.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107961"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145094151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"One-step SelfSim algorithm: Formulating material models from measured strain fields with machine learning","authors":"Simon Rodriguez,&nbsp;Philip Cardiff","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107944","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107944","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This article introduces a method to formulate material models from measured strain fields using machine learning, termed One-step SelfSim. Unlike the original SelfSim algorithm, which requires two simulations—one with measured displacements and another with measured loads—One-step SelfSim only performs the simulation with the measured loads. The training dataset is created by coupling the simulation’s stress results with a measured strain field.</div><div>The method is applied to an elastoplastic problem, using a recurrent neural network initially trained on linear elastic data to model the behaviour of a steel plate undergoing elastoplastic deformation. Results demonstrate that the machine learning model effectively captures the elastoplastic behaviour, with good agreement between simulation outcomes and expected data, particularly for the displacement field. The model is further tested on a plate with a hole, confirming its applicability in scenarios distinct from the training phase.</div><div>Two additional contributions are presented. First, the SelfSim algorithm is implemented within a finite volume framework, extending its application beyond finite element simulations. Second, a recurrent neural network is employed to represent history-dependent behaviour, replacing the nested modular neural networks commonly used in earlier studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107944"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060302","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Peridynamic simulation of interface fracture in concrete structures","authors":"Yongkang Shu ,&nbsp;Zhenzhong Shen ,&nbsp;Zhangxin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107963","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107963","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Interface fracture is a dominant failure mode in concrete bi-material structures due to weak bond formation. This work develops a 2-dimensional peridynamic (PD) interface model tailored to concrete that considers both interface stiffness and strength, in contrast to most previous studies that focus on homogeneous media or non-concrete bi-materials. We first validate the results of the peridynamic interface model against elastic deformation and rupture propagation in benchmark cases. The model is then applied to investigate rupture propagation in bi-material concrete structures with an initial crack. Numerical results show that fracture paths and failure modes of the bi-material concrete are sensitive to the initial crack locations (in substrate concrete, fresh concrete, or the interface). Stronger bonding between the substrate and fresh concrete promotes crack penetration through the interface, while weaker bonding confines crack propagation to the interface. The findings from this model, beyond their implications for crack propagation in bi-material systems, may also provide actionable insight for improving interface integrity in concrete construction.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107963"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Nonlinear eigenvalue solver for spectral element of beam structures: An exponential matrix polynomial approximation with weighted residual method","authors":"Arindam Das ,&nbsp;Avisek Mukherjee ,&nbsp;Kamal Krishna Bera ,&nbsp;Arnab Banerjee","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107962","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107962","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The spectral element method (SEM) is a widely used frequency-domain technique for dynamic structural analysis. However, its frequency-dependent dynamic stiffness matrix leads to a nonlinear/transcendental eigenvalue problem (NLEP) for obtaining natural frequencies and mode shapes. Traditional numerical approaches, such as iterative root-finding and matrix polynomial linearization, are often used to solve NLEP. While linearization is robust, it becomes computationally expensive with increasing degrees of freedom and polynomial order. This study introduces a novel exponential matrix polynomial approximation of the dynamic stiffness matrix, combined with a weighted residual technique to compute polynomial coefficients without trigonometric or hyperbolic functions. The polynomial eigenvalue problem is then transformed into a generalized eigenvalue problem using a matrix pencil. The proposed method efficiently handles NLEP, even in cases with singularities and closely spaced modes. A lower-order matrix polynomial approximation improves computational efficiency while maintaining accuracy, outperforming Lagrange interpolating polynomials. The natural frequencies and mode shapes of thin-walled beams and frame structures with various boundary conditions are determined using the present NLEP solver, showing a close match with FEM results. However, in FEM the computational time increases exponentially with higher modes, whereas in SEM solved via NLEP, the increase is only marginal.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107962"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145060303","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Robust path-following and branch-switching in isogeometric nonlinear bifurcation analysis of variable angle tow panels with cutouts under compression","authors":"Xiaodong Chen","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107948","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107948","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In this paper, an isogeometric nonlinear analysis framework integrating robust path-following and branch-switching techniques is specifically developed to investigate the nonlinear bifurcation behaviors of variable angle tow composite panels containing cutouts under compressive loads. The framework integrates Reddy’s third-order shear deformation theory with von Kármán’s nonlinearity into an isogeometric analysis formulation. The inherent <span><math><msup><mi>C</mi><mrow><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup></math></span> continuity requirement of Reddy’s plate model is naturally satisfied via non-uniform rational B-splines basis functions. Geometric discontinuities arising from complex cutouts are efficiently addressed using the finite cell method with adaptive quadrature refinement. Nonlinear equilibrium equations under force- or displacement-controlled edge loads are first derived from the principle of virtual work and subsequently solved through robust path-following and branch-switching algorithms. The framework distinguishes itself through three core capabilities: (i) handling snap-through and snap-back instabilities using force- or displacement-controlled arc-length scheme; (ii) locating singular points with quadratic convergence via force- or displacement-controlled pinpointing scheme; and (iii) switching to secondary branches at bifurcation points without artificial perturbations. Its potential applicability can extend to more complex shell structures; however, the present study focuses exclusively on plate structures. The effectiveness and robustness of the proposed framework are validated against finite element solutions from ABAQUS. Effects of load condition, hole size and fiber angle on the nonlinear bifurcation behaviors of variable-stiffness composite panels with cutouts loaded in compression are also discussed in numerical examples. Results demonstrate that favourable variable-stiffness configurations retain their beneficial load redistribution mechanisms even in the presence of cutouts. These findings may provide valuable insights for the design of perforated thin-walled structures.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107948"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049981","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"3D CNN-based crack propagation prediction in peridynamic concrete models under freeze-thaw cycles","authors":"Feng Nie ,&nbsp;Zhengzheng Wang ,&nbsp;Linfeng Liu ,&nbsp;Huili Wang ,&nbsp;Jiang Lin","doi":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107959","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.compstruc.2025.107959","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Freeze-thaw damage is a critical factor compromising the durability of concrete, rendering the prediction of crack evolution under freeze–thaw conditions essential for evaluating concrete service life. In this study, the relationship between pore frost heaving force and the frost heaving force state is derived, resulting in a peridynamic formulation for the concrete freeze–thaw problem. A three-dimensional convolutional neural network (3D CNN) prediction model, driven by peridynamic theory, is developed. The influence of porosity and pore frost heaving force on the freeze–thaw performance of concrete is systematically analyzed. Based on the proposed model, crack damage predictions over 20 freeze–thaw cycles are carried out. The results indicate that freeze–thaw-induced damage in concrete increases with higher porosity and greater pore frost heaving force. Furthermore, to enhance the accuracy of the 3D CNN in capturing the underlying physical mechanisms, it is recommended to appropriately reduce the number of pooling layers. The developed prediction model demonstrates excellent long-term prediction capability, achieving an accuracy exceeding 92.3%. Compared with traditional methods, the computational efficiency is improved. This study provides an approach for predicting freeze–thaw damage and the remaining service life of concrete in practical engineering applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50626,"journal":{"name":"Computers & Structures","volume":"318 ","pages":"Article 107959"},"PeriodicalIF":4.8,"publicationDate":"2025-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145049980","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}