IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-11-20 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz049

Gregory L Mutumi, Gregory L Mutumi, G. Cumming, G. Cumming, S. Sulliván, Alexandre Caron, Carlos Cáceres

{"title":"Using a multi-isotope approach to understand waterfowl movement in southern Africa","authors":"Gregory L Mutumi, Gregory L Mutumi, G. Cumming, G. Cumming, S. Sulliván, Alexandre Caron, Carlos Cáceres","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz049","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz049","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many far-ranging species depend heavily on relatively small or temporary resources within a heterogeneous landscape. For waterfowl, most species rely on deep, permanent waterbodies as refugia from predators during annual flightless molt periods when synchronous loss and regrowth of the flight feathers occurs. The movements of ducks to and from molt sites are, however, poorly documented for most Afrotropical species and the dependencies of Afrotropical ducks on key sites are unclear, yet this information is integral to conservation and management efforts. We asked whether stable isotopes of wing feathers could be used to determine the molting origins of Afrotropical ducks in southern Africa. We analyzed isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, oxygen, and hydrogen in feathers from 4 different species across 5 different sites (wetlands, ponds, lakes) in South Africa, Zimbabwe, Mozambique, and Botswana. We observed differences among sites for all isotopes (P < 0.05), especially δ13C and δ15N. Based on these differences, we conducted linear discriminant function analysis (LDA) to assess the utility of these isotopes to assign birds to molt locations. We obtained a global classification accuracy = 0.59, although accuracies differed among sites. Our results demonstrate the potential of a multi-isotope approach to discriminate among specific molt locations and to provide an initial estimate of molt site. Rigorous documentation of molt site from wing feathers is plausible, but will require large sample sizes, extensive spatial coverage, and careful calibration.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz049","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47067175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Thank You to the Reviewers of the 2019 Condor, Volume 121 感谢《2019秃鹰》第121卷的审稿人

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-11-07 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz053

P. Stouffer, C. Lindell

引用次数: 0

Reproductive success and health of breeding Bank Swallows (Riparia riparia) in aggregate (sand and gravel) pit and natural lakeshore habitats 在骨料（砂石）坑和天然湖岸栖息地繁殖的岸燕（Riparia Riparia）的繁殖成功与健康

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-11-06 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz050

Tianna Burke, Michael D. Cadman, E. Nol

{"title":"Reproductive success and health of breeding Bank Swallows (Riparia riparia) in aggregate (sand and gravel) pit and natural lakeshore habitats","authors":"Tianna Burke, Michael D. Cadman, E. Nol","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz050","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz050","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Bank Swallows (Riparia riparia) are designated as Threatened in Canada, in part due to loss of natural breeding habitat along lakeshores and rivers. Excavation in sand and gravel pits (aka aggregate pits) has increased availability of potential nesting habitat away from lakes and rivers, and these substitute habitats may be important to stabilize the decline experienced by some Bank Swallow populations. Over 2 yr, we collected data on Bank Swallow reproductive success from 2 natural lakeshore habitat sites along bluffs of the north shore of Lake Ontario and 7 aggregate pits in southern Ontario, within 100 km of the lakeshore. Nests at the lakeshore habitat were initiated earlier than in aggregate pits, 8 days earlier in 2014 and 13 days earlier in 2015. Neither clutch size nor number of nestlings were different between the 2 habitat types. There were differences in the number of fledglings produced between the habitat types, with Bank Swallows nesting in aggregate pits raising more fledglings per successful nest. However, birds nesting in aggregate pits also had significantly more nests that raised no fledglings, even though eggs in those nests hatched. Breeding adults from aggregate pits were initially heavier than those from the lakeshore habitat, but their mass decreased significantly over the nesting season. Fledgling masses were not significantly different between habitat types. Parasite loads on fledgling Bank Swallows from aggregate pits were significantly lower than on fledglings from the lakeshore. These indicators suggest that aggregate pits can provide at least equivalent habitat for Bank Swallows to that provided by natural lakeshore habitat, making them potentially key for the recovery of this species in Ontario.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz050","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41686245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 3

Natural hazards and wildlife health: The effects of a volcanic eruption on the Andean Condor 自然灾害和野生动物健康：火山爆发对安第斯秃鹰的影响

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-11-01 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz051

Pablo I. Plaza, G. Wiemeyer, G. Blanco, P. Alarcón, D. Hornero-Méndez, J. Donázar, J. A. Sánchez‐Zapata, F. Hiraldo, Jesús de la Rosa, Sergio A. Lambertucci

{"title":"Natural hazards and wildlife health: The effects of a volcanic eruption on the Andean Condor","authors":"Pablo I. Plaza, G. Wiemeyer, G. Blanco, P. Alarcón, D. Hornero-Méndez, J. Donázar, J. A. Sánchez‐Zapata, F. Hiraldo, Jesús de la Rosa, Sergio A. Lambertucci","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz051","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Volcanic eruptions produce health changes in animals that may be associated with emitted gases and deposited ashes. We evaluated whether the Puyehue–Cordón Caulle volcanic eruption in 2011 produced health changes in the threatened Andean Condor (Vultur gryphus) living in the area most affected by the eruption, northwestern Patagonia. We studied clinical and biochemical parameters of condors examined before and after the eruption. We also examined concentrations of different metals and metalloids in the blood of individuals sampled after the eruption. The most common clinical abnormality associated with the eruptive process was irritating pharyngitis. In condors sampled after the eruption, blood concentrations of albumin, calcium, carotenoids, and total proteins decreased to levels under the reference values reported for this species. We found different chemical elements in the blood of these condors after the eruption, such as arsenic and cadmium, with the potential to produce health impacts. Thus, the health of Andean Condors was affected in different ways by the eruption; remaining in the affected area appears to have been costly. However, in comparison to other animal species, the health impacts were not as strong and were mainly related to food shortages due to the decrease in availability of livestock carcasses linked to the eruption. This suggests that condors dealt relatively well with this massive event. Future research is needed to evaluate if the health changes we found reduce the survival of this species, and if the cost of inhabiting volcanic areas has any ecological or evolutionary influence on the condor's life history.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz051","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43251376","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 7

Variable effects of a changing climate on lay dates and productivity across the range of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker 气候变化对红冠啄木鸟产蛋日期和生产力的影响

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-10-14 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz048

Stephanie M. DeMay, J. Walters

{"title":"Variable effects of a changing climate on lay dates and productivity across the range of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker","authors":"Stephanie M. DeMay, J. Walters","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz048","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz048","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Many temperate bird species are breeding earlier in response to warming temperatures. We examined the effects of climate on breeding phenology and productivity in 19 populations across the range of the Red-cockaded Woodpecker (Dryobates borealis), an endangered species endemic to pine (Pinus spp.) forests in the southeastern United States. Red-cockaded Woodpeckers nested earlier in warmer springs and delayed nesting in wetter springs. Earlier nesting and larger group sizes resulted in higher productivity. Spring temperatures have warmed over time across the range, but this has not led to range-wide advances in nesting date over time. Coastal and northern populations have exhibited a trend of earlier nesting over time, but the response of inland populations has been variable, including some populations in which nesting has become later over time. Geographic patterns included high and increasing productivity at higher latitudes, and declining productivity in the southwestern portion of the range, suggesting a possible shift in acceptable climate conditions for the species. Earlier nesting over time was associated with increasing productivity at higher latitudes, while elsewhere earlier nesting over time was associated with declining or stable productivity, suggesting that populations differ in their ability to adjust to a changing climate. The Red-cockaded Woodpecker is a habitat specialist heavily reliant on habitat management and has little capacity to shift its range, so its long-term viability will depend on its ability to adjust in place to changing local conditions.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz048","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43885733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 5

Anthropogenic noise does not surpass land cover in explaining habitat selection of Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido) 在解释大草原鸡(Tympanuchus cupido)的栖息地选择时，人为噪音不超过土地覆盖

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz044

E. Raynor, J. O. Harrison, Cara E. Whalen, Jennifer A. Smith, W. Schacht, A. Tyre, J. F. Benson, M. Brown, L. Powell

{"title":"Anthropogenic noise does not surpass land cover in explaining habitat selection of Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido)","authors":"E. Raynor, J. O. Harrison, Cara E. Whalen, Jennifer A. Smith, W. Schacht, A. Tyre, J. F. Benson, M. Brown, L. Powell","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz044","url":null,"abstract":"Over the last century, increasing human populations and conversion of grassland to agriculture have had severe consequences for numbers of Greater Prairie-Chicken (Tympanuchus cupido). Understanding Greater Prairie-Chicken response to human disturbance, including the effects of anthropogenic noise and landscape modification, is vital for conserving remaining populations because these disturbances are becoming more common in grassland systems. Here, we evaluate the effect of low-frequency noise emitted from a wind energy facility on habitat selection. We used the Normalized Difference Soundscape Index, a ratio of human-generated and biological acoustic components, to determine the impact of the dominant acoustic characteristics of habitat relative to physical landscape features known to influence within–home range habitat selection. Female Greater Prairie-Chickens avoided wooded areas and row crops but showed no selection or avoidance of wind turbines based on the availability of these features across their home range. Although the acoustic environment near the wind energy facility was dominated by anthropogenic noise, our results show that acoustic habitat selection is not evident for this species. In contrast, our work highlights the need to reduce the presence of trees, which have been historically absent from the region, as well as decrease the conversion of grassland to row-crop agriculture. Our findings suggest physical landscape changes surpass altered acoustic environments in mediating Greater Prairie-Chicken habitat selection.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz044","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44720165","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 6

Corrigendum: Overlap of Pink-footed Shearwaters and central Chilean purse-seine fisheries: Implications for bycatch risk 勘误表：粉脚剪切水和智利中部围网渔业的重叠：副渔获物风险的影响

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-10-05 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz047

R. Carle, J. Felis, Rodrigo Vega, J. Beck, Josh Adams, V. Lopez, P. Hodum, Andrés González, V. Colodro, Tiare Varela

{"title":"Corrigendum: Overlap of Pink-footed Shearwaters and central Chilean purse-seine fisheries: Implications for bycatch risk","authors":"R. Carle, J. Felis, Rodrigo Vega, J. Beck, Josh Adams, V. Lopez, P. Hodum, Andrés González, V. Colodro, Tiare Varela","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz047","url":null,"abstract":"Understanding susceptibility of seabirds to fisheries bycatch requires quantifying overlap of seabird at-sea habitat with fisheries’ distribution and effort. Pink-footed Shearwaters (Ardenna creatopus) are vulnerable seabirds that breed only in Chile. Recently, high rates of Pink-footed Shearwater bycatch (i.e. >1,500 observed mortalities 2015–2017) were documented by observers in central Chilean purse-seine fisheries. We present analysis of Pink-footed Shearwater at-sea movements and overlap with central Chilean purse-seine fleets targeting common sardine (Strangomera bentincki), Peruvian anchoveta (Engraulis ringens), and Chilean jack mackerel (Trachurus murphyi). To determine overlap during 2015–2017, we paired locations from 49 Pink-footed Shearwaters rearing nestlings at Isla Mocha, Chile, with locations and number of observed purse-seine sets in central Chile. Pink-footed Shearwaters typically visited waters ≤30 km offshore throughout central Chile. Foraging trip durations varied interannually, with longer trips in 2016, but all years revealed persistent foraging hotspots near Valdivia, the Gulf of Arauco, and Isla Mocha, Chile. Greatest overlap between Pink-footed Shearwaters and fisheries occurred with the sardine/anchoveta fleet near Valdivia (artisanal and industrial) and the Gulf of Arauco (artisanal); overlap with the jack mackerel fleet was minimal. Given Pink-footed Shearwater bycatch documented in these fisheries, this overlap may indicate risk of bycatch for these birds, although we did not directly quantify shearwater–fisheries interaction. Our results can inform further fishery monitoring efforts, as well as collaboration among scientists, managers, and fishers to identify, quantify, and reduce fisheries bycatch of Pink-footed Shearwaters within Chile and internationally.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz047","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42618366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 1

Short-term riparian restoration success measured by territory density and reproductive success of three songbirds along the Trinity River, California 加利福尼亚州三一河沿岸三只鸣禽的领地密度和繁殖成功率衡量的短期河岸恢复成功率

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz043

Jaime L. Stephens, Sarah M. Rockwell

{"title":"Short-term riparian restoration success measured by territory density and reproductive success of three songbirds along the Trinity River, California","authors":"Jaime L. Stephens, Sarah M. Rockwell","doi":"10.1093/condor/duz043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duz043","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Water crises and endangered salmon are pressing environmental concerns influencing restoration decisions in the western United States. When instream restoration necessitates initial loss of riparian cover to restore floodplain function, a short-term goal to minimize harm to riparian-associated wildlife is a worthwhile benchmark. From 2012 to 2015, we examined short-term restoration success, as measured by territory characteristics and reproductive success in restored and reference sites, for 3 riparian bird species (Song Sparrow [Melospiza melodia], Yellow-breasted Chat [Icteria virens], and Yellow Warbler [Setophaga petechia]) along a 64 km stretch of the Trinity River, California. Territory size had the highest relative variable importance in sets of candidate models explaining territory density for all 3 species, and was inversely related to territory density for each. The effect of site type (i.e. restored vs. reference) in explaining territory density was least for Song Sparrow, greater for Yellow Warbler (for which density was 1.4 times greater on reference sites), and greatest for Yellow-breasted Chat (which were more than twice as dense on reference sites). While territory density and mean territory size were inversely related, we found no relationship between territory density or site type and mean productivity per nest, and nest success did not differ between restored and reference sites for any species. In combination, these results suggest that restoration has achieved short-term success as measured by reproductive success, but has not yet been fully successful in supporting similar territory densities as reference sites. In order to determine whether long-term restoration goals are fully achieved, future research should continue to measure density of the 3 focal species as vegetation on the replanted floodplains matures.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2019-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duz043","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45550399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 4

Ospreys: The Revival of a Global Raptor 鱼鹰：全球猛禽的复兴

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-10-03 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz045

I. Macleod

引用次数: 11

Birds of Maryland, Delaware, and the District of Columbia 马里兰、特拉华州和哥伦比亚特区的鸟类

IF 2.4 2区生物学

Condor Pub Date : 2019-10-02 DOI: 10.1093/condor/duz046

Jean L. Woods

引用次数: 0

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