Condor最新文献

{"title":"Dawn Songs: A Birdwatcher’s Field Guide to the Poetics of Migration","authors":"Henry T Armistead","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"66 26","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natal forest fragment size does not predict fledgling, pre-migration or apparent annual survival in Wood Thrushes","authors":"Sue M Hayes, Brendan P Boyd, Alexandra M Israel, Bridget J M Stutchbury","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Determining the drivers and mechanisms for first year survival of migratory songbirds has been an understudied area in population dynamics due to the difficulty in tracking juveniles once they have dispersed from the natal site. With the advancement in miniaturization of radio-tags (battery life ~400 days) and the development of the Motus Wildlife Tracking System, we tracked 189 Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) nestlings through independence and to fall migration departure, and their return the following spring. Natal forest fragment size and landscape forest cover (at different spatial scales) were not strong predictors of fledgling, pre-migration, or apparent annual survival; and onset of fall migration was best predicted by fledge date but not natal fragment size. Survival probability was lowest the first 16 days post-fledging (70%, or 0.86 weekly survival probability), very high for juveniles as they explored the landscape prior to fall migration (89%, or 0.99 weekly survival probability) and low during their first migration and wintering season (26%, or 0.95 weekly survival probability). To our knowledge, this is the first study to directly estimate annual apparent juvenile survival in a migratory songbird using year-round radio-tracking. Our study suggests that small forest fragments are important for the conservation for forest songbirds because they can support high survival of juveniles.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you to the reviewers of the 2023 <i>Ornithological Applications</i>, volume 125","authors":"Catherine Lindell","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad051","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Corrected proof Thank you to the reviewers of the 2023 Ornithological Applications, volume 125 Get access Catherine Lindell Catherine Lindell Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA clindell@americanornithology.org Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ornithological Applications, duad051, https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad051 Published: 12 October 2023 Article history Corrected and typeset: 12 October 2023 Published: 12 October 2023","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136014631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predator exclosures increase nest success but reduce adult survival and increase dispersal distance of Piping Plovers, indicating exclosures should be used with caution","authors":"Michelle L Stantial, Jonathan B Cohen, Abigail J Darrah, Brooke Maslo","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Diagnosing unsuccessful population outcomes for endangered species requires understanding relationships among vital rates, ecological conditions, and management variables, including unintended consequences of management actions. The federally threatened Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) has remained below recovery goals, despite intensive management, including the use of nest exclosures to protect eggs from predation. We studied ecological factors and management actions affecting nest success, survival, site fidelity, and dispersal of the New Jersey, USA population of Piping Plovers over a 7-yr period, focused on evaluating the impact of exclosures on demography. While exclosures increased nest success by 62% over a 34-day period, exclosed nests were 4.7 times more likely to be abandoned, which was likely a consequence of adult mortality. Abandoned nests were associated with lower adult survival, particularly for males, but there was evidence that site fidelity was greater for birds whose last nest was exclosed vs. unexclosed. Regardless of exclosure status, females who abandoned their first nesting attempt dispersed 10 times farther between attempts than those whose first nest attempts were lost to other causes. Moreover, females that abandoned their last nesting attempts dispersed farther than females that lost their last nest to predation or flooding. This difference was more substantial for males. Our results corroborate studies documenting adverse impacts of exclosures on survival, and, for the first time, demonstrate that surviving mates (particularly females) emigrate from the breeding site, resulting in a realized loss of a local breeding pair. Further, we used an online population project model (i.e., PiperEx) to demonstrate that exclosures are not expected to improve growth rates in New Jersey. We conclude that there is a trade-off among increased nest survival, reduced adult survival and increased emigration rates, and we encourage managers to consider whether exclosures are worth the protection of eggs from predators using online decision support tools.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135936488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty-years of community-science data suggest earlier fall migration and short-stopping of waterfowl in North America","authors":"Amelia R Cox, Barbara Frei, Sarah E Gutowsky, Frank B Baldwin, Kristin Bianchini, Christian Roy","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Worldwide, migratory phenology and movement of many bird species is shifting in response to anthropogenic climate and habitat changes. However, due to variation among species and a shortage of analyses, changes in waterfowl migration, particularly in the fall, are not well understood. Fall migration phenology and movement patterns dictate waterfowl hunting success and satisfaction, with cascading implications on economies and support for habitat management and securement. Using 60 years of band recovery data for waterfowl banded in the Canadian Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), we evaluated whether fall migration timing and/or distribution changed in Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Northern Pintail (A. acuta), and Blue-winged Teal (Spatula discors) between 1960 and 2019. We found that in the Midcontinent Flyways, Mallards and Blue-winged Teal migrated faster in more recent time periods, whereas Northern Pintail began fall migration earlier. In the Pacific Flyway, Mallards began fall migration earlier. Both Mallards and Northern Pintails showed evidence of short-stopping in the Midcontinent Flyways. Indeed, the Mallard and Northern Pintail distribution of band recovery data shifted 180 and 226 km north, respectively, from 1960 to 2019. Conversely, Blue-winged Teal recovery distributions were consistent across years. Mallards and Northern Pintails also exhibited an increased proportion of band recoveries in the Pacific Flyway in recent decades. We provide clear evidence that the timing and routes of fall migration have shifted over the past 6 decades, but these phenological and spatial shifts differ among species. We suggest that using community-science data collected by hunters themselves to explain one of the group’s major concerns (changes in duck abundance at traditional hunting grounds), within the environmental lens of climate change, may help lead to further engagement and two-way dialogue to support effective waterfowl management for these culturally and ecologically important species.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health research in academic health systems: time for a new model.","authors":"Harold R Collard, Sarah Hooper, Joanne Spetz","doi":"10.1093/haschl/qxad012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/haschl/qxad012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research, along with patient care and education, is a core element of the academic health system's tripartite mission; it is essential to the academic health system's societal commitment to advancing the public's health. Research at academic health systems in the United States is increasingly resource-constrained and, in important ways, the underlying financial model supporting it has reached a point of unsustainability. This commentary reviews the roles that health research at academic health systems plays in society, describes the ways in which the current model of health research is under strain, and proposes an evolved model and series of organizational and operational steps to consider in moving health research forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"90 1","pages":"qxad012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10986267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90510821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Neurotrauma and Sensory Loss.","authors":"Yusuf Mehkri, Chadwin Hanna, Sai Sriram, Ramya Reddy, Jairo Hernandez, Jeff A Valisno, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.47363/JNRRR/2022(4)158","DOIUrl":"10.47363/JNRRR/2022(4)158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurotrauma can cause devastating outcomes for patients both from primary as well as secondary injury. Sensory loss following neurotrauma is often overlooked and undermanaged. To gain awareness about this important topic, we highlight key findings of visual, hearing, taste, and smell disturbances that can occur after injury. The pathways are highlighted as well as significant pathophysiology. Both primary disruption as well as secondary disruptions from ongoing inflammation are addressed. The figures are designed to be user friendly guides for the clinician to help manage these patients. In the final section, we address key management strategies and approaches. The strategies deal with multidisciplinary care as well as multimodality treatments. This review serves as a primer for early recognition of deficits and initiation of appropriate treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90426229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you to the reviewers of the 2020 Condor, volume 122","authors":"C. Lindell","doi":"10.1093/condor/duaa053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duaa053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"122 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duaa053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45510848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Habitat ecology of Nearctic–Neotropical migratory landbirds on the nonbreeding grounds","authors":"S. Albert, Jared D. Wolfe, Jherime Kellerman, T. Sherry, B. Stutchbury, Nicholas J. Bayly, A. Ruiz-Sánchez","doi":"10.1093/condor/duaa055","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duaa055","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Of the approximately 716 bird species that breed in North America, 386 (54%) are considered Nearctic–Neotropical migrants by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. In the past 50 yr, scores of these migratory species, including some once considered common, have declined dramatically. Nearctic–Neotropical migrants normally spend 6–8 months in tropical habitats, making the identification, availability, and management of Neotropical habitats critical issues for their conservation. Yet, for most species, complete and nuanced information about their use of tropical habitats and the relative effects of breeding vs. wintering conditions on survival, productivity, and population trends is not available, though many studies point to Neotropical overwintering habitats as being a strong driver of population change. Particularly important for long-distance Nearctic–Neotropical migrants is an understanding of how “carry-over effects” arise and influence population trends when conditions on wintering grounds and tropical stopover areas affect subsequent reproductive performance on breeding grounds. For example, why some species show strong carry-over effects from tropical habitats while others do not is not fully understood. In recent years, many studies have offered insights into these issues by taking advantage of new scientific methods and technological innovations. In this review, we explore threats facing North American breeding birds that migrate to the Neotropics, summarize knowledge of habitat selection and use on the wintering grounds, describe how conditions at one point in the annual cycle may manifest in subsequent seasons or life history stages, and discuss conservation concerns such as climate change and the potential for phenological mismatch. LAY SUMMARY More than half of the bird species that breed in North America, representing billions of birds, migrate to the Neotropics. In the past 50 years, scores of these species have declined dramatically. Migratory birds normally spend 6–8 months in tropical habitats, making the conservation of these species an international challenge. Yet, for most species, complete and nuanced information about their use of tropical habitats and the relative effects of breeding vs. wintering conditions on survival, productivity, and population trends is not available. Accelerating climate change is adding to the urgency of our gaining an understanding of the full annual and migratory cycle of these birds. In recent years, many studies have offered insights into these issues by taking advantage of new scientific methods and technological innovations.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 18"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duaa055","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45712086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Conservation social science in Ornithological Applications","authors":"C. Lindell","doi":"10.1093/condor/duaa056","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duaa056","url":null,"abstract":"The editorial board of The Condor: Ornithological Applications invites authors to consider the journal for their conservation social science papers that focus on birds. The journal, soon to be renamed Ornithological Applications, publishes articles that advance the conservation and management of birds. Few articles to date have been in the realm of conservation social science, a field that uses the theories and methods of the social sciences to improve conservation outcomes. As Dayer et al. (2020) argue in this issue of the journal, conservation efforts must consider and integrate human values, perceptions, activities, and organizational structures in order to be effective. We encourage authors to submit studies that address human attitudes and behavior toward birds, the economics of recreational activities related to birds, traditional ecological knowledge, and social and economic facets of bird activity in unmanaged and managed ecosystems such as agriculture. Studies should inform real-world issues. For example, how should we integrate knowledge of indigenous subsistence use of birds into conservation policy and practice (Naves et al. 2019)? How can we reduce barriers to farmers of employing bird-friendly pest management techniques (Bardenhagen et al. 2020)? Studies that investigate whether and how particular strategies and/or policies aid in bird conservation and management are of particular interest. For example, Salazar et al. (2019) evaluated the likely causes of a large population increase in the threatened Yellowshouldered Amazon Parrot (Amazona barbadensis) on the island of Bonaire in the Caribbean. The investigators used surveys of stakeholders and an analytical framework including General Elimination Methodology and Theory of Change techniques. They determined that the significant increase in the parrot population from 1998 to 2018 could be attributed to a social marketing campaign, environmental education in schools, and enforcement of laws related to illegal possession of the parrots, thus illustrating the value of a multi-pronged approach to parrot conservation (Salazar et al. 2019). The social science papers we seek should provide links between mechanisms of bird declines and conservation outcomes. For example, among other threats, birds suffer from collisions with buildings (Riding et al. 2019), domestic cats (Loss et al. 2013), and light pollution (Ferraro et al. 2020). Social science studies that inform efforts to address these issues are critical. Which strategies will be effective in working with local governing bodies, architects, and the general public to adapt building designs, keep pet cats indoors, and modify the schedule of lighting in cities, to reduce impacts on birds? Ornithological Applications will continue to publish high-quality research about bird biology, methodological and analytical techniques, threats to birds, and the roles of birds in ecosystems. I urge AOS members, particularly those of us with traditional","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":" ","pages":"1 - 2"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2020-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duaa056","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45717264","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}