Condor最新文献

{"title":"Gene expression plasticity in response to rapid and extreme elevation changes in Perdix hodgsoniae (Tibetan Partridge).","authors":"Nan Wang, Catalina Palacios, Megan Brown, Teresa Raba, Jonathan Heid, Xujie Ding, Zhibu Ou, Nishma Dahal, Sangeet Lamichhaney","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duae050","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ornithapp/duae050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Phenotypic plasticity is a vital biological process facilitating the persistence of organisms amid rapid environmental changes. Investigating the genetic basis of plastic traits necessitates transplantation experiments, but much of the existing research has focused on laboratory model systems. Transplant experiments in the wild may provide better understanding of how plasticity operates in the context of real-world challenges. However, performing transplantation experiments in non-model systems, such as birds, could be challenging. In this study, we aim to develop <i>Perdix hodgsoniae</i> (Tibetan Partridge) inhabiting the highlands of the Tibetan Plateau as a suitable system to study genetic basis underlying short-term plastic response to rapid changes in elevation. We did a first attempt of field-based transplantation experiment by exposing <i>P. hodgsoniae</i> individuals to extreme change in elevation from their native elevation (3,623 m) to a low elevation outside their natural distribution range (500 m). We compared changes in gene expression in these birds at different time points, pre-transplant (day 0), and post-transplant (days 3 and 22). The birds successfully survived transplantation and exhibited well-being after 22 days. We identified a total of 715 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) across these time points. Our analysis revealed a genome-wide decrease in expression following the transplantation, indicating that the birds possibly exhibited stress-induced transcriptional attenuation (SITA) because of the extreme change in elevation, suggesting a broader response at the transcriptional level, possibly as a mechanism to cope with extreme changes in the environment. Our analysis further suggested that heat stress posed an immediate challenge for the birds following the transplant, as we identified changes in expression in many genes associated with heat stress response. Our findings affirm the viability of conducting transplant experiments in the <i>P. hodgsoniae</i> and provides initial insights into gene expression changes associated with the plastic response to rapid changes in elevation in these birds.</p>","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"127 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2025-02-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC12068806/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144049398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Feathers, folklore, and eco-literacy: Stories ascribe cultural keystone status to avian scavengers in South Asian cities.","authors":"Urvi Gupta, Nishant Kumar","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duae056","DOIUrl":"10.1093/ornithapp/duae056","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>We examined the cultural significance of commensal avian scavenger species-vultures, kites, and crows-and their exploitation of anthropogenic resources and sentiments within Delhi's urban landscapes. For this, we investigated the intrinsic values attributed to these birds by people, which are indicative of complex, rapidly urbanizing social-ecological systems. Semi-structured interviews revealed folk perceptions intertwined with socio-cultural narratives and traditions, shaped by observations of avian morphology, ecology, and behavior. Birds' nesting habits, habitats, home ranges, and foraging behaviors affected people's perceptions, while ecosystem services inspired zoomorphism and anthropomorphism via vernacular-nomenclature (e.g., <i>chidiya</i> collectively for songbirds, <i>giddha</i> for scavenging raptors). Culturally rooted perceptions, which informed ritual feeding practices and shaped prevalent attitudes toward commensal species, fostered mutual tolerance, and brought people into closer contact with urban biodiversity. Such physical and cultural proximity is a defining characteristic distinguishing tropical urban ecosystems from their Western counterparts. We also uncovered the web of social-technological influences on animal-related folk stories. The urbanization of perceptions in vulture extinction zones revealed shifts in social-ecological relationships with wildlife. It adds cultural dimensions to the currently appreciated keystone status of vultures, vital for their erstwhile coexistence at extremely high densities in South Asia. Urban transformations, technological advancements, and media exposure potentially reshaped human-animal interface, with media misinformation affecting personalized ecologies. Conflicts and health concerns arose from media narratives on garbage-consuming animals. Our findings offer insights to prevent severing of people and nature connections due to urbanization (e.g., technological applications can integrate scientific knowledge with biocultural narratives and folklore), promoting a new-age eco-literacy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"127 1","pages":"duae056"},"PeriodicalIF":2.6,"publicationDate":"2024-10-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC11822674/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144259276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dawn Songs: A Birdwatcher’s Field Guide to the Poetics of Migration","authors":"Henry T Armistead","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"66 26","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136282630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Natal forest fragment size does not predict fledgling, pre-migration or apparent annual survival in Wood Thrushes","authors":"Sue M Hayes, Brendan P Boyd, Alexandra M Israel, Bridget J M Stutchbury","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad054","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad054","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Determining the drivers and mechanisms for first year survival of migratory songbirds has been an understudied area in population dynamics due to the difficulty in tracking juveniles once they have dispersed from the natal site. With the advancement in miniaturization of radio-tags (battery life ~400 days) and the development of the Motus Wildlife Tracking System, we tracked 189 Wood Thrush (Hylocichla mustelina) nestlings through independence and to fall migration departure, and their return the following spring. Natal forest fragment size and landscape forest cover (at different spatial scales) were not strong predictors of fledgling, pre-migration, or apparent annual survival; and onset of fall migration was best predicted by fledge date but not natal fragment size. Survival probability was lowest the first 16 days post-fledging (70%, or 0.86 weekly survival probability), very high for juveniles as they explored the landscape prior to fall migration (89%, or 0.99 weekly survival probability) and low during their first migration and wintering season (26%, or 0.95 weekly survival probability). To our knowledge, this is the first study to directly estimate annual apparent juvenile survival in a migratory songbird using year-round radio-tracking. Our study suggests that small forest fragments are important for the conservation for forest songbirds because they can support high survival of juveniles.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135853315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you to the reviewers of the 2023 <i>Ornithological Applications</i>, volume 125","authors":"Catherine Lindell","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad051","url":null,"abstract":"Journal Article Corrected proof Thank you to the reviewers of the 2023 Ornithological Applications, volume 125 Get access Catherine Lindell Catherine Lindell Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, USA clindell@americanornithology.org Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Ornithological Applications, duad051, https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad051 Published: 12 October 2023 Article history Corrected and typeset: 12 October 2023 Published: 12 October 2023","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136014631","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Predator exclosures increase nest success but reduce adult survival and increase dispersal distance of Piping Plovers, indicating exclosures should be used with caution","authors":"Michelle L Stantial, Jonathan B Cohen, Abigail J Darrah, Brooke Maslo","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad047","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad047","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Diagnosing unsuccessful population outcomes for endangered species requires understanding relationships among vital rates, ecological conditions, and management variables, including unintended consequences of management actions. The federally threatened Piping Plover (Charadrius melodus) has remained below recovery goals, despite intensive management, including the use of nest exclosures to protect eggs from predation. We studied ecological factors and management actions affecting nest success, survival, site fidelity, and dispersal of the New Jersey, USA population of Piping Plovers over a 7-yr period, focused on evaluating the impact of exclosures on demography. While exclosures increased nest success by 62% over a 34-day period, exclosed nests were 4.7 times more likely to be abandoned, which was likely a consequence of adult mortality. Abandoned nests were associated with lower adult survival, particularly for males, but there was evidence that site fidelity was greater for birds whose last nest was exclosed vs. unexclosed. Regardless of exclosure status, females who abandoned their first nesting attempt dispersed 10 times farther between attempts than those whose first nest attempts were lost to other causes. Moreover, females that abandoned their last nesting attempts dispersed farther than females that lost their last nest to predation or flooding. This difference was more substantial for males. Our results corroborate studies documenting adverse impacts of exclosures on survival, and, for the first time, demonstrate that surviving mates (particularly females) emigrate from the breeding site, resulting in a realized loss of a local breeding pair. Further, we used an online population project model (i.e., PiperEx) to demonstrate that exclosures are not expected to improve growth rates in New Jersey. We conclude that there is a trade-off among increased nest survival, reduced adult survival and increased emigration rates, and we encourage managers to consider whether exclosures are worth the protection of eggs from predators using online decision support tools.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135936488","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sixty-years of community-science data suggest earlier fall migration and short-stopping of waterfowl in North America","authors":"Amelia R Cox, Barbara Frei, Sarah E Gutowsky, Frank B Baldwin, Kristin Bianchini, Christian Roy","doi":"10.1093/ornithapp/duad041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/ornithapp/duad041","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Worldwide, migratory phenology and movement of many bird species is shifting in response to anthropogenic climate and habitat changes. However, due to variation among species and a shortage of analyses, changes in waterfowl migration, particularly in the fall, are not well understood. Fall migration phenology and movement patterns dictate waterfowl hunting success and satisfaction, with cascading implications on economies and support for habitat management and securement. Using 60 years of band recovery data for waterfowl banded in the Canadian Prairie Pothole Region (PPR), we evaluated whether fall migration timing and/or distribution changed in Mallard (Anas platyrhynchos), Northern Pintail (A. acuta), and Blue-winged Teal (Spatula discors) between 1960 and 2019. We found that in the Midcontinent Flyways, Mallards and Blue-winged Teal migrated faster in more recent time periods, whereas Northern Pintail began fall migration earlier. In the Pacific Flyway, Mallards began fall migration earlier. Both Mallards and Northern Pintails showed evidence of short-stopping in the Midcontinent Flyways. Indeed, the Mallard and Northern Pintail distribution of band recovery data shifted 180 and 226 km north, respectively, from 1960 to 2019. Conversely, Blue-winged Teal recovery distributions were consistent across years. Mallards and Northern Pintails also exhibited an increased proportion of band recoveries in the Pacific Flyway in recent decades. We provide clear evidence that the timing and routes of fall migration have shifted over the past 6 decades, but these phenological and spatial shifts differ among species. We suggest that using community-science data collected by hunters themselves to explain one of the group’s major concerns (changes in duck abundance at traditional hunting grounds), within the environmental lens of climate change, may help lead to further engagement and two-way dialogue to support effective waterfowl management for these culturally and ecologically important species.","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"94 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135889843","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Health research in academic health systems: time for a new model.","authors":"Harold R Collard, Sarah Hooper, Joanne Spetz","doi":"10.1093/haschl/qxad012","DOIUrl":"10.1093/haschl/qxad012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Research, along with patient care and education, is a core element of the academic health system's tripartite mission; it is essential to the academic health system's societal commitment to advancing the public's health. Research at academic health systems in the United States is increasingly resource-constrained and, in important ways, the underlying financial model supporting it has reached a point of unsustainability. This commentary reviews the roles that health research at academic health systems plays in society, describes the ways in which the current model of health research is under strain, and proposes an evolved model and series of organizational and operational steps to consider in moving health research forward.</p>","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"90 1","pages":"qxad012"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC10986267/pdf/","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90510821","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Overview of Neurotrauma and Sensory Loss.","authors":"Yusuf Mehkri, Chadwin Hanna, Sai Sriram, Ramya Reddy, Jairo Hernandez, Jeff A Valisno, Brandon Lucke-Wold","doi":"10.47363/JNRRR/2022(4)158","DOIUrl":"10.47363/JNRRR/2022(4)158","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neurotrauma can cause devastating outcomes for patients both from primary as well as secondary injury. Sensory loss following neurotrauma is often overlooked and undermanaged. To gain awareness about this important topic, we highlight key findings of visual, hearing, taste, and smell disturbances that can occur after injury. The pathways are highlighted as well as significant pathophysiology. Both primary disruption as well as secondary disruptions from ongoing inflammation are addressed. The figures are designed to be user friendly guides for the clinician to help manage these patients. In the final section, we address key management strategies and approaches. The strategies deal with multidisciplinary care as well as multimodality treatments. This review serves as a primer for early recognition of deficits and initiation of appropriate treatments.</p>","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90426229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Thank you to the reviewers of the 2020 Condor, volume 122","authors":"C. Lindell","doi":"10.1093/condor/duaa053","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1093/condor/duaa053","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50624,"journal":{"name":"Condor","volume":"122 1","pages":"1 - 3"},"PeriodicalIF":2.4,"publicationDate":"2021-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1093/condor/duaa053","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45510848","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}