World Journal of English Language最新文献

筛选
英文 中文
Offering Guidance for Arab Women in the West in Leila Aboulela’s Minaret and Bird Summons Leila Aboulela 的《尖塔与鸟叫》为西方阿拉伯妇女提供指导
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-19 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p284
Mais M. Salah, N. Awajan
{"title":"Offering Guidance for Arab Women in the West in Leila Aboulela’s Minaret and Bird Summons","authors":"Mais M. Salah, N. Awajan","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p284","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p284","url":null,"abstract":"The current study explores Leila Aboulela’s literary representations of the problems faced by Arab women living in the West, and how they overcome them in her novels Minaret and Bird Summons. Both novels are analyzed through the lens of postcolonialism, and especially through the views of Edward Said. The contribution of the current study lies in the fact that limited studies have been conducted on Bird Summons since it is considered a new literary work. Moreover, previous studies tackle each literary work independently, whereas the current research tackles both novels together. Furthermore, Aboulela’s Minaret has been the subject of many studies, but little research has been done on how she embodies the challenges that Arab women living in the West encounter.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":"48 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139612175","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 13, No. 9 世界英语语言杂志》第 13 卷第 9 期审稿人致谢
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-17 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v13n9p48
Joe Nelson
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 13, No. 9","authors":"Joe Nelson","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v13n9p48","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n9p48","url":null,"abstract":"World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 13, Number 9Abdul Majeed Hameed Joodi, Al-Farahidi University, Baghdad, IraqAbdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaBradley Lloyd, University of Antwerp, BelgiumHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranJeffrey Mcgee, University of Pittsburgh, United StatesJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, Philippines","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" July","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139617903","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 14, No. 1 世界英语语言杂志》第 14 卷第 1 期审稿人致谢
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n1p561
Joe Nelson
{"title":"Reviewer Acknowledgements for World Journal of English Language, Vol. 14, No. 1","authors":"Joe Nelson","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n1p561","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n1p561","url":null,"abstract":"World Journal of English Language wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their assistance with peer review of manuscripts for this issue. Their help and contributions in maintaining the quality of the journal are greatly appreciated.World Journal of English Language is recruiting reviewers for the journal. If you are interested in becoming a reviewer, we welcome you to join us. Please contact us for the application form at: wjel@sciedupress.comReviewers for Volume 14, Number 1Abdul Syahid, Institut Agama Islam Negeri Palangka Raya, IndonesiaAbdulfattah Omar, The Australian National University, AustraliaAli Hussein Hazem, University of Patras, GreeceAmer M Th Ahmed, Dhofar University, OmanAnna Maria Kuzio, University of Zielona Gora, PolandAntonio Piga, University of Cagliari, ItalyAravind B R, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, IndiaAtyaf Hasan Ibrahim, Al Iraqia University, IraqAyman Khafaga, Suez Canal University, EgyptBadri Abdulhakim Mudhsh, University of Technology and Applied Sciences, OmanBeibei Ren, University of South Florida, USABerhane Gerencheal, Aksum University, EthiopiaChristian Jay Olandria Syting, University of Mindanao, PhilippinesDeena Elshazly, Arab Academy for Science, Technology and Maritime Transport, EgyptDon Anton Balida, International College of Engineering and Management, OmanFatma Abusrewel, The University of Tripoli, LibyaGhazwan Mohammed Saeed Mohammed, University of Bisha, Saudi ArabiaHossein Salarian, University of Tehran, IranHouaria Chaal, Hassiba Ben Bouali University of Chlef, AlgeriaHussain Hamid Ali Ghazzaly, Al-Azhar University, EgyptInayatullah Kakepoto, Quaid-e-Awam University of Engineering Science & Technology, Nawabshah, PakistanJamal Uthman Nogoud, University of Buraimi, OmanJergen Jel A. Cinco- Labaria, Western Philippines University, PhilippinesJunhua Peng, Anshun University/Universiti Putra Malaysia, ChinaKanthimathi Krishnasamy, Shrimathi Devkunvar Nanalal Bhatt Vaishnav College for Women, IndiaKristiawan Indriyanto, Universitas Prima Indonesia, IndonesiaL. Santhosh Kumar, Kristu Jayanti College ( Autonomous), IndiaLihong Ding, Lanzhou University of Arts and Sciences, ChinaMaria Isabel Maldonado Garcia, University of the Punjab, PakistanMeenakshi Sharma Yadav, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi ArabiaMelania Terrazas Gallego, University of La Rioja, SpainMohamad Amin Shirkhani, University of sistan and baluchestan, IranMohamad Fadhili bin Yahaya, Universiti Teknologi Mara Perlis Branch, MalaysiaMohammed AbdAlgane, Qassim University, Saudi ArabiaMuhammad Farkhan, Universitas Islam Negeri Syarif Hidayatullah Jakarta, IndonesiaMuhammad Mooneeb Ali, HED punjab, PakistanMuhammed Ibrahim Hamood, University of Mosul, IraqMundi Rahayu, Universitas Islam Negeri Maulana Malik Ibrahim Malang, IndonesiaMusa Saleh, Qimam Al-Ulum Institute for Languages, Saudi ArabiaNing Li, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University (GDPU), ChinaNuriadi Nuriadi, University of Mataram, IndonesiaOlena Andrushe","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" 29","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139621660","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Challenges Experienced by EFL Learners in the Context of the ESP Course at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia 沙特阿拉伯卡西姆大学 EFL 学习者在 ESP 课程中遇到的挑战
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-15 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n1p551
Abdulghani Eissa Tour Mohammed, Mohammed Abdalgane, Asjad Ahmed Saeed Balla, Awwad Othman Abdelaziz Ahmed
{"title":"Challenges Experienced by EFL Learners in the Context of the ESP Course at Qassim University, Saudi Arabia","authors":"Abdulghani Eissa Tour Mohammed, Mohammed Abdalgane, Asjad Ahmed Saeed Balla, Awwad Othman Abdelaziz Ahmed","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n1p551","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n1p551","url":null,"abstract":"This study summarizes difficulties associated with studying a course entitled \"English Language 01, with a university code (ENG 101) as a general university requirement course for non-specialist students taught to various departments at Qassim University. ENG 101, is a university preparatory course with an overall objective that goes beyond improving student English language skills, which remained a challenge for some students. Despite the clarity of its objectives, achieving these goals is difficult for some students, especially those who joined colleges with poor language skills. Thus, their problems go back to previous stages where traditional teaching methods were prevalent. Concerning data collection required for investigating problems associated with the present study, the researchers used a qualitative data collection technique that involves gathering and processing numerical data to conduct statistical analysis. Data analysis showed several significant findings, writing and listening respectively emerge as the most formidable talent, as evidenced by a great number of \"Not Good At\" responses, with the majority of participants experiencing difficulty with these two essential skills.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139623256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Linguistic Landscape in the Tourist Area, Lembang Bandung, Indonesia 印度尼西亚兰邦万隆旅游区的语言景观
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p230
Yasir Mubarok, Dadang Sudana, Zamzam Nurhuda, Dewi Yanti
{"title":"Linguistic Landscape in the Tourist Area, Lembang Bandung, Indonesia","authors":"Yasir Mubarok, Dadang Sudana, Zamzam Nurhuda, Dewi Yanti","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p230","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p230","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the linguistic landscape of Lembang, Bandung, Indonesia. The field site is situated in a region distinguished by the longstanding presence of diverse cultures and a high degree of multilingualism. This study employed photographs as the primary data source to gather samples from the tourist area of Lembang. The research methodology employed in this study involved the use of photographs. The data presented demonstrate the presence of multiple dimensions that characterize the linguistic landscape of a tourist area. The 83 photographs reveal the language distribution of the Lembang LL. There are three public signs discernible from the language usage of LL signs: monolingual, bilingual, and multilingual. The linguistic landscape in Lembang LL demonstrates a complex interplay of sociopolitical and economic factors, resulting in a multifaceted phenomenon. The results indicate that Indonesian, as the sole national and official language of the country, occupies a prominent position on all signs. English is recognized as the second most significant language in Indonesia, following Indonesian, and is widely used as a means of international communication. Nevertheless, it is regrettable that Sundanese is not predominantly utilized, particularly within the economic realm or business world in the Lembang region. The aforementioned findings indicate that English and Indonesian in Lembang possess both symbolic and commercial significance. Furthermore, the linguistic landscape (LL) in Lembang progressively transforms into a commodified entity.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" 30","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Seeing Beyond Words: An Investigation of Students' Opinions on Interactive Murals for Vocabulary Teaching 看得见的语言之外:学生对用于词汇教学的互动壁画的看法调查
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p174
Sri Yuliani, Ari Linarta
{"title":"Seeing Beyond Words: An Investigation of Students' Opinions on Interactive Murals for Vocabulary Teaching","authors":"Sri Yuliani, Ari Linarta","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p174","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p174","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigates the ways in which students view interactive murals as part of the vocabulary teaching and learning process in the classroom. A qualitative methodology and survey were administered to 22 elementary school students. The three components of the questionnaire were as follows: the pedagogical content of the feature of interactive mural, and motivation in using the murals. The questionnaire was administered to a research sample of 22 students who were specifically selected for the study. With a coefficient of scalability (CS) of at least 0.60 and a coefficient of reproducibility (CR) of at least 0.90, the data were deemed to meet the unidimental and cumulative features after being analyzed using the Guttman scale. The results revealed that the mean CS score was 0.91, indicating that the coefficients of scalability were deemed good, and the mean CR score from the three indicators was 0.90, indicating that the CR results were valid. Considering the mean recapitulation rate among the students was 16,33%, the students’ perception was positive. The results, which showed that students’ perceptions of the interactive smural’s use as a technology in the classroom were positively correlated with their use of learning resources. It was possible for the students to acquire new teaching tools, such as interactive murals. Murals werehave been suggested as a potentially engaging substitute for traditional classroom media, particularly when teaching vocabulary. In summary, by documenting the diverse perspectives, this research not only sheds light on the perceived advantages of interactive murals but also emphasizes how these visual aids can be utilizedused to create captivating and productive vocabulary learning opportunities. The findings have implications for teachers, curriculum developers, and legislators who want to improve vocabulary instruction in the classrooms by incorporating interactive and visually appealing elements of murals.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139624866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
The Use of Arabic in Teaching and Learning Foreign Languages for Saudi Language Learners: A Case Study 在沙特语言学习者的外语教学中使用阿拉伯语:案例研究
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p158
M. Damanhouri
{"title":"The Use of Arabic in Teaching and Learning Foreign Languages for Saudi Language Learners: A Case Study","authors":"M. Damanhouri","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p158","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p158","url":null,"abstract":"This paper explores the effectiveness of first-language (L1) use in teaching and learning Chinese as a foreign language (CFL) from the perceptions of learners and instructors in Saudi Arabia. Although this issue has been studied in the context of English as a foreign language (EFL), less commonly spoken languages in Saudi Arabia have not received as much attention from scholars. 60 undergraduate students who have passed beginner levels in the Department of Chinese at the University of Jeddah were given a questionnaire. Five focus groups were organized, each consisting of five students, and one that included the only two instructors in the department, to gather data about participants' attitudes, perceptions, and experiences related to the topic. The findings suggest that using L1 for instruction and communication in CFL classrooms is essential in the first stages of learning the language, and that the learning process can take two years, due to the uniqueness of the language. Although the systematic and purposeful use of L1 has already been encouraged in the context of learning EFL, this approach could potentially be used in CFL classrooms after the students have successfully acquired basic language skills.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" 17","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139625272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Vocabulary Knowledge of EFL Teachers in Saudi Public Schools 探索沙特公立学校英语教师的词汇知识
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2024-01-12 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p194
Faisal Al-Homoud
{"title":"Exploring the Vocabulary Knowledge of EFL Teachers in Saudi Public Schools","authors":"Faisal Al-Homoud","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p194","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p194","url":null,"abstract":"The present study investigated the nature of the vocabulary levels of male and female EFL teachers in Saudi schools and identified the receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge between male and female EFL teachers in Saudi schools. The study adopted a quantitative approach and collected the data through an online version of receptive and productive vocabulary knowledge tests. The findings revealed that male and female EFL teachers had low levels of vocabulary knowledge. Further, the findings revealed that EFL teachers at Saudi schools typically possess higher receptive vocabulary levels than productive vocabulary. The findings also indicate that gender substantially influences the vocabulary knowledge of EFL teachers. Finally, the study provides several implications and recommendations for further studies.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":" 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139625147","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Acceptance of Using Blackboard Collaborate Ultra in Higher Education 英语作为外语的教师对在高等教育中使用 Blackboard Collaborate Ultra 的接受程度
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p90
Eman Alshehri
{"title":"English as a Foreign Language Teachers’ Acceptance of Using Blackboard Collaborate Ultra in Higher Education","authors":"Eman Alshehri","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p90","url":null,"abstract":"Educational technologies are increasingly becoming an essential part of higher education. Teachers are using different kinds of technology to facilitate their lessons. Nevertheless, teachers’ adoption of educational technology is influenced by their willingness to embrace these tools. This study examines English as a foreign language (EFL) teachers’ acceptance of Blackboard Collaborate Ultra (BCU) for teaching English in Saudi Arabia. The primary aim is to investigate the factors that impact teachers’ intentions to use a specific Blackboard feature for language teaching. The research adopts the technology acceptance model and external factors, such as subjective norms, facilitating conditions, and computer self-efficacy. Data was collected from 85 participants. After statistical analysis using SPSS and AMOS software, the findings indicate that all the investigated factors either directly or indirectly influence EFL instructors’ intentions to employ BCU. The study also reveals that EFL teachers’ attitudes towards BCU were the sole factor that directly influenced their intention to use it. The implications for teacher training are discussed below.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":"33 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Exploring the Role of Machine Translation in Translating English Collocations into Arabic: Insights from Student Translators 探索机器翻译在将英语搭配翻译成阿拉伯语中的作用:学生翻译员的见解
World Journal of English Language Pub Date : 2023-12-28 DOI: 10.5430/wjel.v14n2p74
Y. Sabtan, Abdulfattah Omar, Wafya Hamouda
{"title":"Exploring the Role of Machine Translation in Translating English Collocations into Arabic: Insights from Student Translators","authors":"Y. Sabtan, Abdulfattah Omar, Wafya Hamouda","doi":"10.5430/wjel.v14n2p74","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v14n2p74","url":null,"abstract":"Machine Translation (MT) has increasingly become an essential technology in the modern age. MT technology is currently used by many EFL learners as a learning facilitator. They are using MT as an essential tool to assist them in their foreign language learning activities. Several studies have focused on investigating the EFL students’ use of and attitudes towards MT in various EFL learning activities including reading, writing and vocabulary acquisition. However, few studies have been conducted on exploring the EFL learners’ use of MT technology in the translation of collocations, especially in the Arabic context. This study addresses this gap by investigating the impact of MT on the translation of English lexical collocations into Arabic. It presents a corpus of twenty English collocations given to thirty third-year translation students at an Omani university, who utilized an online MT system for their translations. Employing a descriptive, qualitative approach, the study assesses students' strategies and the accuracy of MT-generated equivalents, drawing from translation models by Vinay and Darbelnet (1958) and Newmark (1988). The results indicated that the students were able to generate correct translations for certain collocations when using MT, but there were inaccuracies in the translation of other collocations. The study emphasized the importance of not solely depending on MT because doing so might reduce students' willingness to actively search for the most appropriate translations on their own. This suggests that a balanced approach to using MT and encouraging students to develop their translation skills independently is advisable. Future research can explore the use of Machine Translation in translating collocations in languages beyond Arabic and within different cultural and linguistic contexts.","PeriodicalId":505938,"journal":{"name":"World Journal of English Language","volume":"3 6","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139148805","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
0
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
相关产品
×
本文献相关产品
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信