Developing World Bioethics最新文献

{"title":"Ethical imperatives in migration health: Justice and care in forced migration contexts.","authors":"Akm Ahsan Ullah","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12482","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12482","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article examines the ethical imperatives of migration health, focusing on displaced populations such as the Rohingya and Syrian refugees. Forced migration, driven by conflict, persecution, and climate disasters, presents profound ethical challenges to global healthcare systems. Utilizing deontological ethics, utilitarianism, and human rights-based approaches, the research addresses key principles like justice, equity, autonomy, and non-maleficence in healthcare provision for refugees. Empirical insights reveal significant barriers to healthcare access for displaced populations, including systemic discrimination, resource scarcity, and cultural constraints. Ethical dilemmas are particularly evident in resource allocation, prioritization of acute over chronic conditions, and neglect of mental health services. Through case studies from Rohingya camps in Bangladesh and Syrian refugee settings in Turkey and Jordan, the study highlights inequities in healthcare delivery, exacerbated by cultural and logistical challenges. The article emphasizes on culturally sensitive training, participatory healthcare design, and equitable resource distribution as critical pathways to ethical healthcare. Policy recommendations include prioritizing mental health, harmonizing national policies with international human rights law, and fostering global accountability frameworks.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755740","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Inaccessibility of induced abortion in Türkiye: Bioethics in the shadow of reproductive governance.","authors":"Maide Barıș","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12481","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12481","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In Türkiye, although induced abortion (I/A) is legal and recognized as a free public health service within the first ten weeks of pregnancy, reports and qualitative studies indicate that women encounter difficulties accessing I/A services in public health institutions. This paper suggests, based on various local reports and studies, that the denial of I/A in the last decade is, in part, attributable to various reproductive governance mechanisms that create a chilling effect on clinicians and institutions, making them unwilling to perform or provide abortions. Finally, based on a socio-political analysis of the status quo, this paper emphasizes that when discussing the inaccessibility of I/A or any topic related to reproductive ethics, it is essential that bioethical discussions must recognize and consider the role of politics and the reproductive governance mechanisms at play in reproductive healthcare, as they have significant ethical implications for the access and provision of these services. This approach allows for a deeper exploration of the less visible ethical implications of restrictive policies on legal reproductive services.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755741","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Disproportionality and discrimination in public health emergencies: Lessons from Trinidad and Tobago's COVID-19 cremation ban.","authors":"Leon Budrie","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12483","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12483","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>At the height of the COVID-19 pandemic, the world experienced unprecedented mortality rates, forcing families to navigate the dual burden of grief and restrictive public health measures. These restrictions often disrupted traditional last rites, exacerbating emotional distress and burdens on the grieving. Trinidad and Tobago enforced regulations aimed at curbing COVID-19 which suspended citizens' constitutional rights; one such restriction was the ban on open-air cremations. While this restriction may have been inconsequential to many, it had profound effects on individuals for whom open-air cremation was an essential cultural and religious practice. An ethical analysis of the cremation ban prior to its implementation would have shown the measure to be ineffective, disproportionate, and discriminatory. This underscores the need to integrate public health ethics in public health emergency policy development to ensure interventions are evidence-based, equitable in burden distribution, and capable of maintaining public trust.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143755739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Innovative therapy in clinical practice: Ethical perspective from China.","authors":"Xiaonan Wang, Jichao Wang, Kun Li, Xiaomei Zhai","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12480","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Innovative therapy, as a new paradigm of medical intervention deviating from standard routine practice, prioritizes the best interests of patients, offering alternative therapeutic pathways where standard treatments fail. In China, their application is increasing alongside advancements in medical technology. However, innovative therapy poses various ethical challenges in clinical settings, including misconceptions of being viewed as research rather than therapy, benefit-risk assessment complexities, conflicts of interest, and barriers to the development of effective regulatory strategies. This paper elucidates the concept of innovative therapy and critically examines these challenges within the Chinese clinical context, emphasizing patients' best interests. It proposes establishing guidelines and a comprehensive, adaptable regulatory framework to address the unmet healthcare-related needs of individual patients and mitigate risks. Engaging in these discussions provides some ethical insights from China on innovative therapy, serving as a reference for fostering the development and responsible utilization of innovative therapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143722477","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Should people be able to have access to medical assistance in dying to avoid living with Alzheimer's? Opinions from Mexico and Colombia.","authors":"Asunción Álvarez Del Río, Fabiola Orihuela-Cortés, Ma Del Pilar Santacruz-Ortega, Ma Luisa Marván","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12479","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12479","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Growing population aging is accompanied by a growing fear of suffering dementia. Four hundred and thirty-six Mexican and Colombian adults completed a survey about their opinion on Medical Assistance in Dying (MAID) for patients with dementia, both in the early stage of the disease and in the advanced stage through an advance directive. In Colombia, MAID is allowed while in Mexico it is banned. The main reasons given by those who agreed with MAID were \"right to decide\" and \"avoiding suffering.\" Religious beliefs were the main reason for disagreeing. More Mexicans than Colombians agreed with MAID possibly because Mexicans showed a lower degree of religiosity, and also possibly because there are religious movements against euthanasia in Colombia. The results were discussed considering the current debate about MAID in cases of dementia in general, and about requesting it through an advance directive for patients in the advanced stage of the disease.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-03-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143607091","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"What in the world is global health? A conceptual analysis.","authors":"Alberto Giubilini","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12478","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12478","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>This article suggests that the concept of global health - and to an extent the field that it designates - is problematic in various ways. Within public health, the concept of the 'public' has been widely investigated. However, \"global health\" has been introduced in academic, policy, and public discussion with comparably lower level of conceptual, philosophical scrutiny. Thus, while public health ethics addresses the ethical and political issues that the different meanings of 'public' allow to identify, global health ethics tends to leave ethical and political issues raised by the concept of 'global health' implicit and insufficiently analysed. I will briefly present the debate around the 'public' in public health, describing some of the ethical and political questions that might arise, depending on what 'public' is taken to mean. I will then use this discussion as a conceptual map for an analogous analysis of the concept of 'global' in global health. I will discuss what dimensions 'global' adds to the concept of 'public'. In the second part of the article, I will briefly introduce the philosophical debate on the concept of health, before suggesting that its cultural sensitivity makes it ill-suited to be qualified as 'global'. All in all, this article wants to bring to light the ethical implications that the terminology of 'global health' introduces in academic research and public policy that goes under that heading, as a first step towards better defining the ethical contours of this discipline.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143484377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Expanding the bioethical dialogue on abandoned cryopreserved embryos in South Africa.","authors":"Carlos M Ardila","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12477","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12477","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143442577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Why the South African National Health Research Ethics Council is wrong about ownership of human biological material and data.","authors":"Donrich Thaldar, Uyanda Maboea, Amy Gooden","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12475","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/dewb.12475","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The South African National Health Research Ethics Council (NHREC) states in its 2024 Ethics Guidelines that human biological material (HBM) and data cannot be privately owned under South African law. This position conflicts with established legal principles, guidelines by the Health Professions Council of South Africa (HPCSA), and South African university policies, all of which support private ownership of HBM and data. Private ownership is not only legally sound but also ethically necessary, providing a framework for accountability, ensuring fair recognition of institutional contributions, and enabling responsible custodianship over these valuable resources. The NHREC's denial of private ownership of HBM and data undermines South African research institutions' ability to control their research assets and leaves them vulnerable to exploitation by foreign entities. The NHREC should issue a corrigendum to delete its incorrect position on private ownership of HBM and data.</p>","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081990","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A quarter of a century Developing World Bioethics – An invitation to you, our readers","authors":"Udo Schuklenk","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12476","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dewb.12476","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;When Willem Landman and I both met in South Africa twenty-five years ago - he a recent returnee from a lengthy stint as a bioethics professor in the United States, and me, an expat academic on a mission to establish a new bioethics unit at the Wits University's Faculty of Health Sciences in Johannesburg - we both agreed that we ought to do something about the lack of quality bioethics content relevant to but also from the global south. Research ethics training programmes, for instance, that were conducted by WHO and other international groups consisted at the time very much of content produced by well-meaning faculty in the global north and were directed at faculty in the global south. These activities, well-intentioned as they were, also constituted arguably ideology transfer in matters deemed ethics. There was little ‘homegrown’ academic bioethics capacity to speak of.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;Much has thankfully changed since then. Flourishing bioethics programmes exist across the globe in the global south. Not to the same extent as in the global north, but they do exist, and they make their existence known both at home as well as on the international stage. There is still a somewhat uncomfortable dependence on the largesse of wealthy international funders to be reported, in terms of what research is undertaken, for instance. However, many programmes succeed today as their counterparts in the global north succeed, by teaching health sciences and life sciences students bioethics and medical ethics. ‘Hard money’ earned through teaching in universities matters as much in the global south as it matters in the global north!&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;i&gt;Developing World Bioethics&lt;/i&gt; has been the target of some criticism because we made clear some years ago that we would not publish content of a religious nature such as, for instance, interpretations of particular religious scriptures. We still see ourselves in a tradition that understands ethics as an impartial enterprise seeking universal ethical truths. They cannot be found in sectarian approaches to ethics. Strangely, among the charges leveled against us were ‘colonialism’ and ‘epistemic injustice’. Let me merely note regarding the former, the religious content we have received over the years invariably was content unthinkable without the influence of colonialism that spread monotheistic ideologies (often violently) across continents. And while the ‘epistemic injustice’ charge tends to also be deployed liberally by critics, it's never quite clearly what it actually entails with regard to this journal, and how it is applicable to us, if at all.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;However, given that bioethics is no longer ‘virgin’ territory in the global south, it seems right for us, as the co-editors of &lt;i&gt;Developing World Bioethics&lt;/i&gt;, to ask you, our readers, what kinds of content you would like to see in the journal. What topics do you think have authors, who submitted their content successful upon review to the journal, neglected? Why do you think those t","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":"25 1","pages":"3"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-02-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1111/dewb.12476","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143081988","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Medical ethics on research-related organ donation and transplantation in China","authors":"Zhu Liduzi Jiesisibieke,&nbsp;Tao-Hsin Tung","doi":"10.1111/dewb.12474","DOIUrl":"10.1111/dewb.12474","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50590,"journal":{"name":"Developing World Bioethics","volume":"25 1","pages":"4"},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143015595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"哲学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}