Disabilities最新文献_第2页

Examining the Changes in Problem Behaviours and Communication of Persons with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities after Transitioning from an Institutional Setting to the Community 研究智力和发育障碍人士从机构环境过渡到社区后在问题行为和沟通方面的变化

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4020019

Kayla Kostal, Maria Baranowski, Hygiea Casiano, Margherita Cameranesi, L. McCombe, Shahin Shooshtari

{"title":"Examining the Changes in Problem Behaviours and Communication of Persons with Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities after Transitioning from an Institutional Setting to the Community","authors":"Kayla Kostal, Maria Baranowski, Hygiea Casiano, Margherita Cameranesi, L. McCombe, Shahin Shooshtari","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4020019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4020019","url":null,"abstract":"Worldwide, the community transition process away from institutions has increased in the past 30–50 years among persons with severe intellectual and developmental disabilities. This process, also known as “deinstitutionalization”, could potentially impact problem behaviors and communication. This study examined the impacts of community transitions on behavioural and communication outcomes in Canadians with intellectual and developmental disabilities. Data were collected using the Comprehensive Health Assessment Program and medical chart reviews. Descriptive, aggregate-level, and individual-level analyses were conducted for 32 adults who transitioned to community living. Descriptive analyses and the McNemar Chi-Square Test were conducted. Following community transitions, the study group experienced a significant decrease in problem behaviours and changes in communication. The study findings suggest that deinstitutionalization could provide effective strategies for addressing problem behaviors and fostering improvements in communication, promoting the well-being and quality of life of persons with intellectual and developmental disabilities.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"89 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140710972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Minimally Verbal Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders/Intellectual Disability and Challenging Behaviors: Can Strategic Psychiatric Treatment Help? 患有自闭症谱系障碍/智力障碍和挑战行为的极少言语者：策略性精神病治疗能有所帮助吗？

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4020018

Jessica A. Hellings, Saras Chen Singh, Sham Singh, An-Lin Cheng

{"title":"Minimally Verbal Individuals with Autism Spectrum Disorders/Intellectual Disability and Challenging Behaviors: Can Strategic Psychiatric Treatment Help?","authors":"Jessica A. Hellings, Saras Chen Singh, Sham Singh, An-Lin Cheng","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4020018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4020018","url":null,"abstract":"(1) Background: Psychiatrists are increasingly required to treat minimally verbal (MV) individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD), intellectual disability (ID) and behavior problems without much published guidance. (2) Methods: We reviewed 80 charts of MV patients managed strategically for challenging behaviors, following IRB approval. Data extracted included demographics, ASD/ID level, diagnoses, epilepsy and medications. In this descriptive study, we examined the course of assessment and treatment and made recommendations for a strategic, person-centered approach. (3) Results: Of 53 males and 27 females, mean age 34 years (range 7–76), all had ID; 75 had ASD (94%). Diagnoses included seizures in 40/80 (50%), frequent aggression (89%), self-injury (80%), attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (64%) and obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) (34%). The commonest medication classes adjusted were antiseizure medications, antipsychotics, and non-stimulant ADHD medications. (4) Conclusions: Clinical impressions suggested that this strategic psychiatric approach was beneficial, notably a review of antiseizure and all other medications for polypharmacy, behavioral and other side effects, followed by a review of possible childhood/current ADHD and a trial of low-dose non-stimulant ADHD medications if warranted. Low-dose risperidone was often effective and tolerable for irritability and self-injury.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"30 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140717874","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Online Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities: A Systematic Review 对残疾儿童和青少年的在线儿童性剥削和虐待：系统回顾

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4020017

Garazi Álvarez-Guerrero, Deborah Fry, Mengyao Lu, Konstantinos Kosmas Gaitis

{"title":"Online Child Sexual Exploitation and Abuse of Children and Adolescents with Disabilities: A Systematic Review","authors":"Garazi Álvarez-Guerrero, Deborah Fry, Mengyao Lu, Konstantinos Kosmas Gaitis","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4020017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4020017","url":null,"abstract":"Online child sexual exploitation and abuse (OCSEA) is a rising global problem affecting children and adolescents worldwide. Despite the escalating prevalence of OCSEA, there is limited research specifically focusing on children and adolescents with disabilities. To bridge this gap, this systematic review was conducted to identify the prevalence, nature and associated risk factors of OCSEA of children and adolescents with disabilities. Following the PRISMA Statement, this systematic review included scientific evidence from 12 academic databases and the gray literature published between 1993 and 2023. A total of 13 studies were extracted, and thematic analysis was conducted to analyze the data. The findings of this systematic review reveal the characteristics such as the gender, age and type of disabilities of OCSEA victims. Perpetrators use diverse techniques, including online grooming, manipulation, and cyber-threats, resulting in consequences such as mental health issues and social isolation of victims. The associated risk factors include lack of parental monitoring, social isolation, and low risk perception. The results of this research provide crucial insights into OCSEA of children and adolescents with disabilities, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions and further exploration in this understudied area.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"4 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-04-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140724438","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

The Continued Evolution of Disabilities, an Inter- and Multi-Disciplinary Journal of Disability Research 残疾的持续发展》，跨学科和多学科残疾研究期刊

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-03-21 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010016

Reinie Cordier

引用次数: 0

Wheelchair Dance: Exploring a Novel Approach to Enhance Wheelchair Skills, Belongingness and Inclusion among Children with Mobility Limitations 轮椅舞蹈：探索一种新方法，增强行动不便儿童的轮椅技能、归属感和融入感

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010014

Jade Berthiaume, C. Cherriere, Béatrice Ouellet, Laurence Éthier, Paula W. Rushton, Martin Lemay, K. Best

{"title":"Wheelchair Dance: Exploring a Novel Approach to Enhance Wheelchair Skills, Belongingness and Inclusion among Children with Mobility Limitations","authors":"Jade Berthiaume, C. Cherriere, Béatrice Ouellet, Laurence Éthier, Paula W. Rushton, Martin Lemay, K. Best","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4010014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4010014","url":null,"abstract":"Playful approaches are recommended to enhance wheelchair skills training with young people. Inclusive dance allows participants to discover motor skills and improve social participation. Integrating wheelchair skills training into dance has not been evaluated. This study aimed to explore participants’ experiences in dance while integrating wheelchair skills, and the influence of dance on wheelchair skills and wheelchair use confidence in young people. A convergent mixed-methods design was used during a one-week dance camp. Data collection combined observations, two focus groups (with young dancers who used manual wheelchairs and with professional dancers without disabilities), and evaluation of wheelchair skills and confidence. Data analyses included deductive thematic analysis guided by the Quality Parasport Participation Framework, merged with pre–post comparisons in wheelchair skills and confidence. Three young female dancers were 11, 12 and 15 years of age and three professional female dancers were 22, 27 and 27 years of age. Emergent themes included skill mastery, belongingness, and supportive environments. There were improvements in wheelchair skills and confidence (16.7%, 19.4%, 16.7%; 0.8%, 11.4%, 4.5%, respectively). Participants described overall positive experiences with the dance camp and perceived enhanced skills and confidence. This study advances knowledge about innovative approaches to integrate wheelchair skills training for young people. Future larger-scale controlled studies are needed to determine efficacy.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"48 7","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140231461","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Public Transport in the Disabling City: A Narrative Ethnography of Dilemmas and Strategies of People with Mobility Disabilities 残疾城市的公共交通：行动不便者的困境与策略叙事民族志

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-03-18 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010015

Juan Camilo Mansilla, N. Boucher, F. Routhier

{"title":"Public Transport in the Disabling City: A Narrative Ethnography of Dilemmas and Strategies of People with Mobility Disabilities","authors":"Juan Camilo Mansilla, N. Boucher, F. Routhier","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4010015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4010015","url":null,"abstract":"Access to transport is key to people’s movement in cities, their social participation, and personal development. People with mobility disabilities (PMDs) face additional barriers when using public transport. The objective of this study is to identify the dilemmas that PMDs face in their daily mobility practices and their coping strategies, in particular the ways in which these dilemmas and strategies are influenced by both personal and environmental characteristics. We conducted ethnographic research, utilizing narrative interviews, life stories, focus groups, and participant observations. Our aim was to analyse multiple experiences of mobility in situations of disability in Quebec City, Canada. This study engages the following research question: how do PMDs navigate their social environment, considering the impact of personal, social, and physical landscape factors on their mobility strategies? Depending on the accessibility of fixed-route public buses and the availability of public paratransit services, what are the dilemmas that PMDs face and how do they shape their mobility strategies? Using the three-dimensional model of narrative analysis, we present a narrative ethnography of participants’ dilemmas and strategies about their experiences on public transport. Five dilemmas are examined. Through this methodology, we propose to extend the study of “constellations of mobility” by including the notion of strategies as an experiential outcome between personal and physical landscape factors, practices, and meanings of mobility. This offers new research perspectives both in disability and mobility studies and in the understanding of urban accessibility experiences in situations of disability.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"225 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-03-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140233657","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining Model Similarity for Exercise Self-Efficacy among Adults Recovering from a Stroke: A Community-Based Exercise Program 研究中风康复者运动自我效能感的模型相似性：基于社区的锻炼计划

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010013

Olivia L. Pastore, François Jarry, Jammy Zou, J. Tomasone, Luc J. Martin, Véronique Pagé, Shane N. Sweet

引用次数: 0

Accessibility, Functioning, and Activities of Daily Living with Visual Impairment amongst Adults from Minority Ethnic Communities in the UK 英国少数民族社区成人视力障碍的无障碍环境、功能和日常生活活动

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-02-29 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010011

Theofilos Kempapidis, Nikki Heinze, Asharee K. Green, Renata S. M. Gomes

{"title":"Accessibility, Functioning, and Activities of Daily Living with Visual Impairment amongst Adults from Minority Ethnic Communities in the UK","authors":"Theofilos Kempapidis, Nikki Heinze, Asharee K. Green, Renata S. M. Gomes","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4010011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4010011","url":null,"abstract":"Visual impairment (V.I.) has been associated with a negative impact on activities of daily living (ADL) and navigation outside the home. Adults from minority ethnic communities are projected to make up an increasing proportion of the V.I. population in the UK, yet the evidence relating to their experiences of living with V.I. is limited. This article uses data collected by the V.I. Lives Survey, between December 2019 and November 2020. Using secondary analysis of anonymised survey data, this article explores self-reported functioning relating to ADL, navigation outside of the home, and use of technology to access information in a matched control sample of adults from minority ethnic (MEC) and white communities (WC). The findings showed that most issues relating to self-efficacy, accessibility of public environments, and technology were significantly more important to MEC than WC participants. A significantly higher proportion of MEC participants required frequent help with cooking, received support for ADL from siblings and other family members, and had their shopping delivered. WC participants were significantly more likely to receive help with shopping from their spouse/partner and use public transport as much as they liked. Future research will need to confirm these findings in a larger sample and explore the reasons for them.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"23 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140411595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining Parental Stress and Autism in the Early Days of the Pandemic: A Mixed-Methods Study 研究大流行初期父母的压力与自闭症：混合方法研究

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-02-23 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010010

B. Haidar, H. Meadan

引用次数: 0

Empowering Physically Disabled People in Vietnam: A Successful Microenterprise Model 增强越南肢体残疾人的能力：成功的微型企业模式

Disabilities Pub Date : 2024-02-16 DOI: 10.3390/disabilities4010009

June Alexander, C. Hutchinson, Greg Carey

{"title":"Empowering Physically Disabled People in Vietnam: A Successful Microenterprise Model","authors":"June Alexander, C. Hutchinson, Greg Carey","doi":"10.3390/disabilities4010009","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3390/disabilities4010009","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Disabled people in Vietnam are some of the most vulnerable to disadvantage. Employment involving microenterprises can provide economic empowerment and wealth generation. This qualitative study aims to address a gap in the literature regarding the establishment of microenterprises for physically disabled people in Vietnam. Method: Semi-structured interviews were undertaken with seven physically disabled individuals, including the founder and Director of ‘Company of Grace’ a non-governmental organisation with a mission to support physically disabled people in establishing their own microenterprises. Company of Grace (COG) supported six entrepreneurs in establishing microenterprises that provided English language instruction to school-aged children after regular school hours. Data were analysed utilising a framework that improves the probability of entrepreneurial success in developing countries. This framework aided in examining the approach of establishing microenterprises by the non-government organisation. Results: The physically disabled entrepreneurs reported earnings above average wages and feeling empowered by participating in the microenterprises. These feelings of empowerment were reportedly associated with greater independence, increased self-efficacy and confidence in planning for their futures. Conclusion: Microenterprises, exemplified by COG’s model, empowered disabled individuals to teach English, enhanced student engagement and fostered confidence and economic self-sufficiency among disabled entrepreneurs, thereby making a notable contribution to entrepreneurship for disability inclusion.","PeriodicalId":505877,"journal":{"name":"Disabilities","volume":"47 9","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139961276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0