The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies最新文献

{"title":"Women as Viable Actors in Conflict Resolution and Panacea to Insecurity Caused by Boko Haram Insurgence in Borno State, Nigeria","authors":"Dr. Grace Egwu Ewor, Dr. Odogwu Celestine C","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2308-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2308-024","url":null,"abstract":"The basic objectives of this paper are to contribute to the discussion of security and the protection of women's fundamental human rights, gender and inclusion, and the relationship between gender and peace-building; to be of value for the general discussion on national insecurity, and more specifically to assist the ongoing process of achieving a lasting peace and conflict resolution in Borno state. Women living in northern Nigeria face a herculean challenge of overcoming direct and indirect violence. These include domestic violence, political instability, social inequality, and the threat of Boko Haram. Boko Haram is an extremist militant group that has been known to kidnap, rape and torture women and young girls as means of terrorizing the Nigerian community. Hence, from the beginning of the human era, women, based on their assumed tenderness, have been subjected to domestic and nurturing tasks. This is because the global society has assumed a patriarchal nature. To this end, the paper attended to basic issues of the study decolonizing and engendering conflict resolution frameworks to desired security and transformative peace, ascertaining a dynamic peace process and rights can be negotiated, protected and promoted, especially in Islamic-based societies which experience a significant political transition and sustainable peace in countries such as Afghanistan; and finally, drawing best practices to advance inclusive policies where fundamental rights are protected and to ensure women's meaningful participation in peace processes. This study adopted the social bond and feminist theory by attempting to explain the significance of women in the society. The position of the paper is that in the global society, people still think that women can do little or nothing, and it is very pervasive in Nigeria, especially when it involves issues of social development and security as perceived with regard to insecurity. This suggests that the involvement of women in the fight against insecurity and counter-terrorism in the global world has not been effectively utilized. Nigeria, just like many developing countries, does not agree with the popular parlance of 'behind every successful man, there is a woman.' The study, therefore, recommends that greater attention should be channelled toward women's involvement in the development process of fighting insecurity and strengthening national security.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"98 5","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employee Pension Services and Employee Performance in Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) in Kenya: Moderating Effect of Top Management Commitment","authors":"Protus Lumiti, Dr. Susan Wekesa, Dr. Mary Omondi, George O. Orwa","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-027","url":null,"abstract":"An organization's employee welfare policies, including employee pension services, are critical and essential to promote employee engagement or increase productivity. As a result, the main objectives of this study were to determine the relationship between employee pension services and employee performance and the influence of top management commitment in non-governmental organizations in Nairobi County, Kenya. The study included a cross-sectional survey approach, including combined qualitative and quantitative methods. The study's target population consisted of 14,323 NGO employees in Nairobi County, Kenya, and 391 respondents, top managers, middle-level managers, and lower managers, were chosen through the use of stratified, simple random, and purposive sampling techniques. While surveys and interviews served as the primary data sources, secondary data came from peer-reviewed books, articles, and journals. The study drew on pertinent theories on the subject, such as Abraham Maslow's theory of the hierarchy of needs, Herzberg's two-factor theory, and Human relations theory. A pilot research was carried out to establish the tools' reliability and validity. The Statistical Packages for Social Sciences, version 25, was used to analyse the data. Inferential and descriptive statistics were used in the analysis as diagnostic tests for the tools, along with frequencies, means, correlations, and multiple linear regression. The results of the investigation were presented using pie charts, graphs, and tables. In non-governmental organizations in Nairobi County, Kenya, the study found a positive and substantial relationship between employee pension services and employee performance. According to the study's findings, managers should assess the pension services initiatives already in place in their organizations, reinforce them, and develop and put into place regulations that support employee engagement and productivity.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"43 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140512884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prevalence of Bullying in Public Secondary Schools: A Case of Selected Schools in Machakos County, Kenya","authors":"Dr. Elizabeth Mukai Kithuka, Dr. Jared Menecha","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-005","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-005","url":null,"abstract":"This study sought to assess the prevalence of bullying in selected public secondary schools in Machakos sub-county, Machakos County. The objectives of the study were: \u0000 \u0000To determine the various forms of bullying behavior that are experienced among students, \u0000To establish the relationship between the gender of students and forms of bullying, \u0000To examine the prevalence of bullying and \u0000To examine risk factors contributing to bullying. \u0000 \u0000The researcher employed a descriptive research design. Purposive sampling and simple random sampling were used to select 280 respondents. The study used both open and closed-ended questionnaires to collect data. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0. The study used both descriptive and inferential statistics to describe quantitative data, which were then analyzed, interpreted, and presented in the form of tables and figures. The study revealed that bullying existed in Machakos County more in boys' schools than girls' schools and forms of bullying varied with gender. Boys suffered more physical and cyberbullying, while girls suffered more sexual and verbal bullying activities. School environment and academic performance were leading as risky factors of involvement in bullying. The study concluded that the prevalence of bullying exists in Machakos County and recommended seeking strategies for curbing it.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"112 10","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513111","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Employee Work Values Orientation and Job Performance in the Motor Vehicle Industry in Kenya","authors":"Fredrick Olunga Wasike, Peter K'obonyo, Florence Muindi","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-020","url":null,"abstract":"The objective of the study was to establish the relationship between employee work values orientation and employee job performance in the motor vehicle industry in Kenya. This relationship was tested using corresponding null hypotheses. The motivation for the study arose from the observation of employee performance challenges that were witnessed in the motor vehicle industry in Kenya. Literature has shown that work values orientation has been associated with employee job performance. Intrinsically oriented employees have been linked to more positive performance outcomes than extrinsically oriented employees. This study was based on the goal content theory, social exchange theory and competence motivation theory. The study had four objectives and four corresponding hypotheses that were tested to approve or disapprove the study predictions. A descriptive cross-sectional survey was used in the study. The study had a population of 2,895 employees, out of which a sample of 351 respondents were randomly chosen for data collection. Data were collected by use of structured questionnaires that were dropped and picked back while others were scanned and emailed back. Data was analyzed using regression models. Test findings showed that work values orientation significantly influences employee job performance. The significant findings implied that all four null hypotheses were rejected, and the study objectives were positively determined. The study outcomes significantly contributed to the theory, policy, and practice of work values orientation and its influence on employee job performance. The limitation of the study comprised respondents' attitudes and subjectivity that may have crept in due to bias in choosing suitable responses. However, the use of structured questionnaires and supervisor responses was meant to corroborate and reduce personal or subjective ways of responding to statements posed. It was also suggested that a further study be done using similar variables on a longitudinal design for generalizability of results. Further, the study recommended that the motor vehicle industry adopts work values orientation, employee commitment and employee competence as joint factors that significantly improve employee job performance.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"96 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513124","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Understanding Firm Performance in Microfinance Banks: Does Adaptive Capability Matter?","authors":"Mary Nyaguthii Kinyua, Dr. Godfrey Muigai Kinyua","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-029","url":null,"abstract":"The microfinance banking sector plays a pivotal role by complementing the services of commercial banks by enhancing access to financial services. The complementary role played by the microfinance banking sector aids in mitigating the negative impact of escalating incidences of poverty and unemployment and spurs economic development among the unbanked segment of society. However, evidence drawn from annual supervision reports of the Central Bank of Kenya demonstrates that the performance of this sector has been gloomy, with losses registered in the last five years reviewed in this study. This unpleasant trend has been observed in a period that is marked by sustained growth in customer deposits in the sector. In the same period, the aggregate branch network for the sector has, on average, been observed to stagnate. Other notable concerns relating to the sector include the absence of customized customer solutions, delays in credit processing, and high cost of credit. In light of this, the study examined the effect of adaptive capability on firm performance. The resource-based view of the firm provided the theoretical foundation of the study and was complemented by dynamic capabilities theory. Explanatory research design served as a basis for guiding the research strategy for resolving the research questions. A structured questionnaire was used to gather data from management employees deployed at the headquarters of Microfinance Banks. Descriptive statistics was used to aid in providing insights about the characteristics of the observed subjects in terms of percentages, frequency count, mean and standard deviation. Inferential analysis was also undertaken using a linear regression model, where the research objective was tested at ninety-five percent level of confidence. The presentation of findings was done in terms of figures and tables. The study confirmed that adaptive capability affected firm performance. Management teams should enact policies that would ensure that chosen strategic actions are sustainably synchronized in direction and magnitude with the ever-changing environment.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"77 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Discursive Formations in a Pragmatic Analysis of Parliamentary Language","authors":"Christine Atieno Peter","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-030","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-030","url":null,"abstract":"Language is generally intended to be communicative, but at times, it does more than that due to manipulations. This paper examined aspects of Concept and Object as discursive elements employed by politicians during debates to create socio-political dominance. Political discourse is a form of human activity that needs to be studied. Speech is manipulated by the speaker to suit his/her interests. When this happens, language becomes something more than just a medium for communicating propositional knowledge. Due to technological advancement, people are now more exposed to verbal messages of many kinds, most of which can be thought of as political in nature. The study analyzed pragmatic strategies: Concept and Object and their impact on the socio-political dominance in Kenyan parliamentary debates. A descriptive research design was employed, and purposively sampled texts from Hansard portrayed aspects of socio-political dominance. Concept and object were identified as discursive formations that parliamentarians used during debates. The paper found out that concepts and objects had an impact on the language that parliamentarians used, and it contributed to the knowledge of linguistics, particularly with regard to Discourse Analysis and Pragmatics.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"76 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513190","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Assessment of the Impacts of Betting on University Students: A Case Study of Kisii University, Kenya","authors":"Sheillah Mong'ina Mong'ute, Dr. John Agwaya Aomo","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-028","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-028","url":null,"abstract":"Youths have been susceptible to gambling and its associated problems. Approximately 42-80% of college and university students have been involved in the practice annually, with male students dominating. Few studies have been done on the impacts of gambling on university and college students. This study, therefore, focused on understanding how gambling affected Kisii University students. A descriptive research sampling design was utilized, research questionnaires were used, and the target population was Kisii University students. Five research assistants were trained to help in data collection. Data were analysed using SPSS. Descriptive statistics was used; percentages, means, frequencies and charts were generated. Inferential statistics was also used to test the relationship between gambling and students' social life. Results were as follows: 54.1% indicated that they never lied about their gambling habits, and 58.9% stated that gambling had no adverse consequence on school, work, and relationships. Moreover, 61.1% stated that they could feel irritated and restless when they limited their gambling, while 61.4% spent a lot of time gambling and planning. Likewise, 90.8% mentioned that their friends had gambling habits, while 55.4% discussed with friends and colleagues about gambling. Therefore, gambling affected students' social life and peer pressure was the main contributor. Hence, public awareness of the problems associated with gambling is recommended to manage gambling among students.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"99 8","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513118","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A Systematic Review of the Characteristics of Social Support and Poverty Alleviation among Asylum-seekers and Refugees Resettled in Countries in Western Europe","authors":"Dr. Mike Wells, Dr. Catherine Heidi Seage","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-008","url":null,"abstract":"Forced migration and poverty among asylum-seekers and refugees (ASRs) in Western Europe have increased substantially in the last decade and have profound psychosocial ramifications. This systematic review synthesises recent literature that explores the contributions of social support in alleviating the psychological effects of poverty among ASRs resettled in countries in Western Europe. The review was conducted in line with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses. Nine studies were identified through searches in Scopus, PsycINFO, and MELINE via Ovid and Sage. These studies described the family, friendship and professional networks of ASR as important sources for providing informational, instrumental, emotional, and appraisal support that empowers them to cope with social and financial hardship in the resettlement context. These findings suggest the need to bring social support of ASRs to the forefront of practice and research as an important resource for mitigating the psychological effects of poverty. \u0000 ","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities & Social Studies","volume":"105 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140513157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Teachers’ Lesson Observation Practices and Its Effect on Learners’ Academic Achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Nandi East Sub-County, Kenya","authors":"Mike Kipleting Chirchir, Samuel K. Ronguno, Ronald Kikech","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-024","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of the study was to establish the effect of teachers' lesson observation practices on learners' academic achievement in Public Secondary Schools in Nandi East Sub-County, Kenya. The study was anchored on Edwin Locke's Theory of goal setting. The study adopted both descriptive survey research design and correlation research design. The study targeted 336 respondents, which comprised 30 principals, 30 deputy principals, 274 teachers, one Quality Assurance and Standards Officer, and one Director of Education in the sub-county. The sample size was 152 respondents, while the study adopted simple random and purposive sampling techniques. The study used both primary and secondary data. Data were collected using a questionnaire, interview-guide, and documentary analysis guide. The study adopted content validity, which was tested using experts' opinions. The study used Cronbach's Alpha method to test reliability. Data collected were analyzed using percentages, frequency distribution and mean. Inferential statistics were used to determine the relationship between the dependent and the independent variables using Chi-square. Results were as follows: lesson observation practices of teachers had χ2 = (283.718, p<0.05). The study concluded that teachers' lesson observation practices contribute to improvement in learners' academic achievement. The study recommended that lesson observation practices should be done regularly as it helps to improve teachers' school attendance.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities &amp; Social Studies","volume":"115 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140514732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Determinants of Motivation among Healthcare Workers in Rural Kenya","authors":"Tom Ojwang, Dr. Rosemary Wanyoike","doi":"10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-002","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24940/theijhss/2023/v11/i10/hs2310-002","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The general objective of the study is to identify the determinants of motivation among healthcare workers in rural Kenya. The specific objectives of this study are: \u0000 \u0000To identify individual determinants of motivation among healthcare workers in Kenya, \u0000To Identify organizational determinants of motivation among healthcare workers, \u0000To Identify social and community determinants of motivation among healthcare workers \u0000 \u0000Methodology: In order to optimize the results, this study employed the desktop literature review method. In this method, raw data is not collected from the population. Instead, it focuses on previously published peer-reviewed journals. This enables a broader understanding of the subject matter in question. In identifying the appropriate journals, a systematic search was conducted using Google Scholar, PubMed and ProQuest databases. \u0000Unique contribution to theory, practice and policy: The researcher suggests that empirical research should be conducted in the public sector in the rural setting, incorporating moderating and mediating variables for more conclusive results.","PeriodicalId":505851,"journal":{"name":"The International Journal of Humanities &amp; Social Studies","volume":"60 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140514341","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}