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Trans-MT: a 3D semi-supervised glioma segmentation model integrating transformer architecture and asymmetric data augmentation Trans-MT：一种集成变压器结构和非对称数据增强的3D半监督胶质瘤分割模型

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103365

Yuehui Liao , Yun Zheng , Yingjie Jiao , Na Tang , Yuhao Wang , Yu Hu , Yaning Feng , Ruofan Wang , Qun Jin , Xiaobo Lai , Panfei Li

{"title":"Trans-MT: a 3D semi-supervised glioma segmentation model integrating transformer architecture and asymmetric data augmentation","authors":"Yuehui Liao , Yun Zheng , Yingjie Jiao , Na Tang , Yuhao Wang , Yu Hu , Yaning Feng , Ruofan Wang , Qun Jin , Xiaobo Lai , Panfei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103365","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103365","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Accurate glioma segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is crucial for effective diagnosis and treatment planning in neuro-oncology; however, this process is often time-consuming and heavily reliant on expert annotations. To address these limitations, we present Trans-MT, a 3D semi-supervised segmentation model that integrates a transformer-based architecture with asymmetric data augmentation, achieving high segmentation accuracy with limited labeled data. Trans-MT employs a teacher-student framework: the teacher model generates reliable pseudo-labels for unlabeled data, while the student model learns through supervised and consistency losses, guided by an uncertainty-aware mechanism to refine its predictions. The architecture of Trans-MT features a hybrid encoder, nnUFormer, which combines the robust capabilities of nn-UNet with transformers, enabling it to capture global contextual information essential for accurate tumor segmentation. This design enhances the model’s ability to detect intricate tumor structures within MRI scans, even with sparse annotations. Additionally, the model’s learning process is strengthened by asymmetric data augmentation, which enriches data diversity and robustness. We evaluated Trans-MT on the BraTS 2019, 2020, and 2021 datasets, where it demonstrated superior performance over several state-of-the-art semi-supervised models, particularly in segmenting challenging tumor sub-regions. The results confirm that Trans-MT significantly improves segmentation precision, making it a valuable advancement in brain tumor segmentation methodology and a practical solution for clinical settings with limited labeled data. Our code is availableat <span><span>https://github.com/smallboy-code/TransMT</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103365"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146090217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

IMORIME: Multi-objective UAV path planning via alternating reference points and relative-error guidance 基于交替参考点和相对误差制导的多目标无人机路径规划

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103367

Yi Wang, Fangxiu Wang, Hui Liu

{"title":"IMORIME: Multi-objective UAV path planning via alternating reference points and relative-error guidance","authors":"Yi Wang, Fangxiu Wang, Hui Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103367","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103367","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Three-dimensional path planning is essential for unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in complex environments, where multiple conflicting objectives such as path length, obstacle avoidance, altitude stability, and smoothness must be satisfied simultaneously. This paper formulates UAV path planning as a multi-objective optimization problem and proposes an improved multi-objective RIME algorithm (IMORIME). IMORIME integrates an alternating reference point perturbation strategy with a relative error-guided mechanism within the RIME framework, aiming to enhance convergence accuracy, solution diversity, and Pareto front distribution. A simulation benchmark with 12 obstacle scenarios based on real digital elevation models was designed to comprehensively evaluate the proposed method. Experimental comparisons against representative single-objective (DE, PSO, SSA, DBO, RIME, SRIME, MIRIME, SPSO) and multi-objective algorithms (MORIME, MOPSO, NSGA-II, NSGA-III, NMOPSO) demonstrate that IMORIME achieves superior performance in terms of path length, obstacle avoidance, altitude control, and smoothness. The results confirm the effectiveness and robustness of IMORIME in generating well-distributed Pareto fronts, making it a promising approach for UAV path planning in complex 3D environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103367"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191191","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Effects of different viewing modes in virtual reality games on visual function parameters and subjective symptoms: A cross-sectional study 虚拟现实游戏中不同观看方式对视觉功能参数和主观症状影响的横断面研究

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103371

Meng Liu , Lei Fan , Jiechun Lin , Zhenhao Song , Qi Li , Yingxiang Han , Dajiang Wang , Xiaofei Wang

{"title":"Effects of different viewing modes in virtual reality games on visual function parameters and subjective symptoms: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Meng Liu , Lei Fan , Jiechun Lin , Zhenhao Song , Qi Li , Yingxiang Han , Dajiang Wang , Xiaofei Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103371","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103371","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Virtual reality (VR) games are increasingly applied in various fields, yet prolonged immersion can induce VR sickness. In unidirectional VR game modes, targets mainly appear in front of the player, requiring minimal head movement, whereas multidirectional modes present targets from multiple directions, demanding greater head and body rotation for a full 360° experience. Although VR-induced discomfort has been studied, the specific effects of different modes on binocular visual function and VR sickness remain insufficiently understood. This study examined how two different viewing modes of the VR game Beat Saber—unidirectional and multidirectional—affect binocular visual function and subjective symptoms. Thirty-three participants played each mode for 30 min using a head-mounted display. The Simulator Sickness Questionnaire (SSQ), Visual Fatigue Scale, and phoropter-based binocular visual function tests were conducted before and after gameplay. Significant increases were observed in total and subscale SSQ scores and visual fatigue scores after both modes, indicating that VR gaming induces adverse symptoms. The accommodative convergence to accommodation ratio (AC/A) decreased significantly after the multidirectional mode, suggesting greater effects on binocular accommodation and vergence in multidirectional mode. Near exophoria was negatively correlated with visual fatigue after both the unidirectional and multidirectional modes; accommodative response (AR) correlated positively with visual fatigue after the unidirectional mode; and negative relative accommodation (NRA) correlated negatively with visual fatigue after the multidirectional mode. These findings provide insights into how VR gameplay mode influences VR sickness, visual fatigue, and binocular visual function, supporting the development of VR design standards and user experience optimization.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103371"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191196","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structured pruning via cross-layer metric and ℓ2,0-norm sparse reconstruction 通过跨层度量和l2,0范数稀疏重建进行结构化剪枝

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-29 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103362

Huoxiang Yang , Shuangyan Yi , Fanyang Meng , Wei Liu , Yongsheng Liang

{"title":"Structured pruning via cross-layer metric and ℓ2,0-norm sparse reconstruction","authors":"Huoxiang Yang , Shuangyan Yi , Fanyang Meng , Wei Liu , Yongsheng Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103362","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103362","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Existing intra-layer pruning methods face two major challenges. First, they often use empirically determined pruning ratios, which ignore the distinct statistical properties of different layers and limit global structural optimization. Second, they fail to effectively model intra-layer dependencies, leading to inaccurate identification of redundant filters. To address these challenges, we propose a novel structured pruning method that integrates a cross-layer metric and feature reconstruction constrained by the <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mtext>-norm</mtext></mrow></math></span>. Initially, we introduce a cross-layer importance metric based on statistical distribution standardization. By normalizing the statistical properties of feature responses across layers, our approach constructs a unified metric for consistent importance evaluation. Dynamic thresholding is then applied to adaptively determine the pruning ratio for each layer, resulting in enhanced network architectures and improved pruning efficiency. Subsequently, based on the layer-wise pruning ratios, we introduce an <span><math><mrow><msub><mrow><mi>ℓ</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msub><mtext>-norm</mtext></mrow></math></span> constrained sparse reconstruction model that captures intra-layer dependencies. The model produces a sparse coefficient matrix with entirely zeroed columns corresponding to redundant components, thus enhancing the accuracy of redundant filter identification. Extensive experiments on multiple benchmark datasets and network architectures verify the effectiveness of our method. For instance, on CIFAR-10 with VGG-16, our method achieves a 58.21% reduction in computational complexity and a 90.65% decrease in storage cost, with only a 0.11% accuracy drop.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103362"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

QExpander: Pruning-sensitivity-guided adaptive widening for binary neural networks 二值神经网络的剪枝灵敏度导向自适应扩展

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103397

Hao Gong, Ying Liu

引用次数: 0

Electroless plating of high-quality Ni microbumps for high-density micro-LEDs realized via surface plasma treatment and solution wettability enhancement 通过表面等离子体处理和溶液润湿性增强，实现了高密度微型led高质量Ni微凸点的化学镀

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103370

Shuaishuai Wang , Zhihua Wang , Peiquan Zheng , Yijian Zhou , Chengwu Wu , Taifu Lang , Xin Lin , Xin Wu , Caihong Yan , Qun Yan , Kaixin Zhang , Jie Sun

{"title":"Electroless plating of high-quality Ni microbumps for high-density micro-LEDs realized via surface plasma treatment and solution wettability enhancement","authors":"Shuaishuai Wang , Zhihua Wang , Peiquan Zheng , Yijian Zhou , Chengwu Wu , Taifu Lang , Xin Lin , Xin Wu , Caihong Yan , Qun Yan , Kaixin Zhang , Jie Sun","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103370","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103370","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To fabricate high-quality bump arrays on Micro-LEDs, thereby enhance the yield and reliability of high-density Micro-LED devices. We employed plasma treatment on Micro-LED samples and added a specific concentration of surfactant to the electroless plating solution, which enhance Micro-LEDs surface and electroless plating solution wettability, creating a conducive environment for fabrication of bumps. In comparison to traditional nickel bump fabrication on high-density substrates, we successfully fabricated fast growth rate, high uniformity, excellent shear strength and low surface roughness of nickel bumps on Micro-LEDs via the synergistic effect of plasma treatment and wettability electroless plating, the bump growth rate, array uniformity and shear strength improved by 56.8%, 86% and 377%, respectively, while surface roughness decreased by 94.4%. This work provides a critical pathway for fabricating high-quality nickel bumps and enhancing the yield and reliability of highly integrated Micro-LED devices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"93 ","pages":"Article 103370"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146191705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Structural hint-guided colorization network for sketch colorization 用于草图着色的结构提示引导着色网络

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-07-01 Epub Date: 2026-02-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103373

Yunjiao Ma, Zhenzhen He, Jun Xiang, Ning Zhang, Ruru Pan

引用次数: 0

A polynomial regression-based calibration method for enhancing chromaticity and luminance accuracy at low luminance levels of LCDs with automated sampling and compensation mechanisms 一种基于多项式回归的校正方法，利用自动采样和补偿机制提高lcd在低亮度水平下的色度和亮度精度

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2025.103336

Yi-Ming Li , Wen Meng , Chih-Yu Tsai , Tsung-Xian Lee

{"title":"A polynomial regression-based calibration method for enhancing chromaticity and luminance accuracy at low luminance levels of LCDs with automated sampling and compensation mechanisms","authors":"Yi-Ming Li , Wen Meng , Chih-Yu Tsai , Tsung-Xian Lee","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2025.103336","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2025.103336","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study presents a calibration methodology designed to enhance the chromaticity and luminance accuracy of LCD monitors under low-luminance conditions, specifically targeting cost-effective medical display applications. The proposed system integrates a low-cost color sensor with a polynomial regression-based model, enhanced by automated sampling and low-luminance compensation techniques. Compared to conventional calibration workflows, the proposed system reduces the number of required samples by more than 50% while achieving comparable or superior accuracy, particularly under low-luminance conditions. This is enabled by a novel combination of luminance-aware automated sampling and perceptually guided compensation mechanisms. The automated sampling strategy significantly reduces the number of required calibration samples from 96 to 44 while maintaining high calibration accuracy, achieving an average luminance error (Δ<em>L</em>) of 0.606% and a color difference (Δ<em>E</em>) of 0.091. The low-luminance compensation algorithm mitigates accuracy degradation in darker regions, ensuring compliance with stringent medical-grade performance standards. These results demonstrate that high-precision calibration can be achieved using economical color sensors, offering a practical and scalable solution for medical-grade LCDs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103336"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145938454","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Self-attention-based mixture-of-experts framework for non-invasive prediction of MGMT promoter methylation in glioblastoma using multi-modal MRI 利用多模态MRI对胶质母细胞瘤中MGMT启动子甲基化进行无创预测的基于自我注意的专家混合框架

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103358

Yuehui Liao , Yun Zheng , Jingyu Zhu , Yu Chen , Feng Gao , Yaning Feng , Weiji Yang , Guang Yang , Xiaobo Lai , Panfei Li

{"title":"Self-attention-based mixture-of-experts framework for non-invasive prediction of MGMT promoter methylation in glioblastoma using multi-modal MRI","authors":"Yuehui Liao , Yun Zheng , Jingyu Zhu , Yu Chen , Feng Gao , Yaning Feng , Weiji Yang , Guang Yang , Xiaobo Lai , Panfei Li","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103358","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103358","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive brain tumor associated with poor prognosis and limited treatment options. The methylation status of the O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) promoter is a critical biomarker for predicting the efficacy of temozolomide chemotherapy in GBM patients. However, current methods for determining MGMT promoter methylation, including invasive and costly techniques, hinder their widespread clinical application. In this study, we propose a novel non-invasive deep learning framework based on a Mixture-of-Experts (MoE) architecture for predicting MGMT promoter methylation status using multi-modal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data. Our MoE model incorporates modality-specific expert networks built on the ResNet18 architecture, with a self-attention-based gating mechanism that dynamically selects and integrates the most relevant features across MRI modalities (T1-weighted, contrast-enhanced T1, T2-weighted, and fluid-attenuated inversion recovery). We evaluate the proposed framework on the BraTS2021 and TCGA-GBM datasets, showing superior performance compared to conventional deep learning models in terms of accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, and area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC). Furthermore, Grad-CAM visualizations provide enhanced interpretability by highlighting biologically relevant regions in the tumor and peritumoral areas that influence model predictions. The proposed framework represents a promising tool for integrating imaging biomarkers into precision oncology workflows, offering a scalable, cost-effective, and interpretable solution for non-invasive MGMT methylation prediction in GBM.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103358"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146077313","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Interactive feature pyramid network for small object detection in UAV aerial images 基于交互特征金字塔网络的无人机航拍图像小目标检测

IF 3.4 2区工程技术

Displays Pub Date : 2026-04-01 Epub Date: 2026-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.displa.2026.103352

Jinhang Zhang, LiQiang Song, Min Gao, Wenzhao Li, Zhuang Wei

{"title":"Interactive feature pyramid network for small object detection in UAV aerial images","authors":"Jinhang Zhang, LiQiang Song, Min Gao, Wenzhao Li, Zhuang Wei","doi":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103352","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.displa.2026.103352","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The high prevalence of small objects in aerial images presents a significant challenge for object detection tasks. In this paper, we propose the Interactive Feature Pyramid Network (IFPN) specifically for small object detection in aerial images. The IFPN architecture comprises an Interactive Channel-Wise Attention (ICA) module and an Interactive Spatial-Wise Attention (ISA) module. The ICA and ISA modules facilitate feature interaction across multiple layers, thereby mitigating semantic gaps and information loss inherent in traditional feature pyramids, and effectively capturing the detailed features essential for small objects. By incorporating global contextual information, IFPN enhances the model’s ability to discern the relationship between the target and its surrounding context, particularly in scenarios where small objects exhibit limited features, thereby significantly improving the accuracy of small object detection. Additionally, we propose an Attention Convolution Module (ACM) designed to furnish high-quality feature bases for IFPN during its early stages. Extensive experiments conducted on aerial image datasets attest to the effectiveness and sophistication of IFPN for detecting small objects within aerial images.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":50570,"journal":{"name":"Displays","volume":"92 ","pages":"Article 103352"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2026-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146037273","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0