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Development of a three-phase power-flow calculation method for distribution systems with automatic handling of arbitrary winding connections of transformers 自动处理变压器任意绕组连接的配电系统三相潮流计算方法的发展
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-09-23 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23445
Guilherme Cirilo Leandro, Taku Noda
{"title":"Development of a three-phase power-flow calculation method for distribution systems with automatic handling of arbitrary winding connections of transformers","authors":"Guilherme Cirilo Leandro,&nbsp;Taku Noda","doi":"10.1002/eej.23445","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eej.23445","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Single-phase loads and photovoltaic generation cause three-phase imbalance in distribution systems, and prospective growth of normal chargers of electric vehicles may even increase the imbalance. The analysis of such unbalanced systems requires the three-phase power-flow calculation. Since existing methods require the admittance matrices of three-phase transformers, they must be derived for all possible winding connection patterns in advance to its computer-code implementation. This paper proposes a three-phase power-flow calculation method which formulates circuit equations using the modified nodal analysis, making it possible to automatically handle any winding connection. The power-flow constraints are then embedded into the circuit equations using a fixed-point iteration. Newton-Raphson, backward/forward sweep and fixed-point iteration methods are the existing three categories of solution methods. Newton-Raphson methods may show convergence problems due to the high R/X ratios of distribution lines. Backward/forward sweep methods cannot be used, because loops are temporarily formed in a distribution system during circuit switching. These justify the use of a fixed-point iteration. In this paper, the proposed method is validated by practical examples.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135957849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
End effects of Halbach field magnet-type linear motor 哈尔巴赫磁场磁体型直线电机的末端效应
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-09-08 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23450
Hiroto Yamaguchi, Mimpei Morishita
{"title":"End effects of Halbach field magnet-type linear motor","authors":"Hiroto Yamaguchi,&nbsp;Mimpei Morishita","doi":"10.1002/eej.23450","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eej.23450","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A linear motor that uses a finite length Halbach array as its magnetic field causes a thrust force ripple owing to end effects. In this paper, the theoretical and numerical analysis methods of the Halbach array are investigated. The results of the electromagnetic field analysis are compared to confirm the validity of the theoretical and numerical solutions. Moreover, we focus on the magnetic pole period and coil arrangement of the finite length Halbach field type linear motor to eliminate the influence of the end effects, and report the relationship with the end effects.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86117948","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Evaluation of vector magnetic property in a three-phase induction motor model core with visualization of streamline 基于流线可视化的三相感应电机模型铁芯矢量磁性能评价
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-09-07 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23441
Yuichiro Kai, Ryoya Maeda, Masato Enokizono
{"title":"Evaluation of vector magnetic property in a three-phase induction motor model core with visualization of streamline","authors":"Yuichiro Kai,&nbsp;Ryoya Maeda,&nbsp;Masato Enokizono","doi":"10.1002/eej.23441","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eej.23441","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, a streamline display method for magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength vectors in a three-phase induction motor model core is presented, and the relationship between streamlines and magnetic properties is investigated. It is possible to visualize the vector magnetic properties distribution by representing the magnetic flux density and the magnetic field strength vector with the streamlines. In addition, the time variation of the streamlines of the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength vectors, and magnetic energy was compared. It was clear that the magnetic energy did not necessarily increase in the areas where the magnetic flux density and magnetic field strength increased because these vectors have the spatial phase difference.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134998173","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Measurements of electrical resistances and investigations of factors affecting corrosion and breakages of shielding layers in extruded three-layer 6.6 kV XLPE cables 挤压三层6.6 kV交联聚乙烯电缆电阻测量及屏蔽层腐蚀破损影响因素研究
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-09-03 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23447
Takashi Kurihara, Kenichi Kimura, Takuya Watanabe, Tomoyuki Sato
{"title":"Measurements of electrical resistances and investigations of factors affecting corrosion and breakages of shielding layers in extruded three-layer 6.6 kV XLPE cables","authors":"Takashi Kurihara,&nbsp;Kenichi Kimura,&nbsp;Takuya Watanabe,&nbsp;Tomoyuki Sato","doi":"10.1002/eej.23447","DOIUrl":"10.1002/eej.23447","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Corrosion and breakages of shielding layers are one of the factors for degradation of extruded three-layer (E-E type) 6.6 kV cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE) cables. Tohoku Electric Power Network has been measuring electrical resistances of shielding layers in E-E type 6.6 kV XLPE cables, and recently has found breakages of shielding layers. The authors performed an accelerated degradation test for shielding layers of E-E type 6.6 kV XLPE cables by taking account of aqueous solution, temperature, heat cycles, bending stress, frequency of an applied voltage, and water-proof layer in the test conditions, and investigated factors affecting corrosion and breakages of shielding layers. Corrosion, cracks, and breakages were found on shielding layers in the cables without water-proof layer, but no crack was found in the cables with water-proof layer, when heat cycles were applied to the cables, and shielding layers were supplied with artificial sea water. We investigated the suppressive effect of the cables with water-proof layer on cracks and breakages of shielding layers by measuring tensile strengths of copper tapes obtained from the shielding layers of the cables with and without water-proof layers.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-09-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135498881","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Optimizing service restoration in distribution systems based on scheduling of crews considering priorities of loads 基于考虑负荷优先级的机组调度优化配电系统服务恢复
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-08-25 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23442
Shinya Sekizaki, Teruyuki Kato, Ichiro Nishizaki, Tomohiro Hayashida, Kazuhisa Hikoyama, Tomoaki Nonoyama
{"title":"Optimizing service restoration in distribution systems based on scheduling of crews considering priorities of loads","authors":"Shinya Sekizaki,&nbsp;Teruyuki Kato,&nbsp;Ichiro Nishizaki,&nbsp;Tomohiro Hayashida,&nbsp;Kazuhisa Hikoyama,&nbsp;Tomoaki Nonoyama","doi":"10.1002/eej.23442","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.23442","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The service restoration to sound sections within a short period as much as possible, performed after the permanent fault occurs in a distribution system, is significant for maintaining power supply reliability. This paper proposes an efficient method to find service restoration procedures based on fault searching and the optimal work scheduling of crews, considering the power supply priorities of loads and the probability of occurrence of faults. The proposed method is composed of two-stage problems to reduce the outage sections efficiently: (i) the problem to find a series of searching procedures for unknown fault locations in the first stage and (ii) the optimization problem of work schedules of crews in the second stage. In the first stage, the order of operation of switches opened for searching for the fault direction is determined, constituting the searching tree. After that, the proposed optimization method can efficiently solve the work scheduling problem by formulating it as a mixed-integer linear programming problem in the second stage. The computational experiments using a large-scale distribution system model with many remote and manual switches show that the proposed method can provide efficient service restoration procedures within a reasonable computational time.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50119687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Semiconductor piezoresistance prediction model for mechanical sensor design 用于机械传感器设计的半导体压阻预测模型
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-08-19 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23443
Ryo Nakanishi, Ryo Morikawa, Masashi Kawai, Takumi Nakahara, Toshiyuki Toriyama
{"title":"Semiconductor piezoresistance prediction model for mechanical sensor design","authors":"Ryo Nakanishi,&nbsp;Ryo Morikawa,&nbsp;Masashi Kawai,&nbsp;Takumi Nakahara,&nbsp;Toshiyuki Toriyama","doi":"10.1002/eej.23443","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.23443","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This paper addresses semiconductor piezoresistive materials selection in MEMS engineering design. From the practical engineering point of view, it is important to understand piezoresistance properties of semiconductors even if less accuracy under feasibility design phase. However, piezoresistance is frequently analyzed based on first principle electronic band structure simulations by sophisticate physicists. Practical engineers not familiar with this simulation cannot directly apply useful information derived from the result of simulation. This paper provides practical prediction method for piezoresistance based on electronic band parameters obtained from the state-of-the-art solid-state physics. It is demonstrated that the crucial parameters which control the p-type shear piezoresistance coefficient <i>π</i><sub>44</sub> in diamond and zinc-blend single crystals are the inverse of square of bond length in unit cell atom, the square root of valence light hole mass, and the shear elastic compliance coefficient <i>S</i><sub>44</sub>.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50152270","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fundamental evaluation of direct-cooling technology for in-wheel drive system 轮毂驱动系统直接冷却技术的基本评价
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-08-18 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23444
Tetsuya Suto, Makoto Ito, Akeshi Takahashi, Ryuichiro Iwano, Takafumi Hara
{"title":"Fundamental evaluation of direct-cooling technology for in-wheel drive system","authors":"Tetsuya Suto,&nbsp;Makoto Ito,&nbsp;Akeshi Takahashi,&nbsp;Ryuichiro Iwano,&nbsp;Takafumi Hara","doi":"10.1002/eej.23444","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.23444","url":null,"abstract":"<p>We are developing a small and lightweight direct-drive system toward the realization of in-wheel electric vehicles (EVs). To increase the power density of the motor, we developed a direct-cooling motor that immersed the core, coils, and magnets in cooling oil and improved cooling efficiency. Moreover, we performed measurements of frictional loss, measurement of pressure drop, and a continuous heat-run test on the test bench. The results demonstrated that direct cooling is effective and continuous operation can be achieved. Additionally, it was found that the coil temperature can be controlled by the flow rate of the cooling oil. In this paper, we report on the concept of direct cooling and the measurement results.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50151958","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Experimental and theoretical analyses on power generation characteristics of co-axial MHD energy conversion device 同轴MHD能量转换装置发电特性的实验与理论分析
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-08-16 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23446
Takahiro Hasebe, Ryo Sasaki, Takayasu Fujino, Hidemasa Takana, Hiromichi Kobayashi
{"title":"Experimental and theoretical analyses on power generation characteristics of co-axial MHD energy conversion device","authors":"Takahiro Hasebe,&nbsp;Ryo Sasaki,&nbsp;Takayasu Fujino,&nbsp;Hidemasa Takana,&nbsp;Hiromichi Kobayashi","doi":"10.1002/eej.23446","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.23446","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Experiments on power generation were conducted under the open-circuit condition to validate theoretical analyses on the power generation characteristics of a co-axial MHD energy conversion device. Considering distribution of externally applied magnetic field and the electromotive force induced by the rotation of the conductive inner cylinder, the results show that the experimental open-circuit voltage was lower than the theoretical one for the wide channel width, whereas the experimental open-circuit voltage was higher than the theoretical one for the narrow channel width. The inclination of the inner cylinder might cause the decrease in effective radial ratio.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50151214","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Electrical treeing phenomena in two-layer silicone gel with different crosslinking degrees and its dielectric strength 不同交联度双层硅胶的电树枝现象及其介电强度
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-07-08 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23437
Risa Kuroda, Hyeon-Gu Jeon, Haruo Ihori
{"title":"Electrical treeing phenomena in two-layer silicone gel with different crosslinking degrees and its dielectric strength","authors":"Risa Kuroda,&nbsp;Hyeon-Gu Jeon,&nbsp;Haruo Ihori","doi":"10.1002/eej.23437","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.23437","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Silicone gel is widely used to encapsulate power modules, and improvement of its dielectric strength has been required. So, the purpose of our research is to improve dielectric strength of silicone gel encapsulant, and we focus on crosslinking degree of silicone gel. Previous studies have shown that growth mechanism of electrical tree changes with crosslinking degree of silicone gel. This suggests the possibility that the presence of the interface by different crosslinking degrees inhibits the tree growth. In this paper, we have investigated the tree growth and breakdown characteristics in silicone gel—crosslinking degrees graded layer materials. The interfaces in our study are arrange as being vertical to the line of electric force. Consequently, it was clarified that barrier effect of interface by different crosslinking degrees and the relaxation of electric field in low crosslinking degree region retards on tree growth, which improves the dielectric strength.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-07-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50124763","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Formulation and mixing conditions of magnetic composite materials used for magnetic wedges in an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor 内装永磁同步电机磁楔用磁性复合材料的配方和混合条件
IF 0.4 4区 工程技术
Electrical Engineering in Japan Pub Date : 2023-06-30 DOI: 10.1002/eej.23430
Manabu Horiuchi, Ryo Yoshida, Masami Nirei, Mitsuhide Sato, Tsutomu Mizuno
{"title":"Formulation and mixing conditions of magnetic composite materials used for magnetic wedges in an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor","authors":"Manabu Horiuchi,&nbsp;Ryo Yoshida,&nbsp;Masami Nirei,&nbsp;Mitsuhide Sato,&nbsp;Tsutomu Mizuno","doi":"10.1002/eej.23430","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1002/eej.23430","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) is characterized by its high efficiency. However, torque ripple and loss occur because of the spatial harmonics generated by air-gap permeance fluctuations. This study clarified that slot harmonic components can be suppressed by inserting magnetic wedges made of magnetic composite material in the slot opening of an IPMSM. First, the authors examined the torque and loss characteristics by varying relative permeability and saturation magnetic flux density of magnetic wedges using finite element analysis (FEA). Results indicated that the torque ripple and loss could be suppressed when the relative permeability of the magnetic wedge was <i>μ</i><sub>r</sub> = 10 to 22 and the saturation magnetic flux density was <i>B</i><sub>s</sub> = 0.5 to 0.75 T. Furthermore, the authors produced magnetic composite materials made of various soft magnetic material powders and examined their magnetic properties and viscosities. Results showed that a magnetic composite material with optimal magnetic properties and injectable viscosity could be manufactured using Fe-Si-Al with a low volume fraction.</p>","PeriodicalId":50550,"journal":{"name":"Electrical Engineering in Japan","volume":"216 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50155826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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