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Estimation of electric field inside a neural spheroid by low-frequency magnetic field exposure 通过低频磁场暴露估算神经球体内的电场
IF 0.5 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-06-03 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12460
Atsushi Saito, Takeo Shiina, Yoichi Sekiba
{"title":"Estimation of electric field inside a neural spheroid by low-frequency magnetic field exposure","authors":"Atsushi Saito,&nbsp;Takeo Shiina,&nbsp;Yoichi Sekiba","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12460","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12460","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Exposure to time-varying, low-frequency and high-intensity magnetic field (MF) induce electric field (EF) inside the human body, producing stimulus effects such as nerve fiber excitation or synaptic modulation. To measure such stimulus effects by low-frequency MF exposure in real-time, we developed a fluorescent recording system using optical fibers that is neither affected by the MF nor affects the MF distribution. In this study, a numerical calculation model composed of voxels with a 6.25 µm spatial resolution was developed. Using this numerical model, we evaluated the distribution of the EF generated inside three-dimensional neuronal tissue called neural spheroid, under 50 Hz sinusoidal wave, 300 mT (root mean square) uniform MF exposure. We also investigated the influence of the optical fiber on the electric field distribution in neural spheroid. As a result, MF produced an induced EF in the neural spheroid of more than 4 V/m, well above the theoretical threshold of synaptic modulation. These results indicated that our experimental system was suitable for the evaluation of the threshold of stimulus effects using neural spheroid.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2024-06-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141271132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of a degradation method for evaluation of edible oils using a contactless quartz crystal complex capacitance sensor 利用非接触式石英晶体复合电容传感器开发食用油降解评估方法
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-29 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12459
Yu Oshima, Masayuki Sohgawa, Takashi Abe
{"title":"Development of a degradation method for evaluation of edible oils using a contactless quartz crystal complex capacitance sensor","authors":"Yu Oshima,&nbsp;Masayuki Sohgawa,&nbsp;Takashi Abe","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12459","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12459","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A method for evaluating the degradation of edible oils using a contactless quartz-based capacitive detector is reported herein. Oils easily oxidize, resulting in loss of flavor and nutritional value. Therefore, it is necessary to determine oil degradation. We attempted to evaluate the degradation of edible oils by heat and light using this sensor. The results showed the degradation of heated and irradiated oil could be detected. This is due to the compound was formed during heating and irradiation.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Numerical study of plasma behavior in a disk-shaped noble gas MHD generator 盘形惰性气体 MHD 发生器中等离子体行为的数值研究
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-28 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12445
Ork Kimsor, Yoshihiro Okuno
{"title":"Numerical study of plasma behavior in a disk-shaped noble gas MHD generator","authors":"Ork Kimsor,&nbsp;Yoshihiro Okuno","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12445","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12445","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Plasma behavior in cesium-seeded argon (Ar/Cs) and xenon-seeded argon (Ar/Xe) disk-shaped MHD generators are compared under almost the same working conditions using r-θ two-dimensional simulation. For both working gases, uniform plasma occurs at the optimum load resistance, and the power outputs are the same under an identical inlet ionization degree. For Ar/Cs, plasma is stable and uniform in the range of electron temperature of 4300–5800 K basically according to the linear perturbation theory. In the actual plasma in the MHD generator, however, the uniform plasma still can be maintained even at higher electron temperatures due to the low three-body recombination coefficient of Ar. For Ar/Xe, on the other hand, uniform plasma is maintained when the characteristic time of the electron number density is longer than the residence time of the working gas where the electron temperature is around 4300–8600 K, even though unstable plasma is suggested from the linear perturbation theory.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141196040","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Gas classification by an electronic-nose prototype based on a single gas sensor with novel temperature modulation 基于单个气体传感器和新型温度调制的电子鼻原型进行气体分类
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12458
Maaki Saeki, Yuki Okura, Takefumi Yoshikawa, Tatsuya Iwata
{"title":"Gas classification by an electronic-nose prototype based on a single gas sensor with novel temperature modulation","authors":"Maaki Saeki,&nbsp;Yuki Okura,&nbsp;Takefumi Yoshikawa,&nbsp;Tatsuya Iwata","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12458","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12458","url":null,"abstract":"<p>An electronic nose prototype based on the novel temperature-modulation technique is developed, where the heater voltage changes its amplitude and frequency periodically. The system comprises a sensor analog front end and a digital processing part including a heater voltage generator and a sensor data transmitter, where the digital part was implemented by a field programmable gate array. The fabricated prototype successfully generated the modulated heater waveform and synchronously acquired sensor responses at a sampling rate of 10 kHz. Whereby, sensor responses to the test gases of volatile organic compounds were collected. Gas classification was achieved with an accuracy of 99.6% based on the data obtained by the prototype, demonstrating the promising properties of the prototype as a compact and highly precise electronic nose.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141149088","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Monitoring plant growth by analyzing their morphology using microfocus X-ray CT 利用微聚焦 X 射线 CT 分析植物形态，监测植物生长情况
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12448
Tadashi Kunieda, Maika M. Hayashi, Ryo Kumagai, Noriaki Matsuura, Makito Haruta, Jun Ohta, Taku Demura
{"title":"Monitoring plant growth by analyzing their morphology using microfocus X-ray CT","authors":"Tadashi Kunieda,&nbsp;Maika M. Hayashi,&nbsp;Ryo Kumagai,&nbsp;Noriaki Matsuura,&nbsp;Makito Haruta,&nbsp;Jun Ohta,&nbsp;Taku Demura","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12448","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12448","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The growth and development of embryophytes is deeply influenced by environmental stimuli, such as light, temperature, and soil nutrients. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the growth response of plants to environmental stimuli is crucial for agriculture. In this study, we examined the morphology of a flowering plant, <i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>, using microfocus X-ray computed tomography (µCT), which enables non-destructive analysis of the external and internal structures of plants. Three-dimensional (3D) images of the plant, which were reconstructed from X-ray scanned data, clearly showed the shapes of its leaves, stems, and buds from any angle. At a higher magnification, the µCT also revealed the small hair-like structures called trichomes on the Arabidopsis leaf epidermis. However, motion artifacts found in the 3D-reconstructed images indicated that plant's growth rate was faster than scanning speed. Thus, scan parameters must be accordingly optimized. Additionally, CT-based 3D printing can be used to design micro devices that can be further used to monitor plant growth. These results suggest that µCT is a useful technique for analyzing morphology of growing plants.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141149073","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Development of portable deterioration diagnosis device for oil filled transformers based on near-infrared spectroscopic information 开发基于近红外光谱信息的便携式充油变压器劣化诊断装置
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-25 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12451
Seiichirou Oshima, Ken-Ichiro Suehara, Fumiya Fushimi, Hisahide Nakamura, Atsushi Hashimoto
{"title":"Development of portable deterioration diagnosis device for oil filled transformers based on near-infrared spectroscopic information","authors":"Seiichirou Oshima,&nbsp;Ken-Ichiro Suehara,&nbsp;Fumiya Fushimi,&nbsp;Hisahide Nakamura,&nbsp;Atsushi Hashimoto","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12451","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12451","url":null,"abstract":"<p>A transformer plays a key role in electric power distribution system; therefore, when the transformer fails, several electrical components may get affected. As a result, diagnosing the deterioration of transformers is important for the management of electric power distribution system. The furfural content in the insulating oil of a transformer is widely used as an indicator of deterioration because furfural is generated by the decomposition of insulating paper. However, analyzing the furfural content is time consuming because of the requirement of a professional and the complexity of the diagnosis process. In this study, we propose a novel method for analyzing the amount of furfural in the insulating oil based on near-infrared spectroscopic data obtained using the developed portable spectrometer, which can be used for the on-site analysis at transformer installation sites. We selected wavenumbers with high correlation coefficients between the furfural content of oil and the spectroscopic data and estimated the furfural content by partial least squares regression. The results suggest that the furfural content can be analyzed in a few minutes using a small amount of oil through a portable diagnostic device.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141149075","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Binary image embedding and restoration in speech signal 语音信号中的二进制图像嵌入与还原
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-23 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12444
Shuya Ikesugi, Arata Kawamura
{"title":"Binary image embedding and restoration in speech signal","authors":"Shuya Ikesugi,&nbsp;Arata Kawamura","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12444","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12444","url":null,"abstract":"<p>In this paper, we propose a method of embedding images into a speech signal. An image is embedded in the high frequency band above 16 kHz of the speech signal to be difficult to perceive for humans. In the proposed method, the image is embedded after being binarized by the error diffusion method. When the image is embedded, we apply an iterative phase restoration method to avoid noise generation. We also investigate a compensation method for an extracted image whose quality degrades due to transmission channel characteristics. Simulation and real-environmental experiments showed that the proposed method significantly improved the quality of the extracted image on the receiver side.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141105838","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Fabricating process of thin-strain sensor by utilizing wafer-level-packaging techniques 利用晶圆级封装技术制造薄应变传感器的过程
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-20 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12450
Takanori Aono, Masatoshi Kanamaru, Hiroshi Ikeda
{"title":"Fabricating process of thin-strain sensor by utilizing wafer-level-packaging techniques","authors":"Takanori Aono,&nbsp;Masatoshi Kanamaru,&nbsp;Hiroshi Ikeda","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12450","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12450","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This research has developed a fabricating process of thin-strain sensor by utilizing wafer-level-packaging (WLP) techniques. The thickness of sensor makes thinner, its performance is able to highly increase. However, the thinner sensor was fragile, and so it was difficult to handle in post processes. Thus, a thin sensor with lid by utilizing WLP techniques, which is tough to break even when handled, is proposed in this research. More than 250-µm-deep grooves were fabricated around the lid by deep reactive ion etching. After the lid substrate was bonded on the sensor substrate with a resin, the sensor and lid substrates were respectively polished to 50 and 200 µm thickness. The lids were released along the grooves, and the 50-µm-thick strain sensors were able to be fabricated by utilizing WLP techniques. This sensor was used as a diaphragm to measure pressure. The sensors were assembled on a stainless steel housing without breakage. The performance of the developed sensor was almost showed with a conventional pressure sensor.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141121039","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Analysis of partial load loss of the PCS and internal storage battery loss in residential PV power generation and storage battery systems 住宅光伏发电和蓄电池系统中 PCS 部分负载损耗和内部蓄电池损耗分析
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12452
Manaka Yamada, Ken-Ichiro Nishio
{"title":"Analysis of partial load loss of the PCS and internal storage battery loss in residential PV power generation and storage battery systems","authors":"Manaka Yamada,&nbsp;Ken-Ichiro Nishio","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12452","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12452","url":null,"abstract":"<p>This study aims to quantify the amount of loss due to partial load of power conditioning system (PCS) and internal loss of storage battery in residential photovoltaic (PV) power generation and storage battery system by using home energy management system (HEMS) data. After identifying the configuration of the PV power generation and storage battery system, HEMS data on PV power generation, household demand, storage battery charging, storage battery discharging, purchased power and sold power were extracted and analyzed according to the research purpose. As a result, the loss due to partial load of the PCS and the average internal loss of the storage battery were quantified. In addition, it was confirmed that a more realistic system simulation could be performed by considering the impact of the partial load of the PCS and the average internal loss of the storage battery.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141062284","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Adaptive output feedback control system design for nonlinear systems via neural networks 通过神经网络设计非线性系统的自适应输出反馈控制系统
IF 0.3 4区 工程技术
Electronics and Communications in Japan Pub Date : 2024-05-18 DOI: 10.1002/ecj.12446
Zhao Li, Nozomu Otakara, Nozomu Kato, Ikuro Mizumoto
{"title":"Adaptive output feedback control system design for nonlinear systems via neural networks","authors":"Zhao Li,&nbsp;Nozomu Otakara,&nbsp;Nozomu Kato,&nbsp;Ikuro Mizumoto","doi":"10.1002/ecj.12446","DOIUrl":"10.1002/ecj.12446","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Adaptive output feedback control based on output feedback exponential passivity (OFEP) has a simple structure and strong robustness in regard to disturbances and system uncertainties. However, it is difficult for most nonlinear systems to satisfy the conditions of OFEP. Thus, the introduction of a suitable parallel feedforward compensator (PFC) to construct an OFEP-augmented system with the controlled system has been used, but the control output cannot achieve perfect tracking because of the output of the introduced PFC. As a solution, introducing a feedforward (FF) input to build a 2 degree of freedom (2-DOF) is a simple and effective way to solve this problem. In this paper, we propose the design schemes for suitable PFC and FF input of nonlinear systems via the use of neural networks (NN), respectively. Besides, to cope with possibly present input disturbances, we also provide a method to achieve disturbance compensation based on NN to reduce their interference. Finally, the effectiveness of all proposed design schemes is confirmed through numerical simulations.</p>","PeriodicalId":50539,"journal":{"name":"Electronics and Communications in Japan","volume":"107 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.3,"publicationDate":"2024-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141125060","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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