Environmental Conservation最新文献_第4页

Greenness and biodiversity of open spaces in primary schools and their local surroundings in England 英格兰小学开放空间及其周边环境的绿化和生物多样性

3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-10-04 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000255

Kate Howlett, Edgar C Turner

{"title":"Greenness and biodiversity of open spaces in primary schools and their local surroundings in England","authors":"Kate Howlett, Edgar C Turner","doi":"10.1017/s0376892923000255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892923000255","url":null,"abstract":"Summary There is increasing disconnect between children and nature in the UK. Given that childhood nature experiences are important for the development of nature connection, well-being benefits and aspects of children’s development, mapping the existing biodiversity that children are exposed to on a daily basis in schools and their grounds is vital to identifying areas of low biodiversity and to developing strategies to increase exposure to nature. Despite children spending a large portion of time at schools, there has not yet been an in-depth, in situ assessment of the biodiversity present in school grounds. Using a sample of 14 English schools, including state-funded and non-state-funded schools, we used remote images to quantify green-space area within a 3–km buffer around (buffer greenness) and within (school greenness) each school, including the school’s grounds surrounding the buildings, and in situ images to quantify vegetation visible to children within each school’s grounds (visible vegetation). We also surveyed trees, ground plants, ground invertebrates and birds within school grounds. School greenness correlated positively with visible vegetation, but buffer greenness was not related to either school greenness or visible vegetation. Buffer greenness correlated positively with plant richness, and school greenness correlated positively with tree abundance and richness. Visible vegetation correlated positively with tree abundance and richness, maximum tree diameter at breast height, plant richness and invertebrate abundance. Non-state-funded schools had higher visible vegetation than state-funded schools. Our sample indicates that schools can support considerable biodiversity and that this is broadly consistent across state-funded and non-state-funded schools. We suggest that increasing the amount of vegetation, through planting of trees, shrubs and borders, may be the most effective method of increasing school biodiversity, as visible vegetation had effects on the greatest number of taxa.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":"267 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135592592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Conservation and indigenous peoples’ struggles for livelihoods: Suba Park (Ethiopia) 保护与土著人民的生计斗争:苏巴公园(埃塞俄比亚)

3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-09-26 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000218

Gutema Gizachew Abate

{"title":"Conservation and indigenous peoples’ struggles for livelihoods: Suba Park (Ethiopia)","authors":"Gutema Gizachew Abate","doi":"10.1017/s0376892923000218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892923000218","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Contested from the early period of Menelik territorial expansion into the hinterlands of Addis Ababa, areas in the vicinity of Suba Park continue to be a bone of political contention in the context of the struggle of Oromo people against the expansion of the central state. A flashpoint is the Oromo protests (2014–2018) against federal state territorial expansion into the Oromo ethnic territory through a new Addis Ababa Master Plan that led to the deposition of Haile Mariam Desalegn and the installation of Abiy Amhed. I investigate how the state environmental policy maintained for extraction and conservation in the Suba forest between the late 1890s and 2018 affected the Tulama modes of land use related to their worldviews and their use of material, social, spiritual and symbolic values of land in the struggle for land and resource rights. I used ethnographic methods that included in-depth and semi-structured interviews, participant observations and document analysis to investigate long-standing and complex land-based conflicts in and around Suba Park. I show how simplifying state narratives of environmental policy entrenched in centralized state administration and exclusionist resource management schemes have reinforced a wider concern about indigenous land and resource rights and decentralized environmental governance.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":"47 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134960290","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Applying geostatistical hotspot analyses to a ‘double-invaded’ plant–pest co-occurrence scenario 应用地质统计热点分析“双重入侵”植物-害虫共生情景

3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-09-22 DOI: 10.1017/s037689292300022x

Walter De Simone, Mattia Iannella, Paola D’Alessandro, Maurizio Biondi

{"title":"Applying geostatistical hotspot analyses to a ‘double-invaded’ plant–pest co-occurrence scenario","authors":"Walter De Simone, Mattia Iannella, Paola D’Alessandro, Maurizio Biondi","doi":"10.1017/s037689292300022x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s037689292300022x","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Invasive alien species represent a multifaceted management problem in terms of threats to biodiversity and ecosystems and their impacts on agriculture and human well-being. Ambrosia artemisiifolia is an invasive alien plant in Europe that affects the human population as its already highly allergenic pollen can interact with air pollutants, resulting in detrimental effects on health. In this context, the invasive beetle Ophraella communa was proposed as a biocontrol agent of A. artemisiifolia , as it feeds on its leaves, leading to a decrease in pollen production. This paper takes advantage of the different co-occurrence classes obtained by the ecological niche models inferred for both of these species based on current and future climatic conditions. We integrate them with spatial data regarding major air pollutants (nitrogen dioxide and fine particulate matter). We couple this information with European human population density data at a narrow territorial scale to infer current and future statistically significant hotspots of health risk. The Netherlands and the UK host the widest hotspots within their national territory for both current (7.09% and 3.54%, respectively) and future (15.04% and 6.70%, respectively) scenarios. Considering the alarming results obtained for some areas, the monitoring and biocontrol of A. artemisiifolia should be applied as a European strategy.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136060379","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Socio-environmental responsibility in Iranian universities: a multidimensional perspective 伊朗大学的社会环境责任:多维视角

3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-09-21 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000206

Mahdi Kolahi, Rogaieh AzimiSeginSara

{"title":"Socio-environmental responsibility in Iranian universities: a multidimensional perspective","authors":"Mahdi Kolahi, Rogaieh AzimiSeginSara","doi":"10.1017/s0376892923000206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892923000206","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Universities are expected to play a pivotal role in promoting environmental conservation goals, yet a comprehensive analysis of their actual contributions remains limited. This study delves into the perceptions of socio-environmental responsibility among faculty members within Iran’s top 13 universities. Using random cluster sampling, we collected 410 questionnaires from these institutions, evaluating socio-environmental responsibility through eight distinct variables. The outcomes unveil widespread deficiencies in responsibility across all universities, with 66% exhibiting low levels of engagement. Notably, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources displays the lowest level, while Bu-Ali Sina University ranks highest. The research variables exhibit significant positive correlations, elucidating the interconnectedness of different aspects of socio-environmental responsibility. Furthermore, the study identifies a significant disparity in mean university socio-environmental responsibility concerning gender, although no significant relationships are found with factors such as professors’ academic rank, employment status or age. Sixteen codes are highlighted based on qualitative analysis. These findings underscore the urgency for universities to redefine their roles within the community and prioritize community empowerment, stakeholder engagement, capacity building and environmental education. By addressing these facets, universities can elevate their levels of socio-environmental responsibility and contribute more effectively to environmental conservation efforts.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136154315","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Examining how risk diversification for conservation is influenced by the probability assigned to uncertainty scenarios 研究不确定情景的概率如何影响保护的风险分散

3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-09-15 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000231

Seong-Hoon Cho, Nawon Kang, Gengping Zhu

{"title":"Examining how risk diversification for conservation is influenced by the probability assigned to uncertainty scenarios","authors":"Seong-Hoon Cho, Nawon Kang, Gengping Zhu","doi":"10.1017/s0376892923000231","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892923000231","url":null,"abstract":"Summary Despite the progress in conservation risk management, conservation organizations are reluctant to interface usable risk-diversification strategies with their decision-making processes. One reason for this reluctance is that the empirical models used to develop risk-diversification strategies need the expected returns on investment (ROIs) of target assets and their variances and covariances, and the probabilities of occurrence of the scenarios needed to calculate those statistics are almost always unknown. We examine how risk diversification for conservation is influenced by the probabilities assigned to uncertainty scenarios using a case study involving the conservation of biodiversity at the county level in the central and southern Appalachian region within the framework of modern portfolio theory. A comparison of risk-mitigating portfolios with bootstrapped and fixed probability distributions shows that introducing the flexibility of an unknown probability distribution of uncertainty scenarios allows conservation organizations to spread bets more than with the inflexibility of the fixed probability distribution, while also achieving higher expected ROIs per unit of risk on average. The improvement becomes more significant when conservation organizations are less risk averse.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135437030","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

On the effectiveness of public awareness campaigns for the management of invasive species 关于管理入侵物种的公众宣传运动的有效性

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1017/s037689292300019x

Anne L Haley, Tanya A Lemieux, M. Piczak, Spencer Karau, Alexa D’Addario, R. Irvine, C. Beaudoin, J. Bennett, S. J. Cooke

{"title":"On the effectiveness of public awareness campaigns for the management of invasive species","authors":"Anne L Haley, Tanya A Lemieux, M. Piczak, Spencer Karau, Alexa D’Addario, R. Irvine, C. Beaudoin, J. Bennett, S. J. Cooke","doi":"10.1017/s037689292300019x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s037689292300019x","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Invasive species can have disastrous effects on the ecosystems they invade, requiring costly, labour-intensive mitigation. Public awareness campaigns are often used as a tool to reduce these species’ impacts. While heralded as useful and cost-effective, little evidence suggests that these campaigns contribute to meaningful biological outcomes. Furthermore, awareness campaigns are relatively understudied despite their usage as a common approach to mitigating invasive species. We conducted a literature review to assess publications that evaluated the efficacy of public awareness campaigns for managing invasive species. Out of 4382 papers initially extracted for analysis, we determined that 24 of them included studies conducted on awareness campaigns for invasive species. Four public awareness campaigns were deemed a ‘success’, and the other campaigns’ success was indeterminable due to study design. Our study revealed that inconsistencies in defined end points, unclear procedures and variability of campaigns contribute to there being insufficient evidence to determine the efficacy of public awareness campaigns. To evaluate the true efficacy of public awareness campaigns, we recommend that organizations conducting such campaigns implement rigorous and standardized assessments (e.g., Before–After Control–Impact designs or Bayesian analyses) that include measures of not just changes in the knowledge and behaviour of target audiences, but also relevant biological outcomes.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47754120","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Supporting better forest landscape restoration by making investor funding for tree planting conditional on an adequate explanation of how tree seeds and seedlings will be sourced 通过对如何获得种子和树苗的充分解释，为投资者提供植树资金，以支持更好地恢复森林景观

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-08-22 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000188

R. Kindt, S. Carsan, L. Graudal, R. Jamnadass, J. Lillesø, W. Tadesse, J. Chege, Fabio Pedercini, Søren Moestrup, I. Dawson

引用次数: 1

Commuters: a waterbird provides a new view of how species may utilize cities and wildlands 通勤者:一种水鸟为物种如何利用城市和荒野提供了新的视角

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000152

Katherine R Shlepr, Betsy A. Evans, D. Gawlik

{"title":"Commuters: a waterbird provides a new view of how species may utilize cities and wildlands","authors":"Katherine R Shlepr, Betsy A. Evans, D. Gawlik","doi":"10.1017/s0376892923000152","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892923000152","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Traditional classifications of vertebrates’ responses to urbanization fail to capture the behaviour of those that rely on both urban and wildland resources for population persistence. Here, we use the wood stork (Mycteria americana), a species that makes daily foraging trips up to 74 km away from its nest, as an example of a previously unrecognized response to urbanization. We monitored nests and sampled diets at stork colonies in south Florida (USA) during 2014–2020 to investigate how storks use urban habitats. We found that urban development now comprises up to 51.6% of the land cover within the 30-km core foraging area surrounding colonies and that storks access alternative prey types within these urban areas. Our results also showed that urban-nesting storks outperformed wildland-nesting storks when the hydrological condition of the wetlands was suboptimal for foraging. Though storks still require healthy wetlands for population persistence, urban habitat benefitted storks when hydrological patterns were not ideal for prey production in wildlands. This ‘commuter’ response to urbanization, whereby individuals opt to utilize both urban and wildland resources within short time periods, may apply to other vertebrates with large home ranges.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-07-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48364899","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Shifting values and the fate of sacred forests in Guinea-Bissau: are community-managed forests the answer? 价值观的转变和几内亚比绍神圣森林的命运：社区管理的森林是答案吗？

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-07-06 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000164

A. Palmeirim, Sambu Seck, L. Palma, R. Ladle

引用次数: 0

Spatiotemporal evaluation of waning grassland habitats for swamp deer conservation across the human-dominated upper Gangetic Plains, India 印度恒河上游平原沼泽鹿保护草地生境退化的时空评价

IF 2.7 3区环境科学与生态学

Environmental Conservation Pub Date : 2023-06-22 DOI: 10.1017/s0376892923000140

Shrutarshi Paul, Sohini Saha, P. Nigam, Sk Zeeshan Ali, N. Page, Aamer Sohel Khan, Mukesh Kumar, B. Habib, D. Mohan, B. Pandav, S. Mondol

{"title":"Spatiotemporal evaluation of waning grassland habitats for swamp deer conservation across the human-dominated upper Gangetic Plains, India","authors":"Shrutarshi Paul, Sohini Saha, P. Nigam, Sk Zeeshan Ali, N. Page, Aamer Sohel Khan, Mukesh Kumar, B. Habib, D. Mohan, B. Pandav, S. Mondol","doi":"10.1017/s0376892923000140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1017/s0376892923000140","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Grassland habitats currently face severe anthropogenic exploitation, thereby affecting the survival of grassland-dependent biodiversity globally. The biodiversity-rich grasslands of India lack quantitative spatiotemporal information on their status. We evaluated the status of upper Gangetic Plains grasslands in 2015 and compared it with those from 1985, 1995 and 2005. On-ground mapping and visual classifications revealed a 57% decline in these grasslands between 1985 (418 km2) and 2015 (178 km2), mostly driven by habitat conversion (74% contribution by cropland). Limited radiotelemetry data from endemic swamp deer indicated a possible grassland-dominated average home range size of 1.02 km2, and these patches were highly preferred (average Ivlev’s index = 0.85) over other land-use classes at both spatial and temporal scales. Camera-trapping within the core habitats suggests the critical use of these patches as fawning/breeding grounds. Habitat suitability analysis indicates only c. 17% of the area along the Ganges is suitable as swamp deer habitat. We recommend the protection of these critical grassland patches to maintain ‘dynamic corridors’, with restoration and other management approaches involving multiple stakeholders to ensure the survival of this critical ecosystem.","PeriodicalId":50517,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Conservation","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2023-06-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42672140","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0