Epidemiologia & Prevenzione最新文献

{"title":"[Inspection and workplace fatalities: between expectations and reality].","authors":"Davide Valentini, Marcello Libener, Giulia Caruso, Massimiliano Tisi, Osvaldo Pasqualini","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A884.018","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A884.018","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to evaluate the preventability of workplace fatalities that occurred in Piedmont Region (Northern Italy) through inspections by Occupational Safety and Health (OSH) inspectors. It was examined whether an inspection carried out the day before the event could have avoided the injury, and also differences in its impact across various sectors were investigated.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>descriptive study.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>workplace injury investigations conducted by OSH inspectors on fatalities that occurred in Piedmont from 2002 to 2022, classified according to the InforMo method.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>using a group of validated criteria of preventability, fatalities were divided into three categories: probably preventable, probably not preventable, and uncertain.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>two-thirds of the 786 workers who died were employed in construction and agriculture, while the remaining third worked in manufacturing and other sectors. The analysis on the preventability of fatalities indicates that, in at least half and up to two thirds of the cases, an inspection carried out the previous day probably could not have prevented the fatality. Interviews with OSH inspectors confirmed the validity of the criteria adopted to classify the preventability of injuries.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the results suggest that, although inspections can play a significant role in preventing workplace fatalities, a considerable portion of them probably could not have been avoided with a hypothetical inspection the day before the event. To corroborate this result, it is necessary to extend the analysis to fatalities occurring in other Regions. Nevertheless, it is necessary to strengthen the contribution of the various actors envisaged by Legislative Decree 81/2008 and Legislative Decree 626/1994 (RSPP, RLS, etc.) to improve significantly the workplace safety.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"48-54"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Occupational cancers: open issues and perspectives in cancer research, surveillance, detection, and prevention tools].","authors":"Alessia Angelini, Mirko Berti, Annibale Biggeri, Alessandra Binazzi, Matteo Bonzini, Roberto Calisti, Dolores Catelan, Caterina Cecchino, Giulia Cesaroni, Dario Consonni, Luca D'Amato, Lucia Fazzo, Isabella Giulia Franzoi, Maria Letizia Gambino, Claudio Gariazzo, Antonella Granieri, Cristina Gremita, Arianna Guaita, Corrado Lanera, Sara Maio, Alessandro Marinaccio, Daniela Marsili, Stefania Massacesi, Carolina Mensi, Enrica Migliore, Giada Minellli, Daniela Napolitano, Pietro Perotti, Antonietta Porzio, Allegra Sartore, Maria Domenica Sauta, Simone Stella, Giorgia Stoppa","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.S1.010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.1.S1.010","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1 Suppl 1","pages":"1-88"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147312181","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Errata corrige Epidemiol Prev 2023;47(1-2) Suppl 1].","authors":"","doi":"10.19191/EP26.errata.025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.errata.025","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In data 10.02.2026 è stata caricata la nuova versione del volume SENTIERI - Studio epidemiologico nazionale dei territori e degli insediamenti esposti a rischio da inquinamento. Sesto Rapporto (Epidemiol Prev 2023;47(1-2) Suppl 1. doi: 10.19191/EP23.1-2-S1.003) nella quale è stata aggiornata la tabella AVB_1 (p. 239) relativa alla SIN \"Area industriale Val Basento\".alla World Health Organization (WHO). Di conseguenza, è stato modificato il paragrafo \"Health impact estimation\" a p. 14. I PDF nei quali sono segnalate le modifiche sono disponibili alla pagina dell'articolo.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"111"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Effective epidemiology is more than big data.","authors":"David Kriebel","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.015","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.1.015","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"10-11"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Disability inclusion in \"One Health Citizen Science\" Project: experience in Sardinia Region (Southern Italy)].","authors":"Liliana Cori, Olivia Curzio, Fabrizio Bianchi, Monica Saurra, Federica Palomba, Rita Angela Pitzalis, Sara Ghiani, Marcella Madeddu, Consuelo Sira, Enrica Mocci, Simona Quaglia Meloni, Luigi Minerba","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A980.023","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A980.023","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>As part of the 'One Health Citizen Science' (OHCS) project, which aims to encourage data collection and health promotion in areas of high environmental risk, particular importance has been given to citizen participation. This article describes the pilot activity carried out in Sulcis Iglesiente, an area of Sardinia known for its various environmental pressures, which is the result of collaboration among the University of Cagliari, the Italian National Research Council and the Anffas Foundation, an association that supports people with intellectual disabilities and neurological development disorders. Interdisciplinary pathways were created to support informed participation of people with intellectual disabilities on the risks of the territory in which they live. To achieve this goal, appropriate scientific methods were used through accessible language and with the mediation of professional educators. In designing the sustainability of this citizen science activity over time, the promoters also included policy makers in the dialogue to provide them with concrete and more representative bases on which to base their decisions.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"100-104"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The prostate biopsy during the follow-up of a cohort of 400,000 asymptomatic men undergoing PSA testing in the Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan Area of Milan].","authors":"Carlotta Buzzoni, Emanuele Crocetti, Brunella Frammartino, Danilo Cereda, Antonio Giampiero Russo","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A930.012","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A930.012","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to describe the frequency of prostate biopsy and its determinants, as well as the incidence of prostate cancer, in a cohort of asymptomatic residents of the Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan Area of Milan (ATS Milano) who underwent total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>cohort study of resident men aged 30-84 years who underwent at least one PSA test (index test) in 2018-2019 and 2021-2023, with follow-up until December 2024.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>from the administrative and healthcare databases of ATS Milano, 414,731 residents who underwent at least one PSA test during the study period, presumably for screening purposes, were identified.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>frequency of specific follow-up procedures (repeat PSA testing, urological consultation, ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging), with particular focus on prostate biopsy, and cumulative incidence at 3, 6, and 12 months after the index test. Logistic regression analysis of the probability of undergoing prostate biopsy within 6 months of the index test.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>overall, 1.6% of subjects underwent a prostate biopsy within one year (N. 6,598). This proportion increased markedly with higher initial PSA values (13.8% among those with PSA >=6 ng/mL). On average, 11.7% of biopsies were the first procedure after the index test, 22.4% followed one of the procedures considered, 33.7% followed two procedures, 24.9% followed after three procedures, and 7.3% followed four procedures. Prostate cancers diagnosed were 1,157 at 3 months and 3,219 at 1 year, compared by means of the observed-to-expected ratio, to the incidence of the general population. The biopsy-to-cancer ratio was approximately 2. At 6 months, prostate biopsy was positively associated with age (up to 70-79 years), strongly associated with PSA level (>=6 ng/mL, OR: 28.7) and with Italian citizenship, while a lower risk was observed in the presence of comorbidities. The observed-to-expected ratio was greater than 1 for initial PSA values >=3 ng/mL and increased progressively with higher PSA levels.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>among residents of the ATS Milano area, a PSA level equal to or greater than 3 ng/mL identifies an early increased risk of prostate carcinoma. To ensure the timely identification of all clinically significant cases, biopsy should be integrated into a multimodal diagnostic pathway including advanced imaging, which was not always available in the analysed cohort.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"26-36"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482186","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The OASI Report and the Italian National Health Service: addressing critical challenges through dialogue between management and epidemiology].","authors":"Elisabetta Listorti, Alberto Ricci, Francesco Longo","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A1006.017","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.1.A1006.017","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"14-16"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482260","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Converting categorical risk estimates into continuous effects in environmental health systematic reviews and meta-analyses.","authors":"Lisa Bauleo, Isabella Bottini, Manuela De Sario, Alessandro Trentalange, Simona Vecchi, Paola Michelozzi, Carla Ancona","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A915.009","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A915.009","url":null,"abstract":"&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Background: &lt;/strong&gt;in environmental epidemiology, critical appraisal of evidence across studies and quantitative synthesis is crucial to inform public health, but it is challenged by the heterogeneity in exposure assessment methods. Even when assessing the same exposure, different studies frequently report risk estimates using varying categorical exposure intervals, making it difficult to compare and synthetize findings quantitatively. Advanced meta-analytical methodologies capable of harmonizing different exposure categorizations and effect estimates are crucial for generating flexible, policy-relevant, and locally applicable evidence that can be used in Health Impact Assessments of the disease burden related to environmental exposures and of the potential impact of mitigation measures.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Objectives: &lt;/strong&gt;to present a transparent and reproducible approach for harmonizing diverse categorical risk estimates (based on differently defined categories) into a per-unit continuous effect estimate, thereby including them in meta-analyses. The method is exemplified through a practical application.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Methods: &lt;/strong&gt;the method involves three steps: 1. estimating the midpoint of each exposure category and calculating category-specific per-unit continuous beta coefficients from categorical effect estimates; 2. deriving a study-specific continuous effect estimate as a weighted average of these beta coefficients; 3. calculating the uncertainty (i.e., confidence intervals) of the resulting estimate. This approach assumes linearity of risk within categories and independence of category-specific estimates. The method was illustrated through a practical application to the dataset reported by Mataloni et al. (2016), with the aim of deriving a continuous hazard risk associated with a 1 ng/m³ increase in H2S exposure. Method robustness was assessed by comparing results with the true continuous effect and with those deriving from previously published pooling methods that overcome some limitations, including the absence of risk modelling across categories and covariance estimation. The effect of different definitions of central category exposures was also examined.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Results: &lt;/strong&gt;the proposed method was applied in cases where the same exposure (e.g., H2S) was examined across studies for a given health outcome, but varying exposure intervals. A sample calculation is provided, along with an R script and corresponding Excel formulas. The method appears to provide an unbiased estimation of the 'true' continuous effect and obtained results comparable with other more complex methods both in terms of point and interval estimates pooled across categories and was robust to different central category exposures definitions.&lt;/p&gt;&lt;p&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Conclusions: &lt;/strong&gt;the proposed method provides a practical and replicable approach for converting categorical risk estimates into continuous effect estimates, enabling the harmonizat","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"77-89"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146214930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Epidemiology at the times of big data and populism].","authors":"Francesco Forastiere","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.016","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.1.016","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"12"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Prostate cancer screening. Fragmented prevention: from prescription to diagnostic pathway].","authors":"Antonio Giampiero Russo","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.013","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.1.013","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"7-9"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482236","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}