Epidemiologia & Prevenzione最新文献

{"title":"[Changes in agri-food production systems and nutritional profile of foods (1930-2024)].","authors":"Daniele Guccione","doi":"10.19191/EP26.2.A1002.042","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.2.A1002.042","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In the last decades, agriculture and animal husbandry in industrialized countries underwent a deep transformation. Extensive systems gave way to intensive, mechanized models driven by genetic and technical innovations that multiplied productive capacity. Food became more abundant, supply chains more stable. This also raises a question that today appears far from secondary. If cultivated varieties, yields, production factors, and the criteria used to select plants and animals are changing, does this alter also the nutritional composition of the foods we consume?This paper reviews available evidence on seven foods representing different trajectories in the agri-food system: apple, tomato, potato, carrot among plant products; chicken, pork, beef among meats. The timeframe spans from the 1930s to the present. For plant foods, yields increased three to five folds, while several studies report declines in selected micronutrients, often between 5% and 40%. The dilution effect is the most common explanation of this phenomenon. For meats, outcomes depend on selection goals: broiler chicken shows higher fat and lower protein density, while pork moved in the opposite direction.What emerges is that upstream choices in fields and farms shape not only the volume of the production, but also what the final product actually contains. This has implications for estimating actual nutrient intakes, for the composition tables we rely on, and for the criteria guiding genetic improvement.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 2","pages":"201-204"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148152139","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sociology and IARC monographs assessing carcinogenic hazards. A critique of Thomas Valentin Classé cancérogène. Enquête sur un processus entravé.","authors":"Benedetto Terracini","doi":"10.19191/EP26.2.A1012.044","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.2.A1012.044","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 2","pages":"156-158"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809211","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Comment on Benedetto Terracini remarks about Classé cancérogène. Enquête sur un processus entravé.","authors":"Valentin Thomas","doi":"10.19191/EP26.2.045","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.2.045","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 2","pages":"159-160"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148809262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Errata corrige Errata corrige Epidemiol Prev 2026;50(1):37-47].","authors":"","doi":"10.19191/EP26.2.errata.050","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.2.errata.050","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Nell'articolo: Lo Presti T, Marras A, Usticano A et al. La sorveglianza epidemiologica nel programma regionale di interventi sanitari nei siti di interesse nazionale per le bonifiche della Sicilia: un aggiornamento della mortalità e dell'ospedalizzazione. (Epidemiol Prev 2026;50(1):37-47. doi: 10.19191/EP26.1.A804.007) fra gli autori è stata per errore omessa Alessandra Allotta (Dipartimento per le Attività Sanitarie e Osservatorio Epidemiologico (DASOE), Assessorato della Salute, Regione Siciliana, Palermo).</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 2","pages":"204"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148152149","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[\"Tell me a story\": the use of storytelling for the prevention of workplace injuries].","authors":"Giulia Caruso, Osvaldo Pasqualini, Maurizio Marino, Luisella Gilardi","doi":"10.19191/EP26.2.A1015.041","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.2.A1015.041","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>In 2012, the 'Workplace Injury Stories' project was developed. Within this project, professionals from the Occupational Health and Safety Prevention Services of Local Health Authorities in Piedmont and Lombardy Regions (Northern Italy) and in Marche Region (Central Italy) transformed occupational injury investigation reports into narrative stories. This study aimed to explore the contexts in which injury stories are used, their application in training settings, and their contribution to preventive activities.An online survey was administered to 225 professionals involved in the project, and three focus groups were conducted. Among 135 respondents (60%), 25 participated in the focus groups. Injury stories were mainly used for training purposes, most commonly through lectures combined with group work using innovative approaches such as role play and theatrical performances, and as case studies in peer discussions and during inspection activities also emerged. In training settings, injury stories promoted identification and empathy, supporting reflection on preventive actions. These findings support the use of narrative-based training for the continuing education of workers and prevention professionals.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 2","pages":"196-200"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"148152127","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Towards an organised programme for prostate cancer screening].","authors":"Carlo Senore, Cristiano Piccinelli, Giuseppe Gorini, Gianluigi Ferrante","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19191/EP26.1.014","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"4-6"},"PeriodicalIF":1.5,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The burden of disease in Italy, 1990-2023: a subnational analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.","authors":"Giulia Zamagni, Benedetta Armocida, Giulio Castelpietra, Sara Conti, Paolo Angelo Cortesi, Pietro Ferrara, Carla Fornari, Silvano Gallus, Matilde Leonardi, Roberto Passera, Norberto Perico, Alberto Raggi, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Luca Ronfani, Lorenzo Monasta","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A991.020","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A991.020","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to provide a comprehensive and comparable assessment of life expectancy (LE), health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE), Years Lived with Disability (YLDs), Years of Life Lost (YLLs), and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (DALYs) across Italian regions from 1990 to 2023, identifying temporal, geographical, and sex-specific patterns to inform targeted public health strategies.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>descriptive epidemiological study using estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) 2023.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>the analysis covered the Italian population, stratified by sex, five macro-regions, and 21 subnational locations, including 19 Regions and 2 Autonomous Provinces.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>LE, HALE, all-age and age-standardized rates YLDs, YLLs, and DALYs per 100,000 population; all estimates were presented with their 95% uncertainty intervals.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>between 1990 and 2023, LE increased substantially across all regions and in both sexes, despite the temporary decline associated with the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2023, the highest LE was recorded in the North-East, with 81.4 years (95%CI 81.1-81.6) for males and 85.8 years (95%CI 85.6-86.1) for females, while the lowest values were found in the Islands, at 79.7 years (95%CI 79.3-80.1) for males and 84.2 years (95%CI 83.9-84.5) for females. However, differences diminished when considering HALE. YLDs increased steadily over time, reflecting not only population ageing but also the expanding burden of chronic and non-fatal conditions. In contrast, YLLs declined markedly in both sexes, driven particularly by substantial reductions in mortality from neoplasms and cardiovascular diseases. However, in 2023, ischemic heart disease remained the leading contributor to all-age DALYs among males, while Alzheimer's disease was the top cause among females. Anxiety disorders represented the leading cause of age-standardized DALYs in females and showed marked increases since 1990. Among males, ischemic heart disease continued to appear as the primary cause of age-standardized DALYs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>health in Italy improved substantially over the past three decades, primarily due to declining premature mortality. However, the burden of disability increased, particularly among women, and important geographical and sex-specific inequalities persist. Strengthening prevention policies, addressing behavioural and metabolic risk factors and mental health, improving long-term care, and promoting healthy ageing are essential to reducing health disparities.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"67-77"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[The 'Terra dei Fuochi' ruling: A new role for epidemiology in legal proceedings on environmental crimes].","authors":"Stefano Zirulia, Francesco Barone-Adesi","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A999.024","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A999.024","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>On 30 January 2025, the European Court of Human Rights condemned the Italian Government for failing to safeguard the right to life of residents in ninety municipalities in the Campania region, an area known as 'Terra dei Fuochi' (literally: Land of Fires). This judgment is historic for two main reasons. First and foremost, it represents the first judicial recognition of severe, decades-long environmental and health deterioration affecting a specific territory. Second, it establishes a significant precedent for environmental litigation, marking the first time the Court has unequivocally affirmed that epidemiological evidence collected within a defined area is sufficient to demonstrate a violation of the right to life of the populations living there. This stance adopted by the Court gives rise to a series of important legal implications: it strengthens the basis for prosecuting environmental crimes and encourages the development of innovative investigative projects that move beyond individual-level data; such projects can capture the collective harms suffered by affected communities and help determine whether these harms can be traced to actions or omissions by public authorities or private-sector actors.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"105-109"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"[Follow-up management after PSA testing in 400,000 citizens within the Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan Area of Milan].","authors":"Brunella Frammartino, Emanuele Crocetti, Carlotta Buzzoni, Danilo Cereda, Antonio Giampiero Russo","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A929.011","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A929.011","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to evaluate follow-up patterns after a total prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test performed in the absence of clinical indications among residents of the Agency for Health Protection of the Metropolitan Area of Milan (ATS Milano).</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>a cohort of men aged 30-84 years residing in the ATS Milano area who underwent at least one PSA test between 2018-2019 and 2021-2023, followed for subsequent investigations through December 2024.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>from the administrative and healthcare databases of the ATS Milano, 414,731 individuals who had at least one PSA test during the study period, presumably for screening purposes, were identified.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>individual procedures and cumulative follow-up activities within 3, 6, and 12 months from the index PSA test, classified as passive or active, and as conservative (repeat PSA test, ultrasound, or urological visit) or aggressive/therapeutic (CT/MRI imaging, prostate biopsy, or prostate-related hospitalization). Logistic regression was used to estimate the probability of active and aggressive follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>overall, 58% of men had no follow-up procedures within the first year, particularly among those with low PSA values, while the proportion remained above 30% among men with PSA >=4 ng/mL. Among those who underwent follow-up, 84% followed a conservative pathway. At one year, among men aged 50-69 years (55.7% of the total population) with PSA >=3 ng/mL, 38.8% had no follow-up, while 18.7% underwent an aggressive procedure, compared with about 5% among those with PSA <3 ng/mL. Within three months, the most frequent procedures were urological consultation (10.0%) and ultrasound (9.3%). The probability of active follow-up increased with age (including advanced age), index PSA value, >=3 comorbidities, and socioeconomic deprivation. Older age, PSA >= 4ng/mL, and Italian citizenship were associated with a higher likelihood of an aggressive approach.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the high rate of active follow-up among older adults (70-84 years) with multiple comorbidities, even with a lower use of aggressive procedures, indicates the value of an organised programme aimed at concentrating interventions on individuals who are most likely to benefit.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"18-25"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"A real-world simulation of the fertility trend among women with endometriosis in Italy.","authors":"Ugo Indraccolo, Gennaro Scutiero, Alessandro Favilli","doi":"10.19191/EP26.1.A897.019","DOIUrl":"10.19191/EP26.1.A897.019","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Objectives: </strong>to model a real-world probability curve of fertility rates in non-endometriotic and endometriotic women using demographic data and information from Italy.</p><p><strong>Design: </strong>probabilistic simulation built from available data of Italian population.</p><p><strong>Setting and participants: </strong>data from the Italian population of the years 2020-2023 were collected on: 1. the actual desire for pregnancy; 2. the infertility rate and outcomes of assisted reproductive technologies (ART); 3. the age at which endometriosis is diagnosed and the impact of endometriosis treatments on fertility; 4. the infertility rate in endometriotic patients and outcomes of ART; 5. the natural decline in fertility with age in women. Data for points 1 to 3 were obtained from Italian institutional websites, while points 4 and 5 were estimated from scientific literature. Normalized estimates of cumulative pregnancy rates and live birth rates in Italian non-endometriotic and endometriotic women were calculated based on Italian family planning behaviour and endometriosis medical care issues. These estimates were combined and plotted by female aging to observe trends.</p><p><strong>Main outcome measures: </strong>age-specific fertility trends in endometriotic and non-endometriotic Italian women.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>treated endometriotic patients show a reduction in fertility potential compared to non-endometriotic and untreated endometriotic patients.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>the decline of fertility in Italian endometriotic women is mainly iatrogenic. Women with endometriosis should consider conceiving at a young age.</p>","PeriodicalId":50511,"journal":{"name":"Epidemiologia & Prevenzione","volume":"50 1","pages":"55-66"},"PeriodicalIF":0.8,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"147482229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}